G I S 
with notes, by the celebrated James L’Enfant, tvl;o 
awards it a high thare of praife. The author left behind 
him iamanul'eript a work which, if well executed, mutt 
be gratifying to curiofity ; it is entitled A critical Hif- 
tory of the Art of Preaching among the French, from 
the early Years of the Reign of Francis I. to the Reign 
of Louis XV. 
GIS'BOROUGH, a market-town in the North Riding 
ofYorklhire, in Clereland, in the turnpike road from 
Whitby to Durham, 224 miles from London, and four 
from the mouth of the Tees, where is a bay and harbour 
for fltips. It had an abbey, founded in 1119; and its 
church, by the ruins, feems to have been equal to the 
larged cathedral in England. The foil, befides its fer¬ 
tility in padure, has iron ore, and mines of alum, which 
were fird difeovered in the reign of James I. and have 
been fince very much improved. Sir Paul Pindar, who 
fird farmed'them, paid a rent to the king of 12,500!. 
The market is on Fridays. Fairs April 26 and 27, Whit- 
fun-Tuefday, Augud 26 and’27, September 19 and 20, 
and Monday after November ii.—Ounfberry-Topping, 
is a lofty verdant moimwin, adjoitiing to Gifltorough, 
which has a mod delighffifl profpedl, and is regarded by 
the failors as a fea-mark. From a rock near the' top of 
it there ifiTues a fpring, recommended for diforders of 
the eyes. 
GIS'BURN, a fmall towm in Craven, in the Wed Ri¬ 
ding of the county of York ; eleven miles from Skipton, 
eight from- Clithero, twenty-five from Predon, and 220 
from London. A very good turnpike-road through a 
mod beautiful country from Skipton to Clithero pades 
through this towm, and is the direcSl road from York, 
Harrowgate, &c. to the central parts of Lancadiire. 
Here is no manufaftory, and but little trade of any kind, 
tlie country around this paridi, and indeed almod all 
Craven, confiding chiefly of large rich padures and 
meadow's, from which an almod incredible fupply of fat 
cattle, dieep, &c. is fent every fortnight to the trading 
towns in Lancadiire. Here are five fairs annually, viz. 
on Eader Monday, and the two fucceeding Mondays 
fortnight, for lean cattle; on September the i8th for 
fat cattle; and i9,th of September for pedlary w'ares. 
GIS'CO, fon of Hamilco tlie Cartliaginian general, 
banidied from his country by the influence of his ene¬ 
mies. He was afterwards recalled, and empowered by 
the Carthaginians to punidi, in what manner he pleafed, 
thofe who had occafioned his banidiment. He was fatis- 
fied to fee them prodrate on the ground, and to place 
his .foot on their neck, diewing that independence and 
forgivenefs are two of the mod brilliant virtues of a great 
mind. He was made a general foon after, in Sicily, againd 
the Corinthians, about 309 years before the Chridian era; 
and by his fuccefs and intrepidity he obliged the enemies 
of his country to fue for peace. 
To GISE, V. a. To graze by taking in the cattle of 
other people. 
GISE'KIA,yi [fo named by Linnaeus in honour of 
Paulas Dietericus Gifcke, profefibr of phyfics at Hamburgh.] 
In botany, a genus of the clafs pentandria, order penta- 
gynia, natural order of fucculentte, (portulaceie, JuJf.) 
The generic chara6lers are—Calyx : perianthium five¬ 
leaved ; leaflets ovate, concave, blunt, fcariofe at the 
edge, permanent. Corolla: none. Stamina: filaments 
five, fubulate, ovate at the bafe, diort; antherse round- 
ifli. Pidillurn : germ fuperior, roundidi, retufe, five- 
parted ; dyles diort, bowed back ; digmas blunt. Pe- 
ricarpium : capfules five, roundidi, lomewhat flatted, 
fcabrous, blunt, approximating. Seeds: folitary, ovate, 
fmooth.— EJJhitialCkara8.tr. Calyx five-leaved ; corolla 
none; capfules five, approximating, roundifh, one-feeded. 
Gifekia pharnacioicles, or trailing Gifekia, a folitary 
fpecies. Stalks herbaceous, decumbent, fmooth, Vound, 
fcored with a line on the upper fide, a foot long, with 
remote joints. Branches of the bafe alternate. The herb 
scfembles that of Illecebrum fiepideura. Leaves oppo- 
4 
GIT .-LSd 
file, petioled, clliptic-l.'.nceclate, quite enlire, hhuir, 
fmooth and even, fpreading. Mowers green on the out- 
fide, white within, hanging down, except on the day of 
flowering ; mod ot tliem axillary, on onc-flowered pe¬ 
duncles : capfules or feeds black. It is an aniiu.d plant, 
native of the Ead Indies ; flowering here in June. 
G i'SEMFiNT, /i Tlie cattle which are taken in to 
graze at a certain price ; the money received for grazing 
cattle. 
GPSETAKER,y. The perfon who fo takes cattle to 
graze. 
GIS'GI, a town of Tranfilvania, firuated near the 
Maros : fourteen miles fouth-wed of Millenbach. 
GISHU'BFT,, a town of Boiiemia, in the circle of 
Konigmgratz : twenty miles ead-nortli-eaft of Konigin- 
gratz. 
GI'SING, a tow'n and cadle of Hungarv : fourteen 
miles foutU-wed of Steinam Anger. 
GIS'LAVY, a town of Sweden, in the province of 
Smaland: twenty miles fouth-wed of Johnkioping. 
GI'SLEjy. Among the Englidi Saxons, fignifics a 
pledge: thus, Fredgijlt is a pledge of peace; Gijlcbtri an 
illudrious pledge, like the Greek Hamerus. GibJ'. Camden. 
GI'SON, y. in Jewidi antiquities, a low wall for in- 
clofing any thing confecrated, as the temple, the altar 
,of burnt facrifices, &c. 
GISO'RS, a town of France, and feat of a tribunal, 
in the department of the Eure ; nine leagues north-ead 
of Evreux, and nine ead of Rouen. Lat, 49. 17. N. Ion. 
19. 22. E. Ferro. 
GIST,y. Agued; a dranger. 
GIST OF AC'TION, inlaw, is the caufe for which 
the abiion licth ; the ground and foundation thereof, 
without wliich it is not maintainable. 5 Mod. 305. 
GIS'TAIN, a town of Spain, in Arragon, fitnated on 
a brook in tlie Pyrenees, on the confines of France : five 
leagues north of ALnfa. 
GIS'TITZ, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of 
Boleflau ; four miles north of Nimburn. 
GISU'ND, a town of Norway, in the diocefe of Dron- 
theim : forty-four miles north-wed of Drontheim. 
GITE,y. [old French.] A robe : 
When Phoebus rofe, he left his golden W'eed, 
And donn’d gite in deeped purple dy’d. Fairfax. 
GITH, y [^nigella.l The herb called Guinea peppero 
GITIIA'GO, y. in botany. See Ac rostem.ma. 
GI'TI, a town of Afia, in the country of Thibet: 
234 miles north-north-ead ot Delhi. Lat. 32.10. N. Ion. 
79. 36. E. Greenwich. 
GIT'SCHIN, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of 
Konigingratz. This town was taken and facked by the 
Bohemians in the year 1442; and fuffered greatly during 
the long w'ar of the Swedes in Germany : twenty-two 
miles north-wed of Konigingratz, and forty-four north- 
ead of Prague. 
GIT'TAH-HE'PHER, a city of Paledine, belonging 
to the tribe of Zebulon; lituated on the eadern boun. 
dary of that province. It is probably the lame with 
Gath-hepher. yy4.xix.13. 
GIT'TAIM, a city of Paledine, belonging to the 
tribe of Benjamin. 2 Sam. iv. 3. AM.xi. 33. 
GIT'TERN,/ A kind of harp. Phillips.. 
GIT'TITE, [from Ga// 4 .] A native of Gath ; an iiv. 
habitant of Gath. 
GIT'TITH,y. A Hebrew term frequently occurring 
in the Pfalms, and generally trandated wine-prejes. 1 he 
conjectures of interpreters are various concerning this 
word. Some think it figniftes a fort of mufical iadru- 
ment; others, that the pfalms with this title were lung 
after the vintage; and others, that the hymns of this 
kind were invented in- the city of Gath. Calmet is of 
opinion, that it was given to the dais ot young wo¬ 
men of Gath to be fung by them. Pfal.fiW.i. Ixxxi. i. 
lx.xxiv. I. Dr. Hammond thiiiks that the pfalms with 
this 
