S9S ' G L A S 
confifting cf two w.inp;s snd a large front ; the length 
one hundred and hi'ty-tix feet, the breadth of the centre 
thirty feet, and the deptli of tlie w'ings lixty-eight feet. 
Behind the buildiu'ig is a range of wards one hundred 
and tweniy-fevcn feet long by tw.enty-fiye feet broad, 
tlie afcent to which is. by a flight of ffeps. The lower 
part of this building is,appointed for the reception of 
lunatics. The area- between the buildings is large, 
which, with the agiceable open iituationof the hofpital 
on the river,- nmit conduce to the health of the patients. 
The gramtnar fchool is fituated on the north-weft of 
the town, and was built in 1787. It is a very handfome 
building, containing a large hall, and fix airy commo¬ 
dious teaching rooms. In this fchool there are four 
chures, the courfe being four years : each clafs is car¬ 
ried on tile vviiole four years by the fame mafter ; fo 
tliat, there being no re'etor, each mafter is head of tlie 
fchool one year in rotation, It is under the direction 
of a committee of the town council ; who, allilted by 
the profeiror-, clergy, apd other perfons of learnings 
frequently vilit it dining the feliion ; and at an annual 
examination, prizes of books are diltributed to the 
fchohirs according tq their refpeiftive merits. The prs- 
feiit luinibcr of fchohirs is above three hundred. 
The New Bridge is an elegant ftrinffure. It is thirty- 
two feet wide ; with a commodious foot-way for palfen- 
gers, five feet broad on each fide, raifed above the road 
made for carriages, and paved with freeftone. This 
l^ridge is about five hundred feet in length ; and con- 
Ihts of feven arches, the faces of which are wrought in 
ruftic, -wfitii a ftrong block cornice above. The arches 
Ipring but a little Way above low-water mark ; which, 
tiiougli it renders the bridge ftrongcr than if they fprung 
from taller piers, yet diminifties its beauty. Between 
every arch there is a fmall circular one; thefe break 
th.e force of the water when tlie river riles to a flood, 
and add to the ftrength of the whole. This,bridge was 
begun in 1768, and fiiiilhed in 1772. 
'J'iie moll remarkable public charities in Glafgow are 
as follow : Muirhead’s or St. Nicholas Hofpital ; ori¬ 
ginally appointed to fubfift twelve old men and a chap¬ 
lain : but its revenues have, from fomc unknown caufes, 
been loft ; fo tliat no more of thym now remains than 
ttic film of 128I. per annum, Scots money, or lol. 13s. ^.d. 
Iterling. 
Hutchefon’s Hofpital, founded and endowed in 1639 
by George Hutchelon, and Thomas Hutchefon liis bro¬ 
ther, vviio was bred a preacher, for the maintenance of 
old men and orphans. The funds of this hofpital were 
increafed by James Blair, merchant in Glalgow in 1710, 
and by fublequent donations. Tlie income is now above 
i.vool. which is diltributed in penfions to old people, 
and in educating about fifty children. The Merchants’ 
Koufe ; a charity which diftributes in penfioirs about 
Sool. yearly. 
Willbn’s Charity, for the education of boys ; founded 
by George Wiilbn, who,in 1778 left 3000). fof'that pur- 
poCe, d liis fund is now confiderably incieafed, and 
gives education and clothing to forty-eight boys, who 
each, continues four years, fq that twelve are admitted 
annually. Befides liiele, tliere are niany public fchools 
for the education of children ; as well as many inftilu- 
tions of private focieties for the purpol'e of relieving 
tile indigent and inliructing youth, fuch as Graham’s 
Society, Buchanan’s Society, the Highland Society, &c. 
1 liefe ialt put annually tvyenty boys apprentices to 
trades, and during tlie three preceding years give them 
clotliing and education. 
The iinivecllty of Glafgow owes its origin to bilhpp 
T-uriibull. From the time of its eftablilhment in i.t50 
to die retonnation in 1560, the college was chiefly fre¬ 
quented by thofe who were intended for the church ; 
it;^members were all eccleliaftics, and its principal fup- 
pbrt was derived from the church. The reformation 
brought the uiiiverlity to the verge of dellruCtion j 
G O W. 
mafters, ftudents, and. fervants, all forfook it. The ma- 
giftrates,were fo fenlible of the lofs which the commu¬ 
nity had fuftained by this defertion, that they endea¬ 
voured to reftore it in 1572, by bellowing upon it confi- 
derable funds, and preferibing regulaiions for its ma¬ 
nagement. Tiiefe, however, proved infufficient ; for 
wliich reafon James VI. erefted it anew, by a charter 
called the Nova Erech'o, in 1577, and bellowed upon it 
tlie teinds of the pariflr of Govan. The perfons who 
were to compofe the new univerfity were, a principal, 
three profeilbrs of philofophy, and four ftudents bur- 
fars. Since that time the funds of the univerfity, have 
been confiderably increafed by the bounty of kings and 
the donations of private perfons. The profeilbrs have 
therefore alfo been increafed ; fo. that at prefent tlie 
univerfity of Glafgow conlills of a chancellor, rebtbr,. 
dean of faculty, principal, and fourteen profeilbrs (fix 
of them in the gift of the crown), together with bur- 
fars, See. The archbifliop of Glafgow was formerly 
chancellor of the- univerfity. ex officio \ at prefent, the 
chancellor is chofen by the redlor, dean of faculty, 
principal, and mailers,. The number of ftudents who an- 
niHilly attend this college appears to be upwards of 500, 
Since the ftagnation of the American trade, already 
noticed; the merchants of Glafgow have turned their 
attention more to manufabtures, which have of late, 
efpecially that-of cottons and mullins, increafed in a 
very rapid degree. The manufabluring houfes, the in¬ 
flux ot people for carrying on the manufablures, the 
means and encouragement which tliefe afford to popu¬ 
lation, and tlie wealth thence derived by individuals as 
well as accruing to tlie community, have all tended 
greatly to increafe the extent of the city and the ele¬ 
gance of the buildings. Befides various improvements 
in the old ftreets, fevcral handfome new- ones as well as- 
new Iquares have been added ; particularly George’s 
fqiiare, which is large, airy, and beautiful. 
Tlie government of the city of Glafgow is veiled'in 
a provoll and three bailiflb, a dean of guild, deacon- 
conveencr, and a treafiirer, with a common council of 
thirteen mercliants and twelve mechanics. The provoft 
and two of the bailiffs, mull be elebled from the mer¬ 
chant rank, and the other bailiff from the trade rank, 
i.e. the mechanics. The provoft is, from courtefy and 
uiilloin, ftyled lord provojl. He is properly lord of the 
police.of tlie city, prelident of the cominuiiity, and is 
ex.qfficio a juftice of the peace for both the borough and 
county. 
The revenue of the town arifes from a duty upon all 
grain and meal brought into the city (which tax is deno¬ 
minated t/ie ladies) ; from the rents of lands and houfes 
the property of the community ; from an impoft of two 
pennies Scots upon every Scots pint of ale or- beer 
brewed, inbrought, or fold, within the city; from cer¬ 
tain dues payable out of the markets; from the rents of 
the feats in churches; from the dues of cranage at the 
q.uay, at the weigli-houfe. See. As to the tonnage on 
the river, the pontage of the bridge, and ftatute-work ; 
thefe, making no part of the city revenue, are kept dif- 
tinit, under the management of commiirioners appointed 
by abl of parliament. 
About the time of the union, the number of inhabi¬ 
tants in Glafgow was calculated at about fourteen thou- 
land.. In 1765, when a new divilion of the parilhes took 
place, they were ellimated at twenty-eight thoufand. 
In 1785, when an accurate furvey was made, the num¬ 
ber was about thirty-fix thoufand ; befides the fuburbs, 
containing the Calton, Gorbals, and Anderllon, reckon¬ 
ed about one tlioufand. Since that time many new 
llreets have been ereited, and tlie city has become con¬ 
fiderably more populous, but no cenlus has been made ; 
tliougli It is believed that tlie number of Inhabitants can¬ 
not at prelent be computed at lei's than fifty thoufand.— 
Upon tiie whole, the city of Glafgow, from the beauty 
of its lituution, the general-neatuel's of its appearance, 
4 the 
