G N A 
6.33 
green and hairy above, wliite and thickly downy be¬ 
neath ; flowers in a-long fpike, compofed of very fhort 
branches, bearing from one to five or more flowers; 
the lower brandies fomewhat diftant, the upper ciow'd- 
ed ; beneath each a leaf, fimilar to, but fnialler than, 
tlie fiem-leaves ; flo\?-ering heads very fmall ; fcales of 
tlie calyx bluntly oval, greenifli at tlie bafe, ydlowifh- 
brown upwards, fmooth with fliining margiris; exterior 
fiiort, interior as long as the florets; feeds minute, 
crowned with a fefiile feather, having fimple rays as 
long as the calyx ; female flowers numerous ; herma¬ 
phrodites four or five. Native of moft parts of Eu¬ 
rope : in Britain it has beenobferved in Norwood, Sur¬ 
rey ; on Hampftead heath, and in the woods there¬ 
abouts ; near Charlton; about Harefield ; in Gamlin- 
gay park, Cambridgefliire ; in Armingdale wood near 
^Norwich ; on Nafijby field, and Thorp-Malfof, in Nor- 
thamptonfhire; in rough paftures near Fladbury in 
Worcefierfhire ; on a fandy heath, a mile from Shiff'- 
nall, on the road to Wolverhampton; on the banks of 
the canal in tlie parifli of Cofely, Warwickfliire ; on 
the great ifland in Winander-mere ; and on the iflands 
of Scotland. It flowers in Augufi. 
53. Gnaphalium fpicatum, or fpiked everlafting : 
Hems herbaceous, quite fimple; flov^rs in whorls; 
leaves in bundles, linear, revolute. Stems feveral, 
afcending, a finger’s length, fmooth, covered with leaves 
and flowers. Native of Egypt. 
54. Gnaphalium vcrticillatuni, or whorled everlafi- 
ing : fialk quite fimple ; flowers in whorls ; leaves li¬ 
near. 55. Gnaphalium oculus cati, or cat’s-eye ever- 
lafiing ; fialk proftrate; leaves ovate; flowers glome- 
r.ite, terminating, extremely villofe. 56. Gnaphalium 
pilofellum, or bald cverlafiing: leaves lanceolate, five- 
nerved, tomentofe underneath; fialk naked; flowers 
in heads. 57. Gnaphalium declinatum, or creeping 
everlafting : leaves linear-lanceolate ; the calyxes with 
a white lanceolate ray. 58. Gnaphalium coronatum, 
or rayed everlafting : leaves lanceolate ; calyxes with a 
manifold roundilh ray. Natives of tlie Cape. 
59. Gnaphalium liipinum, or dwarf everlafting or 
cudweed : fialk fimple, procumbent; flowers fcattered. 
T. his refembles Gn. lylvaticum very much, but if is 
low, and the fialk is decumbent whilfi the plant is in 
flower. Perennial ; root-leaves in tufts, half or three 
quarters of an inch long, narrow, linear-lanceolate, 
flightly hairy above, downy beneath, but greenilh ; ftem 
two or three inches high, with two or three longer and 
narrower fefiile leaves ; feeds elliptical, crowned w ith a 
fefiile down, having fimple rays as long as the florets, 
and longer than the calyx ; the florets are mofily fe¬ 
male, but a few in the centre of the ditk are lierma- 
plirodites. Native of the Svvifs and Italian Alps; and 
the tops of the highland mountains in Scotland ; found 
on Ben Lomond, by Dr. J. E. Smith; and five miles 
from Fort George, on the weft fide of the road to Aberr 
deen. It flowers in July and Augufi. 
60. Gnaphalium uliginofum, or marfh everlafting or 
cudweed: fialk branched, difiuled; flowers crowded, 
terminating. Annual; Item from three or four to feven 
or eight inches and even more, upright, covered with 
thick white down, and much branched ; branches 
fpreading, lower ones often procumbent, clothed with 
numerous leaves, particularly towards the lummit, and 
thefe thickelt and moft dpwny ; leaves elliptical, ta¬ 
pering into a long footftalk, llightly downy and greenifii 
above, more fo and whitilh beneath : the ends of the 
branches are crowded with numerous heads of nearly 
fefiile flowers; fcales of the calyx lanceolate, fmooth, 
brown, Ihining ; when old, blackith, almoft; hid in the 
down ; feather fefiile, with few limple rays as long as 
the calyx. Native of the greater part of Europe, in 
marlliy places, efpecially where water Magnates in win¬ 
ter. It flowers in Augufi,. 
G N A 
61. Gnaphalium glomeratum, or clufter-flow'ered 
everlafting : fialk diflhifed ; inner fcales of the calyxes 
fubulate and naked ; leaves fomewhat ftem-clafping. 
Annual ; heads leafy ; branches higher than the fialk, 
Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 
VI. New fpecies. 62. Gnaphalium Japonicum, or 
Japanefe gnaphalium: herbaceous; upright; leaves 
linear-fword-fiiaped, fnowy-white underneath ; heads 
terminating. Root fafcicled, with fmall fibres, annual; 
ftalks one or two. Ample, naked at the top, wdiite with 
down, a fpan and half in height; root-leaves very many', 
draw’n to a point below, fharp, entire, lax, often reflex, 
a palm in length and half a line in breadth ; fiem-leaves 
fefiile, upright, Ihorter ; flowers on the fialk terminat¬ 
ing, glomerate, felTile, purplifli ; the heads the fize of a 
large pea. Native of Japan ; flowering in Augufi. 
63. Gnaphalium trinerve, or three-nerved everlaft¬ 
ing: fiirubby ; leaves fefiile, lanceolate, three-nerved, 
filvery-white underneath ; panicle corymbed, termi¬ 
nating, loofe. 64. Gnaphalium lanatum, or woolly 
gnaphalium : herbaceous, woolly; leaveslinear-oblongv 
callous-mucronate at the tip ; corymb contradled ; ftalk 
very fimple. 65. Gnaphalium involucratum, or co¬ 
vered gnaphalium: herbaceous; leaves linear, elon¬ 
gate, nuicronate, tomentofe underneath ; head termi¬ 
nating, leafy. Natives of New Zealand. 
66 . Gnaphalium finuatum, or finuated gnaphalium t 
herbaceous ; branches alfurgent; leaves ovate-lanceo¬ 
late, finuate, toothed, hairy on both fides. Stem four 
feet high, fimple, ere6t ; leaves large, alternate ; flow¬ 
ers yellow, in terminating eredt panicles, the marginal 
fcales of the calyx being red and membranaceous. 
Native of Cochinchina. 
Propagation and Culture. The tender forts, fuch as all 
thofe from the Cape, &c. i to 12, 15 to 24, 27 to 31, 
33 to 3 S> 37 to 43, 51, 53 to 38, 61 to 66, Oriental ever- 
lafiing, See. may be increafed by flipping off the heads, 
or by cuttings, during any of the fummer months j 
they fhould be planted in a bed of light earth, or in 
pots in a gentle hot-bed, and covered with hand-glafles, 
or fiiaded witli mats, obferving to refrefli them fre¬ 
quently with water in fmall quantities ; thefe cuttings 
v/ill put out roots in fix or eight v/eeks, then plant 
them in pots filled with light earth, and place them in 
a Ihady fituation till they have taken new root, when 
they may be removed to an open fituation, and' placed 
among other hardy exotics, till the middle or end of 
Odiober; at which time they fiiould be placed under a 
common frame, where they may be protected from fro ft, 
but in mild weather they fho'uld be expoled to the open 
air. N° 13, 14, 23, and 36, are io hardy, as in very 
mild winters to live abroad in warm borders near walls, 
with little ftielter. The Jerfey everlafting, N° 32, and 
fome others, will come up better from fcattered feeds, 
than when they are fown by art; but if the feeds are 
fown, it mufi be foon after they are ripe. The plaints 
require only to be kept cletm from weeds, and to be 
thinned where they are too clofe. N° 43 and 46 will 
thrive in almoft any foil and fituation, and are ealily 
propagated by their creeping roots. As to the common 
European forts, if the feeds are permitted to Icatter, 
the plants will come up in the fpring, with greater cer- 
taii'.ty than if they were fown ; but they are rather re¬ 
garded as weeds than as garden plants. See Athana- 
SIA, CONYZA, FiLACO, MfCROEUS, SERSPHIUM, 
Stoebe, and St^hehna. 
GNAPIIALOrDES, /. See Gnaphalium. 
GNAR,y'. [Anorrr, Teut. } A hard knot in a tree. 
To GNAR, orGNARL, v.n. [gnyjiyian. Sax, knorreUy 
Dut.] To growl ; to murmur ; to Inarl : 
Thus is the fiiepherd beaten from thy flue. 
And wolves are gnarling who Ihall gnaw thee firfi. Shak^^ 
GNARL'ED, adj. [gnarj nar^ or nurr, is in Staftbrd- 
fiuv.e 
