60 S G L A 
piiltiire tlcercin. However, during the dreadful depre¬ 
dations of the Danes, botlt tlie inonaftery and town of 
Glallonbiiry began to drop their I'plendour, and exhibit 
the appearance of ruin and diftrefs. To reftore it to 
its ancient dignity was the bufuiel’s of king Ednuind, 
•who appointed St. Dunftan abbot over it, and permitted 
liir.i to make free ul'e of his reg-al treafnry to enable him 
to rebuild it. The lands which, before the Norman 
conquefi, the monaflery of Glalfonbury poflelTed, by 
the grants of different kings and others, were immenfe 
in number and in value. 
Richard Whiting, the lafl: abbot of Glalfonbury, tvas 
uttwilling to I'urrender his abbey to king Henry VIII. 
or to lei'.d an ear to any of the folicitations which, vvere 
offered him, rvlrereiipon, by falfe pretence, they feized 
•on him at his raanor-houfe of Sharpham, in 1539 ; and 
svithout much formal procefs as to law or equity, he 
was dragged on a hurdle to the Tor-hill, where, with¬ 
out the leall regard to his age, his fandfity, or his en¬ 
treaties to revilit his convent, he was hanged ; liis head 
let upon the abbey gate, and his quarters lent to Wells, 
•B.ith, Ivelchelter, and Bridgewater. The fate of tire 
abbot and the abbey being thus decided, the buildings 
and revenues of this houfe, which had flotiriflied tor 
fuch a length of time, became the objedts of depreda¬ 
tion. Thofe riches which had flow'ed from the treafury 
of inonarchs, and thofe flrudtures which had braved 
the fliock of time and the inclemencies of age, funk to¬ 
gether. The eliates of the monaftcry, devolving to the 
crown, were either granted or fold away. The reve¬ 
nues, in 1444, were valued at 1151I. 6s. 8d. and, in 
J534, at 3311I. 7s. 6d. The foundation plot of ground 
on which the abbey and ,its offices vvere eredfed, com- 
priled no lefs tlian lixty acres of ground. Of this im- 
rnenfe range of buildings, fcarcely a vcitige now is to be 
ieen ; and all that remains of this once magnificent 
pile, are fome fragments of the church, St. Jofeph’s 
chapel, and the abbot’s kitchen. The reft is reduced 
to a heap of rubbilh, loading the furiace of its Icite 
with ui'.feemly ruins. 
Not only the tovvn, but the environs of Glalfonbury, 
abound with religious reliques. The molt confpicuous 
is the Tor or fibwer of St. Michael, Handing upon a 
very higit hill, north-ealfward front the town, on which 
poor Whiting met his untimely end. On this bleak 
and defolate I'pot, the faints Phaganus and Diruvianus 
eredted a fmall oratory to the h.onour of St. Michael 
the archangel, which was re-edified by St. Patrick, and 
beautified by I'onie of his fuccellbrs. The fucceeding 
abbots enlarged upon the ancient plan, and here-built 
not only a large and elegant church and monalfery, but 
alfo otlier buildings, dwelling houfes, and offices ; and 
obtained many grants of privileges from I'everal of the 
kings. The whole of the buildings which had been 
erected on this hill by I'everal abbots, at a vail expence, 
the labour being very great to convey materials up the 
immenfe afeent, were totally deffroyed by the earth¬ 
quake which happened in 1271, but afterwards more 
Iplendidly rebuilt, and tliat church eredfed, of which 
the tower ftill remains, and lifts its head into the clouds ; 
an objedt of admiration to travellers, and an ornament 
to the furrounding country.—For an account of the 
difeovery of king Artluir’s tomb at Glalfonbury, and a 
defeription of his curious round table, with an engrav¬ 
ing of the fame, fee Arthur, vol. ii. p. 327. 
The mineral waters of this place are Ifrongly impreg¬ 
nated with iron, fixed air, andfollil alkali, fromwhence 
they derive their falutary properties. It is found very 
efficacious in all fcorbutic and I’crophiilous complaints; 
and is a powerful remedy for the alfhma, dropfy, le- 
profy, king’s evil, ulcers, St, Vitus’s dance, and all 
fjther nervous affediions, and bilious dilbrders, where 
ftrengthening the fylfem is necellary. 
The Glalfonbury thorn, fo famous in legendary lore, 
biids and blolfozns in the'depth of winter. The Itory 
G L A . 
of its budding alv.'ays upon Ciirillmas.day is well known ; 
that circumlfance, I'.ovvever, is falfe; tlmugh, if the 
winter be mild, it always buds at ’l;e latter end of De¬ 
cember, but later if the winter is fevere. It is a I'pe- 
cies of medlar, fop which fee the article Mesphilus. 
GLAS'TQNBURY, a townfnip of the American 
States, in Bennington county, VeiTiiont, 
GLAS'TQNBURY, a handfome town of tlie Ame¬ 
rican States, in Hartford county, Connebficut, fituated 
on the eaff fide of Connedficut Yiver, oppolite to Wea- 
thersfield. 
GLATT, a river of Germany, in the circle of Swa¬ 
bia, which runs into the Neckar, two miles north from 
Sultz, in the duchy of VVirtemberg. 
GLATZ, a principality of Silefia, hying on th.e bor. 
ders of Bohemia, furrounded on all fidesby nioiintain.s. 
It is every where mountainous, interfedled with valleys, 
meadows, corn-fields, woodlands, and fmall rivers. In 
a good year it produces wheat fufficient; in bad feafons 
it is fupplied from the neighbouring countries. It has 
excellent palfure grounds, which feed great numbers of 
cattle ; wood and game are plentiful. 11 contains quar¬ 
ries of mill-ffones, free-lfone, and marble. Jafper, to¬ 
pazes, and cornelians, are found in foine places. Here 
are mines of coal, copper, and filver, with feveral mi¬ 
neral fprings. Glatz has belonged to feveral princes ; 
from the year 1561 to 1742 it was annexed to the crown 
of Bohemia. In 1742, the emprefs Maria Therefa ceded 
it to Frederic II. king of Prullia, and his heirs forever, 
with entire fovereignty, and abfolnte independence of 
the crown of Bohemia. The country forms only one 
circle, divided into fix dilfribts. Glatz is the capital. 
GLATZ, a town of Silefia, and capital of the princi¬ 
pality of the fame name, fituated on the Neilfe, built on 
the fide of a mountain, on the fnmmit of which is a 
large and (frong caftle. The town contains about four 
hundred honfes within the walls, and as many in four 
fauxbourgs. It is a place of confiderable trade ; but 
has been frequently pillaged and burnt, and the fuhjedt 
of inceffant dilcords between the Poles and Bohemians, 
not to mention the Uvo deftrudfiVe fires of 1015 and 1033. 
In 1036, it was alfo taken and laid in allies by the em¬ 
peror Conrad. In 1463, 1469, and 1524, it again fuf- 
fered by fire. Its fevereft liege, however, was that 
which it held out, in 1622, againlt the united forces of 
the emperor Ferdinand II. and his allies. In 1742, the 
Pruflians took it by capitulation : twenty-five miles well 
of Neilfe, and eighty-eight ealf of Prague. Lat.30. 16. 
N. Ion. 34.23.E. Ferro. 
GL.VTZ KO'GEL, a mountain of Germany, in the 
archduchy of Auffria: twelve miles fouth of Steyr. 
GLAU'BER (John Rudolph), a celebrated chemilf, 
born in Germany. After palling a confiderable time in 
travel, he I'ettled at Amlferdam about the middle of 
the feventeenth ceiifury. He wrote a number of works, 
molfly iiifecfed with the unintelligible theory of the 
hermetic philofophy ; yet containing lome ul'eful fadts 
in true chemilfry, and fome procelfes of his own inven¬ 
tion. His name is perpetuated by the purgative neutral 
fait, called Glauber’s, compofed of the vitriolic acid and 
foflil fixed alkali. Of his works an abridged colleffion 
was made in German, which was traiillated into Englilli 
in ifrSy; but they are now molfly conligned to oblivion. 
Glauber’s Salts. See the article Chemistry, 
vol. iv. p. 228, 231, and 246. 
GLAU'CHA, or Glauchau', a town of Germany, 
in the circle of Upper Saxony, and lordlhip of Sciion- 
burg, on the Mulda ; containing about 600 houfes; the 
inhabitants are^engaged in nianufaifures of ft'iiff's ; forty- 
fix miles weft of Drefdeii, and fix north of Zwickau 
Lat, 50.43,N. Ion. 30.16. E. Ferro. 
GLAU'CHE, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Lower Saxony, and duchy of Magdeburg, joining to 
the town of Halle, but governed by its proper magif. 
trates. Here are four fthools or feniinaries, in which 
4 ' the 
