GERMANY. 
dV2 
tlie Frencli continued (o aver, notwlthflanding their nu¬ 
merous acts of iniulUce', that tliey liad no oth.er view 
than to take pofitions of I’afety. But, at length, tlie di- 
redtory threw off the inafk, and caul'ed war to be for¬ 
mally declared, by the legiflative body, againft his im¬ 
perial majefty and the grand-dukc of Tulcany. Hereupon 
Jourdan determined to come to adtioii^on the zift of 
hlarch: but the archduke rclblvcd to be beforehand 
with him, and immediately divided his army into three 
columns; one of which, commanded b)’ li’.e prince ot 
I'm llcmberg, was to march towards Mengcn, in order 
to dillodr.e the enemy from that place; while a lecond 
divilion, under getieral Wallis, diredted their march to 
the river Oltrach; and the archduke, with the centre, 
advanced on the lame point along the caufevvay ot Sul- 
gau. d'he advanced polls of the enetuy made a moft 
defperate reliflance, but were at lad overthrown by the 
imperialids; the bridge of Oltrach was allb forced after 
an obltinale contlidt, and the republicans were com¬ 
pelled to retire with the lofs of five thoufand ir.en. A 
lecond engagement took place near Aach, and was fiin- 
poited on both Tides with allonifliing linnnefs and intre¬ 
pidity; hut victory again declared in favour of the Auf- 
trians; and Jourdan, after haftily repafiing the Rhine, 
proceeded to Paris, Jbr the rc-cfcablrjhment of his health. 
Here, however, he met with the reception that is uluaily 
given by popular governments to unl'uccefstul generals; 
and Wiis dripped of his command of the army. About 
the lame time tlie inliabitant^ of tlie I'yrol took up arms 
againlt their French invaders; and, after a molt obdi- 
iiate conflict, compelled them to evacuate that country. 
MalTena was now appointed to I'ucceed Jourdan in the 
chief command of all the French forces from the fron¬ 
tiers of the Tyrol and Italy to the palatinate. Accord¬ 
ingly, on the i2th of April, he fixed his head-quarters 
at Balle, as the central point of Ills army; which con¬ 
fided ot about one hundred thoufand men, and extended 
from Manheim to the Tource of the Adige. The war 
might now be faid to ailume a more decided charafler; 
and all tlie iiopes which the French direiitory and I'ome 
ot tlie German princes liad founded on tlie congrefs of 
Raltadt, were totally overthrown. The brilliant I'uc- 
celTe.s of the archduke re-animated the court of 'Fienna ; 
and the imperial commifiioner announced officially to 
the congrefs, that lie had orders to r-evoke all tlie con- 
celiioni he liad inr.de, and to declare that matters fliould 
thenceforth be conlidcred in the fame date as they were 
previoully to the opening of the congrefs. This decla¬ 
ration, and the lubl'equent departure of the deputies of 
the empire, terminated the conferences at Raltadt. 
It will here be pioper to take a relrol'pective view of 
fomc particular events, wdiich took place previous to 
the renewal of the war in Germany; On the 13th of 
April, 1796, the populace of '/ieiina had voluntarily 
taken up arms to defend their city, and the palace of 
their fovereign, againd the republican forces, who were 
I'uppolcd to be approaching by rapid m.irclies toward 
the capital. This mark of loyalty was immediately re¬ 
corded among tlie public acts of goveriinieiU> and the 
emperor commanded that its anniverlaries llioiild be ce¬ 
lebrated with civil and religious ceremonies. On the 
evening of that day, 1798, tlie republican flag was dif- 
played, for the fird time, on the balcony of the French 
ambafl'adcr’s hotel. 'I'his grofs infult excited general 
■indignation, and the populace demanded with loud and 
repeated cries that the flag Ihould be taken down. 'I’o 
zmirmurings I'ucceeded violence ; and the exafperated 
multitude, after tearing the obnoxious colours to atoms, 
burd open tiie gates of tlie hotel, threatening to I'acrifice 
the ambad’ador and all Ids I'uite to their vengeance. The 
lurniture on the ground-floor was indantly demolifhed, 
and two of Bernadotte’s carriages were dragged to the 
court of the palace, and broken to pieces. But whild 
. they were thus employed, a detachment of military oc- 
I upied the liieet in which the ambalTador’s lioufe was 
fituated, and prevented their I'eturn, A polite apology 
was offered on the part of the court, for this unforiT.- 
nate dil'turbance ; but the hnughty demands of the ani- 
bali'ador could not be complied with, and he therefore 
took the earlied opportunity of quitting Vienna. 
This occurrence was Toon followed by another more 
tragical and calamitous. At the termination of the con¬ 
ferences at Radadt, the French plenipotentiaries ex- 
prefled an intention of fetting out in three days for Paris. 
But, on applying for a fafe conduct, tliey were ordered 
to quit tlie territory of Gernbach and tlie imperial army 
in the fpace of twenty-four hours. At the fame moment. 
Tour luindrcd liufliirs entered Radadt, and took polTeflion 
ot tlie gates, with an order to fuifer no peribn to enter 
in, or go out. About nine o’clock in tiie evening the 
Frenth minillers were in tiieir carriages ; and, after Tome 
altercation, they obtained permillioii to leave the town ; 
but they liad fcarcely proceeded five hundred paces from 
the gate, vvhen a troop of hulfars ruflied out from a wood, 
and furrounded the firft carriage, in wliicli was Jean De¬ 
brie wit'll his wife and ciiildren. Midaking thefe ruftians 
tor a patrole. Debrie lield liis padport out at tlie win¬ 
dow;, men.ioning ids name and quality; but he was im¬ 
mediately dragged out, and wounded in fo terrible a 
manner by tlie labre's of his afl'ailants, tliat he was left 
for dead, tliough lie afterwards contrived to crawl into 
an adjaceiK ditch. 1 he fecond carriage was then dopped, 
and Debrie’s lecretary and valet-de-chambre were forced 
to aliglit; baton their exclaiming tliat they were do- 
medics, tiiey efcaped witliout any otiier injury than a 
few blows. Bonnier was dragged from tlie third carriaoe 
by one of the mod violent hulfars, who cut off his hand, 
h.ead, and arms. Rofendeil, the f’ecretary of legation, 
perceiving vvluit was pafling, jumped out of his carriage 
and made his el'cape ; but Roberjot was inhumanly mur¬ 
dered, wliile ids didracted wife lield him drongly locked 
ill her arms. T he affallins then retired, and the car¬ 
riages with the ladies and fervants returned to Radadt, 
wliitiier Rofendeil allb came about eleven o’clock the 
fame night, and Jean Debrie the next morning. 
The Rudian minilters immediately wrote to colonel 
B.arbaczy, commander of the Andrian advanced pods,- 
demanding a projier efcort for what remained of tlie 
French legation; and tiie injured parties quitted Radadt 
on the following day, in compi-ny with the Ligurian mi- 
iiider, who had followed them on the former occafion, 
but had fortunateiy efcaped before tiie iuilfars came up 
to his carriage. Various conjedtures were formed re- 
fpedting this Ill)derious tranfadtion, and two imperial 
officers were anelied, in order to undergo a trial by a 
court-martial ; but as it was afterward declared that 
the alfallins were Frencli emigrants, under die all'umed 
appearance ot luu'fars, tliis trial did not take place. 
TJie Frencli diredtory peremptorily charged tlie court 
of Vienna witli tiie murder, and tlie councils adopted a 
relblutron, “tliat this adt Ihould be denounced, in the 
name of tlie republic, to tlie governments of every 
countr)', as commanded by the imperial caMnet, and 
executed by its troops ; that funeral folemnities ihould 
be performed tliroughout France, in honour or tlie inur. 
dered deputies; tliat in all places of municipal admi. 
niftration, in fchools, tribunals, and public eflablilh- 
ments, an infeription fliould be fet up, Hating that the 
AuHrian government had caufed this inhuman murder 
to be committed by its foldiers ; that a banner fhould 
be Tent to every army by fea and land, with an inferip¬ 
tion provocative of vengeance againlt the Aullrians ; 
and that indemnities fliould be given to tiie widows and 
eliildren of the deceafed miniftei-s.” His imperial ma- 
jelty, liowever, exprelfed fuch abiiorrence of tiie atro¬ 
cious deed, and made fucir vigorous exertions for dif- 
covering its authors or accomplices, tiiat the French 
nation gradually cooled in their refentmeat, and began 
to doubt the reality of v/hat liad been io pofitively 
cliarged upon the cabinet of V'ienna. 
But 
