G N A P H 
naf>.] In botany, a genus of the clafs fyngenefia, otder 
yolyganiia fuperflua, natural order coinpofitx difcoi- 
dea;,"(coryiTibiferae, Jujf .) The generic charadlers are— 
Calyx ; comirion rounded, imbricate, with the marginal 
fcales rounded, fcariofe, coloured. Corolla; com¬ 
pound ; corollets hermapltrodite, tubular, with apeta- 
lous females fometimes intermixt; hermaphrodites fun¬ 
nel-form, with a five-cleft reflex border. Stamina : (in 
the hermaphrodites,) filaments five, capillary, very 
fhort ; anther cylindric, tubulous. Piftillum : germ 
ovate; fiyle filiform, the length of theftamens; ftigma 
bifid ; in the females, reflex. Pericarpium : none ; 
calyx permanent, fiiining. Seeds; folitary, oblong, 
fmall, crowned with a capillary or feathered down. 
Receptaculum : naked.— Ejfential CkaraEler. Calyx, im¬ 
bricate, with the marginal fcales rounded, fcariofe, co¬ 
loured ; down, feathered (orfimple); receptacle, naked. 
Species. I. Shrubby, with white flowers, i. Gna- 
phalium eximium, or choice gnaphalium : leaves fef- 
file, ovate, crowded, upright, tomentofe; corymb fef- 
lile. The numerous fpecies of this genus are either 
underflirubs or herbs : the leaves are placed alternately, 
and are for the moft part hoary : the flowers ufually 
terminate the ftem and : ranches in globes or corymbs : 
the ca’yx is permanent, with yellow or white fcales. 
The Filagos arc fcarceiy diftiitSl from the Gnaphaliums, 
coiifidereJ as a na'ur:u genus. The firft fpecies has a 
ftem tl;e hicknefs of a finger, and tomentofe; leaves 
ftiarpifi., witltout veins, wiiite, \'i;h nap on both Tides; 
flowers globular, wi'h lyxes as large as the outer 
joint of a finger, confirii:. of imbricate, roundifh, fca¬ 
riofe, concave, cbtule, imooth, purplifii, fcales. Na¬ 
tive of the Cape of Good Hope. 
2. Gnaphalium aiboreum, or tree everlafting : leaves 
fefiile, linear, fmooih on the upper furface, rolled back 
along the edge ; flowers in a kind of head on elongate 
peduncles. This is a flirub the height of a man, deter- 
ininately branched ; leaves refembling thole of rofe- 
mary, crowded, ftridl, acute, naked, underneath tomen¬ 
tofe, as are alfo the branches ; with fmaller leaves al¬ 
ternate, remote. It flowers moft part of the year, and 
was introduced in 1770, by Mr. William Malcolm. 
Native of the Cape. 
3. Gnaphalium grandiflorum, or great-flowered ever¬ 
lafting ; leaves ftem-clafping, ovate, three-nerved, la- 
miginous on both Tides. 4. Gnaphalium fruticans, or 
fruiting gnaphalium : leaves ovate, ftem-clafping; Item 
rigid ; cyme Teflile. 5. Gnaphalium crifputn, or crilped 
gnaphalium : leaves tomentofe underneath, fcabrous 
above ; root-leaves petioled, oblong ; ftem-leaves em¬ 
bracing, waved. 6. Gnaphalium appendiculatum, or 
appendiculated gnaphalium ; leaves felfile, imbricate, 
lanceolate, woolly, appendicled at the tip with a Ica- 
riofe membrane. 7. Gnaphalium coronatum, or crowned 
gnaphalium : leaves fefiile, lanceolate ; corymbs com¬ 
pound, fefiile ; peduncles leaflefs ; calyxes crowned. 
S. Gnaphalium difcolorum, or coloured gnaphalium : 
leaves fefiile, lanceolate ; calyxes white ; lower fcales 
flefii-coloured. 9. Gnaphalium muricatum, or prickly 
gnaphalium ; leaves fubulate, mucronate ; umbel com¬ 
pound ; calyxes cylindric, containing about three 
flowers. 10. Gnaphalium ericoides, or heath-leaved 
everlafting ; leaves fefiile, linear ; outer calyxes rude ; 
inner flefii-coloured. ii. Gnaphalium teretifolium, or 
crowded everlafting : leaves crowded, almoft columnar; 
corymbs branched ; calyxes ferruginous on the outfide. 
II. Shrubby, with yellow flowers. 12. Gnaphalium 
mncronatum, or pointed everlafting : leaves fubulate, 
mucronate ; calycine fcales roundifh. This, and all 
the foregoing fpecies, are natives of /the Cape of Good 
Hope. 
13. Gnaphalium ftoechas, or common fhrubby ever¬ 
lafting : leaves linear; corymb compound; branches 
wandlike. Stem about three feet high, with long fien- 
der irregular branches, the lower ones having blunt 
A L I U M. 
leaves, two inches and a half long, and an eighth of .an 
inch broad .at the end ; thofe on the flower-ftalks are 
very narrow, and end in acute points ; the wliole plant 
is very woolly ; flowers terminating in a compound co¬ 
rymb ; calyxes at firit filvery, but turning to a yellow 
fulphur-colour. If they are gathered before the flowers 
are much opened, the lieads wdll continue in beauty 
many years, if kept from air and daft. According to 
Haller, all the flowers are androgynous ; and have been 
formerly recommended as attenuants, difcutienls, and 
diaphoretics, but are not ufed in mod..^i prattice. 
Native of Germany, France, Spain, and Iftria. By old 
writers it is called gold-flower, God's-jlower, goldilockes, 
and golden Jloeckas: by Ray, narrow-leaved goldylocks, or 
cajjidony. 
14. Gnaphalium ignefeens, or red-flowered everlaft¬ 
ing : leaves fublanceolate, tomentofe, fefiile ; corymbs 
alternate, conglobate; flowers globular. Stem and 
leaves woolly ; the former a foot high, fending out a 
few fide branches, terminated by a compound corymb, 
the heads of which are fmall, of a gold colour, chang¬ 
ing to red as they fade. Native place of growth not 
known. It was cultivated in 1768, by Mr. Miller. 
15. Gnaphalium dentatum, or toothed everlafting ; 
leaves wedge-fiiaped, toothed fefiile ; corymb fimpie. 
The w’hole plant is hoary ; branches fcarceiy a fpan 
long, and round ; leaves blunt at the top, and tliree- 
toothed, thick, and veined ; flowers at the ends of the 
branchlets, few, fmall, fiiining, in oblong heads. 
16. Gnaphalium ferratum, or lerrated everlafting: 
leaves ftem-clafping' lanceolate, lerrate, naked on the 
upper furface. This is an elegant plant, I'uftVuticofe, 
foft and filky, yellow, much branched, with procum¬ 
bent, fimpie, pubefeent, runners ; leaves very frequent, 
foft, entire, yellow ; flowers terminating, very many, 
in a clofe compaCb head, each on fiiort pedicels. 
17. Gnaphalium patulum, or fpreading everlafting : 
leaves ftem-clafping, fpatulate ; corymbs aggregate ; 
branches fpreading. Branches filiform, a foot or more 
in length, round, white-tomentofc, patulous, fomewhat 
branched. Introduced in 1774 by Mr. Francis Mallbn. 
It flowers from Auguft to January. 
18. Gnaphalium petiolatum, or petiolated everlaft¬ 
ing: leaves ovate, quite entire, petioled; flowers 
crowded, terminating. Related very nearly to the 
foregoing, according to Linmeus, but it is not in his 
Herbarium. 
19. Gnaphalium crafiifolium, or thick-leaved ever¬ 
lafting : leaves broad-lanceolate, fubpetioled, leathery, 
tomentofe ; corymb compound; ftalk proliferous. Stem 
a foot high, proliferous-branched, perennial except the 
proliferous branch ^ leaves wider at the end, blunt, co¬ 
vered with a very thick down, fiiftifii, towards the 
flowers gradually narrower; flow'ers numerous; calyxes 
pale yellow; corollas of a deeper cqlour; the florets 
before they open appear white. Native of Majorca 
and Minorca. It flowers fronr July to September. 
20. Gnaphalium maritimum, or Tea everlafting : very 
much bfiinched ; leaves lanceolate, fefiile, fliarpifh; 
inmoft calycine fcales gold-coloured. A (lirub of four 
feet in height; the branches pubefeent; leaves alter¬ 
nate, fomewhat crowded, tomentofe, afii-coloured, when 
young very white ; flowers gold-coloured. It ditters 
from the foregoing, in having the leaves by no means 
narrowed at the bafe. It flov/ers from June to Auguft, 
21. Gnaphalium repens, or creeping everlafting: 
leaves linear; ftem creeping, ftraight ; branches up¬ 
right, very fimpie. Stem creeping, rooting, perennial, 
perfeftly fimpie, filiform, angular, four feet high; 
branches alternate, two inches in length, bearing both 
leaves and flowers ; flowers yellowifti, the lize of hemp 
feeds. 
22. Gnaphalium umbellatum, or umbellated ever¬ 
lafting : leaves in bunches, fubulate, twifted ; umbels 
fimpie, terminating, fefiile. In the herb this bears a 
ftrong 
