G N A r II A L I U M. 
tninatcd by a corymb of flowers, whicli have large (li¬ 
very calyxes, that will retain their beauty Ibveral years. 
Native of the C ipe. It varies with goldon calyxes. 
38. Gnaphaliuni andulatmn, or waved everlafling : 
leaves (ubdecurrent, lanceolate, waved, acute, tomcn- 
tole underneath ; (laik branched. Annual; firms about 
a foot high. 'I'he whole plant has a difagreeal'le odour. 
‘Tlie flowers in a terminating corymb ; tiiey are white, 
and appear in July. Native of tlie Cape of Good 
Hope, and alio of North America. 
39. Gnaplialium Americanum, or American ever- 
lafting : root-leaves lingulate-lanceolate, fnow-white 
beneath ; ft.dk (impie, upright, tomentofe ; flowers 
fpiked and lateral, felfile, crowded. Annual ; feldom 
riles above (lx or nine inches in lieight; flowers ycllow- 
ifh, and difpofed pretty thick about the top. of the 
(talk, vvliich puts on the appearance of a Ihorter fpike. 
Nati voof Jamaica, in the coldelf mountains of Ligtianea. 
40. Gnaplialium crifpum, or curled everlafting : 
leaves ftem-clafping, fpalulate, tomentofe ; calyxes 
very obtufe, plaited and waved, tomentofe at the bafe. 
41. Gnaplialium heliantliemifolium, or dwarf-cilhis 
leaved cverlafling : leaves fomewhat ftem-clafping, lan¬ 
ceolate ; corymbs compaund ; calycine fcales fomc- 
vvhat plaited. 42. Gnaplialium (quarrofuni, or fqiiare 
cverlafling: leaves feflile, tongue-fliaped, tomentofe; 
the inner calycine fcales fubulate, and bowed back. 
43. Gnaphaliuni flellatuni, or flarry everlafting : le.aves 
Iciille, lanceolate, villofe ; calyxes acute, llelh-coloured 
on the outftde. Natives of the Cape. 
44. Gnaphalium obtufifolium, or blunt-leaved ever- 
lafting : leaves lanceolate ; ftalk tomentofe, panicled ; 
flowers glomerate, conical, terminating. This is an 
annual plant, with woolly obtufe leaves ; ftems fuigle, 
about nine inches high ; flowers in fpikes from the fide 
of the ftalks, of a dirty wiiite-colour. Native of Vir¬ 
ginia, Pennfylvania, and New England. 
45. Gnaphalium margaritaceum, American evcrlaft- 
ing, or cudweed : leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 
alternate; ftalk branclied at the top; corymbs fafti- 
giate. Root perennial creeping, and fpreading far, fo 
as to become a troublefbme weed ; ftalks extremely 
downy, white; leaves numerous, long, feflile, growing 
without order round the ftem, entire at the edges, dark 
green, naked above, beneath covered with a thick down, 
and whitifh ; the flowering branches form a broad*fiat 
bunch ; each branch contains numerous crowded heads, 
on fhort, branched, downy, peduncles, but the middle 
ones feflile; fcales of tlie calyx bluntly ovate, white, 
not downy ; feed crowned with a leffile feather of few 
Ample rays, as long as the calyx. Haller fays that tlie 
flowers are all iiermaphrodite, but afterwards adds, 
that a few females are fometimes intermixed with them. 
Native of North America, where it'grows in vaft quan¬ 
tities in uncultivated fields, glades, hills, SiC. and is 
called life everlajling ; becaiife the filvery heads, pro¬ 
perly diied, will keep their beauty long without chang¬ 
ing. It is alfo found in Kamtfchatka : and with us in 
England ; having been obferved near Booking in Elfex 
by Mr. Dale ; and on the banks of Ryniny river, for 
the fpace of tv/elve miles, by Mr. Lhwyd. None of 
our old hcrbalifts mention its being found wiid in this 
ifland, but it has been long known in our gardens. It 
flowers from July to September. A decobtion of the 
flowers and ftalks is ufed in America, to foment the 
limbs for pains and bruifes. 
46. Gnaphalium plantagineum, or plantain-leaved 
everlafting: runners procumbent; ftalk very fimple ; 
root-leaves ovate, very large. Perennial ; from the 
main ftalk come out runners, which take root in the 
ground ; ftem-leaves narrower, woolly^ alternate; flow¬ 
ers in a terminating-corymb, white and fmall, appearing 
in June and July. Native of North America. Lin- 
na;us obferves, that it has altogether the air of the fore- 
Vo l. Vil 1. No. 532. 
637 
going. He had feen only the female, and doubted 
whether it might not be a variety only of the next 
fpecies. 
47. Gnaphalium d.ioicum, mountain everlafting, cud¬ 
weed, or cat’s-foot: runners procumbent ; ftalk quite 
fimple; corymb fimple ; flow'ers div'lclcd. Root woody, 
bi-own, flrikes deep, throwing out a few rigid fibres; 
from, tlie cro\vn arife feveral creeping runners; ftems 
erett, fimple, from two or tliree to fix or (even inches 
iiigh, white, downy, clothed with numerous fcmi-ain- 
plexicaul linear leaves, green above, white and downy 
beneath ; flowering heads three to eight crown tlie ftem 
in a dole bunch, on fhort peduncles ; fcales of the ca¬ 
lyx blunt, tlie outer ones fhort, green covered with 
down, the inner widening upw'ards, long, fmooth, white, 
fliining, frequently tinged with p\irple; the calyxes 
bearing female flowers are cylindrical ; the feed fliort, 
crowned by a felTile down with limple rays, longer than 
tlie calyx. The calyxes bearing Iiermaphrodite flowers 
are globular, (liorter, and the feather does not exceed 
the calyx. Haller fufpebts that the hermaphrodite 
flowers are barren. It is rare that any ripe feed is pro¬ 
duced, fuch being tlie cafe with many plants that creep 
by tiie roots. Tlie female heads often have iniperfebl 
feeds ; the hermaphrodites none at all. Native (,f nioft 
parts of Europe, on open downs: with us on Newmar¬ 
ket lieatli and Gogmagog liills, Canliani heath near 
Bury, Swaffham and Stratton lieatiis in Norfolk, in 
Cornwall, Wales, on Bernack and Wittering heatlis, in 
tlie northern counties, and Scotland; flowering in May 
and June. 
48. Gnaphalium alpinum, or alpine everlafting : run¬ 
ners procumbent; ftalk quite fimple; head leaflefs; 
flowers oblong. Root perennial ; ftalk entirely fimple, 
ftiorter than a finger, with three or four lanceolate 
leaves. Linnxus obferved only the female flowers, 
and doubts whether it may not be a variety of Gn. dioi. 
cum. I'lie colour of the flower is by no means fliining 
in this ; otiierwife it has the appearance of the fore¬ 
going, tlie fize, ftalks, flowers, and runners ; but the 
leaves are narrower, the calycine fcales lanceolate, vil¬ 
lofe at tlie bale, brown at the tip and edge. Native of 
the Lapland Alps, and of Swifferland. 
49. Gnaphalium Indicum, or Indian everlafting : 
leaves lanceolate; ftalk very much branched, dift'iifed; 
corymbs unequal; calyx-es coloured within. Perennial ; 
ftalk half a foot high, tomentofe. Native of the Eaft 
Indies, and Cochinchina. 
50. Gnaplialium purpureum, or purple everlafting; 
leaves lanceolate, naked ; ftalk eredf, quite fimple ; 
flowers in lateral feflile fpikes. Annual ; ftalks from a 
fpan to a foot in height, fometimes upright and un¬ 
branched, fometimes reclining and putiing out a few 
branches, (lender, tomentofe ; leaves from green be¬ 
coming hoary ; thofe next tlie root broader, and waved 
about the edge, quickly drying away ; ftalk-leaves nar¬ 
rower, til! they become linear among the flowei-s, the 
heads of which are fhort and purplifli. It flowers in 
fummer and autumn. Native of Carolina and Virginia. 
Cultivated in the Eitliam garden before 1732. 
51. Gnaplialium denudatum, or bare everlafting: 
leaves fpatulatc ; underneath I’nowy white, tomentole ; 
fmooth and even abo'v'e. Native of the Cape of Good 
Hope. 
V. Refembling Filago ; herbaceous. 52. GnaphaH- 
iim fylvaticLim, wood everlafting, Englifii or upright 
cudweed : ftalk quite, fimple, upright j (lowers (cat- 
tered. I'liis is a biennial plant. In woods one ftem 
from twelve to eighteen inches high, generally grows 
from the root. In open grciund, tiie rooi-leavcs iorni a 
thick tuft, and from among them arife f'evefai ihorter 
ftems, fometimes not more than three indies high, at 
iirft often declining, but very foon afeending ; root, 
leaves lon.g,. of a very narrow Unear-lanccolate form, 
7 Z , green 
