6ia G L E 
•feem to liave a better opinion of this Iierb t'lian oiiry. 
•It is fo common under Iiedges^, on banks, in woods, and 
fometimes in dry paflnres, tliat it is never cultivated in 
-gardens. It varies in fize, as well as the degree of co- 
jour in the fiower, according to its fituation. The 
flowers appear in April, May, and June. Tliunberg 
cbfervcd it in Japan. 
A plant fo comnton, and fo much efleemed by the 
multitude, has of courfe many names. To fuch as are 
.given above we may add thofc of cal’s-foot, hay-maids, 
and 'Rdbin-run-in-the-hedge. In German it is gundelre- 
L:n, gwidermann, grundermann, gundelrab, gundobe, grun- 
.drebf, giaiderlunze, dontierrebe, erdcpheu, erdenkranzkin, meer- 
jjmrzd ■, \n'Dntc'n, aardveil, hondfdraf, cndtrhave\ in Da- 
iiiHi, vedbende \ in QvisA\n\, jordrcjt'ot •, in Italian, e//cra 
Urrrftre ; in Spanifli, hiedra terrejlre. 
GLECO'MA, f. See Glechoma and Stachys. 
GLKDE, f. [j^liba^libe, Sax.] A kind of hawk. 
■—Ye lhall not eat the gledc, the kite, and the vulture. 
J)eut, xiv. 13. 
GLRD'ITSCH (John Gottlieb), an eminent botanid, 
born in 1714 at Leipfic, where his father was a mufician. 
Having completed hisftudies when profelfor Hebenftreet 
let out on his travels to Africa, Gleditfch undertook 
tile Care of the botanical garden, and made fevcral bo. 
tanical excurfions into the Harz and Thuringian forells. 
He afterw'ards repaired for improvement to Annaberg, 
and Berlin. Frederic-William 1 . recommended him to 
iVI. von Zeithen, of whofe garden at Trebnitz he gave 
a defeription, in 1736. In 1740 he obtained the degree 
■ot M.D.'at Frankfort on the Oder, where he fettled, 
and read lectures on botany, phyfiology, and the ma¬ 
teria medica. In the courfe of his botanical excurlions 
to the Thuringian fored, he formed an acquaintance 
with Erned-Augudus, duke of Saxe Weimar, with 
whom he redded fomc time; and who od'ered to ap¬ 
point him his phydeian with, a handfome falary ; but 
tin’s od’er he declined, in confequence of being invited 
to become a member of the revived academy of fciences 
at Berlin, and to become botanill to tlie fociety. In 
1740 he v.'as made fecond profedbr in the anatomical 
theatre, and director of the botanical gxirden. Fie was 
alfo invited to St. Peterflnirg, with the oifer of a large 
fal.iry ; but Frederic the Great retained him by adding 
two hundred dollars to his income. Being ordered, by 
royal command, to read lectures on the care and ma¬ 
nagement of forells, he rvas the fird who laid the foun¬ 
dation for a complete fyflem.on tliis important fubject. 
He died of a diforder of the bread on the 5th of Octo¬ 
ber, 1786, in the feventy-third year of his age. Gle¬ 
ditfch was of great fervice to his country by the atten¬ 
tion he paid to the economy of forefts ; and it may 
truly be faid that, in this refpedl, he was to Branden¬ 
burg what the great Linnaeus was to Sweden. Flis 
works are, i. Dijfertatio dc Methodo Botanica dubio & Jallaci, 
Virtutum in Plantis Indice, Francof. ad Viadr. 1742, 410. 
2. De Fuco Snbglub(^o fejjili ^ molli, in Marchia reperiundo, 
Berol. 1743, 4to. 3. Methodus Fungorum, exhibens Genera, 
St>ecies, (d Varietates, cum Characlcre, Differentia fpecifica, 
Synortimis, Solo, Loco, & Ohjervationibus, Berol. 1753', 8vo. 
4. Experiemite circa Qcneralionem Fungorum, in the Tranf- 
adtions of the Royal Academy of Sciences at Berlin, 
■* 749 ' S- Abhandlung von Vertilgung der Zughevfchrtken ■, 
or. An Effay on the Means of extirpating the migratory 
Locuds ; Berlin, 1754, 8vo. 6. De Locnjlis Orientalibus, 
quarum Agniina Itinera injlitmint, & 1750 Marchiani Brandenb. 
devajlarunt, in the Tranfadtions of the Academy of Ber- 
lin, 1752. 7. Syjlema Plantarum in Confideratione Situs & 
Nexus Stamin'iim fundatum, in the fame, 1749. 8. Ver- 
mijehte Phyjicalijch.hotanijch-dconomijchc Ab/iandliingen ; or, 
Mifcellaneoiis Pliyfical, Botanical, and Economical, 
Effays; Halle, 1765, 1766, 1767, three parts, 8vo. 9. 
Vermifclite Bemerkungen, &c. or, Mil'celhineous Obferva- 
tions in regard to Medicine, Botany, and Economy ; 
i-eipfic, 1768, Svo, JO. Alpkabetifches Verzeichnifs der 
G L E 
GdU’b'hnlkhJlen Arzneygewdenfe, &c. An alphabetical Cata« 
logue of thofe Plants commonly ufed in Medicine ; 
Berlin, 1769, Svo. it. PJlanztn Verzeichnifs, I 3 c. A Ca¬ 
talogue of Plants, Trees, and Shrubs, cultivated in 
public or private Gardens, for botanical, phyfical, and 
economical Purpofes ; Berlin, 1773, 8vo. 12. Syjlema- 
tijchc Einleitung, &c. A fyfteniatic Introdpdtion to the 
Art of managing Foreds, deduced from phyficai and eco¬ 
nomical Principles; ibid. 1774, 1775, 2 vols. 13. Be- 
traebtung iiher die Bfchaffenhcit dcs Bicncnjlandes, in der Math 
Brandenburg, &c. Confiderations on the State of’Becs 
in the Maicii of Brandenburg ; together witli a Cata¬ 
logue of thofe Plants from which Bees colleCl their 
Honey and Wax ; Riga and Miet.tii, 17^9, 8vo. 14. 
Einleitung in die Wffenfchafl der rohen tend tinfachen Arzney- 
mittel, &c. IntroduCfion to the Knowledge of crude 
and ilmple Medicines ; Berlin, 1778, 1779. 15. Fhyff 
calfchc-dcononiifche Beirachtung ilhtr den Heidebcdcn, (dc. or, 
Economico-pliylical Confiderations on the Ffeaths in 
the March of Br.mdenbnrg ; Berlin and Leipfic, 1782, 
Svo. After his death the following work, found in 
manufeript, was publiflied by Dr. Luders of Flaicl- 
berg : 16. Botanica Medica ; or. An Account of the me¬ 
dical Virtues of the principal Indigenous Plants; Ber¬ 
lin, 17S8, 1789, tw’O parts, Svo. 
GLEDIT'SIA, y. [fo named by Linnatiis in honour 
of 7 - Gottlieb Gleditfch, juft mer.tioned.] In botan}’, a ge¬ 
nus of the clafs polygamia, order dioecia, natural order 
lomentacete, (leguminofie, JuJf.) The generic cha- 
radfers are—I. iVIalc, a long, compadl, cylindric, ament. 
Caly.x ; perianthium proper three-leaved, (three-cleft, 
Gartner-,) leaflets patulous, fmall, acute. Corolla: 
petals three) roundifh, feflile, patulous, like the calyx ; 
nedfary turbinate, with the otlier parts of the friidtifi- 
cation growing to the mouth. Stamina: filair.ents fix, 
filiform, longer than the corolla ; antherae incumbent, 
oblong, coinprelfcd, twin.—II. IFennaplirodite in the 
fame ament with the males, ufnally terminating. Ca¬ 
lyx : perianthium four-cleft, otherwife as in the male. 
Corolla : petals four, otherwife as in the male ; nec¬ 
tary as in the male. Stamina : as in the male, Pif- 
tillum, Pericarpium, and Seed : as in the female.—• 
III. Female, a lax ament, on a diftindt plant. Calyx : 
perianthium proper as in the male, but five-leaved, 
(five-cleft, Gartner.) Corolla : petals five, long, fliarp, 
from upright fpreading ; nedcaries two, fhort, like fila¬ 
ments. Piftillnm : germ broad, flatted, longer than the 
corolla ; ftyle fiiort, reflex ; ftignui thick, the length of 
the ftyle, along which it grows, pubefeent at the top. 
Pericarpium : legume very large, broad, extremely 
flatted, divided by fevcral tranfverfe partitions, and 
filled with pulp. Seeds: folitary, roundifh, hard, fliin- 
ing.— Efferitial CharaBer. Hermaphrodite : caly-x, four- 
cleft; 'corolla, four-petalled ; ftamina, fix; piftillnm, 
one. Male: calyx, tliree-leaved ; corolla, three-petal- 
led; ftamina, fix. F'emale: calyx, five leaved ; corol¬ 
la, five-petalled ; pifiillum, one ; legume. 
Gleditfia triacanthos, a fingle fpecies, with three va¬ 
rieties. a,. G. polyfperma, or tliree-thorned acacia : 
legumes with many feeds ; leaflets linear-oblong. This 
tree is common in moft parts of North America, where 
it is known by the name of honey locift ; it is called by 
the gardeners here three-thorned acacia. It riles with an 
eredt trunk to the height of thirty or forty feet, and is 
armed with long fpines, three or four inches long, 
which have two or three fmaller ones coming out from 
fhe fide, and are frequently produced in clufters at the 
knots of the Item ; leaves bipianate, compofed of ten 
pairs of leaflets, of a lucid green and feffile ; the flow- 
ers come out from the fide of the young branches, and 
being of an herbaceous colour, make no figure ; legume 
near a foot and half long, and two inches broad ; feeds 
Imt^oth, liirroundad by a Iweet puip. The leaves fel- 
dom come out till June in this country, and the flowers 
not till the end of July. This tree does not produce 
a;ty 
