574 GIN 
quently as thick as the largefl: oak ; tl\e branches are 
alternate and fpreading. Leaves alternate, petioled, 
vvedge-diaped, rounded on the upper edge, where they 
are fliglitly galhed or notched unequally, with a large 
finus in the middle, dividing them into two lobes: they 
come out in bundles at tlie knots or tubercles of the 
branches, are fmooth, and finely llriated by numerous 
parallel forked veins, but they have neither ribi nor 
nerve, and are not much unlike the leaves ol maiden¬ 
hair; they are from an inch and half to three inches in 
width ; and the petioles are about two inches long, 
nightly channelled, pubefeent at the bafe above, with 
the edges of the leaf running down tlie top. 'Ot the 
frudfifieation we yet know very little with certainty. 
The flowers are male and female feparate, probably.on 
different trees. The male flowers were })roduced in 
1795, in the royal botanic garden at Kevv, but in a Jlate 
not fufficiently perJeEl to determine the ckaraBers abfolutely. 
They come out in April, before the leaves, and from the 
fame bud with them, towards the ends of the branches ; 
on aments or catkins, as Kaempfer deferibes tliem, pen¬ 
dant and longifli, abounding in pollen. The female flow¬ 
ers are probably folitary or few in number in the axils 
of the leaves, Kaempfer having afligned this fituation to 
the fruits, which he fays grow on a thick flefhy peduncle 
an inch in length, and having figured them Angle : he 
deferibes them as round or oblong, of the appearance 
and fize of a Damafcene plum or damfon, with a warted 
furface becoming yellow as the fruit ripens, and a flefliy, 
juicy, white, pulp, adhering very clofely to the nut, 
which refembles that of the pilfachia, but is almoft 
double the fize, and more of the form of an apricot- 
llone; the fliell is woody, thin, brittle, and whitifh, and 
the kernel is white, rather firm, fweet, with a mixture of 
aufterity, or bitternefs, when raw, but is agreeable when 
loaded gently on the coals, before the Ikin is taken off. 
In this date it is fuppofed to help digedion. Native of 
Japan and China. Cultivated in 1758 by Mr. James 
Gordon, who fird feiit the tree to Linmeus. 
GIN'LIA, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of Naples, 
and province of Abruzzo Ultra: twelve miles and a 
half north-ead of Teramo. 
GINNA'NI (Francis), count, an eminent naturalid 
and agriculturid, born at Ravenna in 1716. He received 
a literary education in his father’s houfe, and at the age 
of fourteen was placed at Parma as page to the duke 
Antony Farnefe. He there continued to purfue his du- 
dies; and upon his return he particularly attended to 
natural hidory, under the direction of his uncle, count 
Jofeph Ginnani. He devoted himfelf to a retired and 
Itudious life, colletfed a large and valuable mufeum, 
invented agricultural indruments and other pieces of 
inechanifrn, and greatly intereded himfelf in the inditu- 
tion of the Society of Ravenna. His writings obtained 
him admiflion into the learned focieties of Perugia, Bern, 
Paris, and London; and he maintained a correfpondence 
with many of the mod eminent natural philofbphers of 
tlie age. Fie died in 1766, at the age of forty. The 
principal work of the count Ginnani is entitled Delle 
Malattie del Grano in Erba, TrattatoJlorico fifice: A phyfica! 
Treatife of the Difeafes of growing Corn, J759, 410. 
This work is of great compafs and erudition, treating 
of all the different kinds of difeafe afl'edting green corn, 
with their caufes and remedies. Of his other writings 
the mod confiderable is An Account of the Natural Pro- 
duftions in the Ginnani Mufeum at Ravenna, 1762, 4to. 
with plates. He has given a Defeription of fome Indi¬ 
genous Plants and their Infetls, in the Journal of Bern, 
tom. i. and A DilFertation on the Scirpus of Ravenna, 
in the Ravenna Acts. He left in mamifeript a Natural 
and Civil Flidory of the Pine F'oreds of Ravenna. 
GINNA'NI A, y. [fo named by Scopoli in honour of 
Giufeppe Gimani, of Ravenna, uncle to the above.] In 
botany, a genus of the clafs enneandria, order mono- 
gynia, natural order of lomentace®, (leguminofse, JuJf.) 
G 1 O 
I'he generic charaTers are—Calyx ; perianthium dou¬ 
ble ; outer one leafed, bind, acute; inner one-leafed, 
cup-fliaped, four or five-cleft ; fegments oval, concave, 
obtule, fpreading, one larger than the red. Corolla : 
petals three, oblong, obtufe, fringed, fpreading, inferted 
into the larger feginent of the calyx at the bafe. Sta¬ 
mina: filaments nine, filiform, fiexuofe, longer than the 
'corolla, inferted into the mouth of , the calyx ; antherm 
parallelopiped, verfatile. Pidillum : germ oblong, com- 
prelfed, at the bottom of the calyx affixed to a-pedicel, 
with a membranaceous wing itt the top ; dyle filiform, 
flexuofe, the length of the damens ; digma obtufe. 
Pericarpium : legume long, draight, one-celled, two- 
valved, pedicelled. Seeds; very many, oval, flatted, 
fmooth.— E.Jfential CharaEler. Calyx double, both one- 
leafed ; petals three, fringed, fpreading; germ pedi¬ 
celled, with a membranaceous wing at the top. 
Ginnania Guianenfis, the Paloue Guianenfis of Aublet, 
is a flirub growing to the height of fifteen feet, begin¬ 
ning to be brai\ched at one or two feet from the ground. 
Leaves alternate, entire, fmooth, ovate-oblong, acumi¬ 
nate, fubfeffile; the largelt fix inches long, and two 
and a half wide. Flowers terminating, three or four to¬ 
gether, on a fhort peduncle, on which are four or five 
loft green fcales, or brafles. Native of the foreds of 
fjuiana; flowering in February, and fruiting in May. 
GIN'NET,^ [7uv3$, Gr.] A nag ; amule; a dege¬ 
nerated breed. Hence, according to fome, the Spanidt 
gennet is improperly written iov ginnet. 
GINO'RA,y. [fo named by Jacquin in honour of the 
marquis Carlo Ginori, who liad a botanic garden near 
Florence.] In botany, a genus of the clafs dodecandria, 
order monogynia, natural order of lalicafiae, JuJJ'. The 
geneiic charablers are—Calyx: perianthium one-leafed ; 
tube bell-diaped ; border fix-cleft; fegments lanceolate, 
fpreading, coloured, permanent. Corolla: petals fix, 
roundidi, fpreading, longer than the calyx, with long 
claws inferted into the neck of the calyx. Stamina: 
filaments twelve, fubulate, patulous, as long as the 
calyx, and inferted into it; antheras kidney-fliaped. 
Piliillum : germ roundilh, flatted; fiyle fubulate, the 
fame length with the corolla, permanent; digma obtufe. 
Pericarpium : capfule flatted and roundilh, diining, co. 
loured, fomewhat four-grooved, four-valved, one-celled, 
gaping at the tip. Seeds : very many, minute; recep- 
tacle roundifli, large.— EJfentialCliaraBer. Calyx fix-cleft; 
petals fix ; capl'ule one-celled, four-valved, coloured, 
containing many feeds. 
Ginora Americana, a fingle fpecies. It is an elegant 
dirub, with the appearance of myrtle. Leaves oppolite. 
It grows upright, to the height of three or four feet, and 
divides into fmooth branches, round, except that tliey 
are compreded at the origin of the twigs and leaves, all 
woody. Leaves lanceolate, acute, quite entire, fmooth, 
fpreading, an inch and half long, on very Ihort petioles. 
Peduncles flender, fpreading, folitary, an inch in length. 
Flowers handfome, almod an inch in diameter, without 
anyfeent; calyx red; corolla blue ; capfule dark-red, 
outwardly refembling a berry. Native of Cuba, by river 
'fides, and called/there A/rfo, or river role. 
GIN'SENG,y. the celebrated medicinal plant of the 
Chinefe ; for an account of which fee the article Pana x. 
GINT'ZELLSTORFF', a town of Germany, in the 
archduchy of Aullria: five miles north-north-well of 
Ebenfurth. 
GINT'ZERSDORFF, a town of Germany, in the 
archduchy of Aullria : fix miles north-north-eall of Zif. 
terfdorlf. 
Gl'O, a cape of Scotland, on the north coall of the 
ifland of Shapiniha. 
GIOBAR', a town of Afiatic Turkey, in the province 
of Diarbek : ten miles north-well of 1 ecrit. 
GIOCON'DO (Fra Giovanni), an eminent antiquarian 
and architefl, a native of Verona, where he was firll 
a teacher of the Greek and Latin languages, in which 
he 
