G N E 
fiiire ahard knot of wood whicli boys drive with flicks.'] 
Knotty : 
Merciful heav’n ! 
Tliou rather with thy (harp an 4 fulph’rous bolt 
Split’fl the unwedgable and gnarled oak, 
Than the foft myrtle. Shakefpeare. 
To GNASH, v.a. {^knafehen, Dot. to gnaw.] Toflrike 
together ; to clafli: 
The feer, who could not yet this wrath aflwage. 
Row’d his green eyes, that fparkled'with Ids rage, 
And gnajh'd his leetli. Dryden. 
To GNASH, V. n. To grind or collide the teeth.—He 
fliall gnajk with his teeth, and melt away. Pf. ciii. lo. 
.—There lliall be weeping and gnajhing of teeth. Matt. 
viii.—To rage even to collifion of the teeth ; to fume; 
to growl.—They gnajhed upon me with their teeth. 
Pf. XXXV. )6. 
With boiling rage Atrides burn’d. 
And foam betwixt his gnafiing grinders churn’d. Dryd. 
GNAT, f. fgnafc. Sax.] A fmall winged flinging 
infeef, for the natural liiflory of which fee tlte article 
CuLEX, vol. iv. p.461. 
Her whip of cricket’s bone, tlic lafli of film ; 
Her waggoner, a fmall grey-coated gnat. Shakefpeare. 
Any thing proverbially fmall.—Ye blind giudes, which 
Icrain at a gnat And (wallow a camel. Mat. xxiii. 24. 
GNAI'f'LOWER, y. A flower, oiherwife called 
the Jreeflower. SeeOPHRYS. 
GNA'inO,/! [Latin.] A flatterer; a parafite. AJh. 
GNAl HON'IC AL, adj. Playing the gnatho ; flat¬ 
tering; deceitful in words; foothing a perfon’s humour 
to get by him. Bailey. 
To GNA'ThUiNlbE, v.n. To play the gnatho; to 
flatter, &c. Bailey. 
GNAT I A, in ancient geography, a town of Apulia, 
about thirty miles from Braudtiflum, badly fupplied 
with water. Horatius. 
To GNAW, v.a. [jnagan. Sax. knaghen, Dut.] To 
eat by degrees; to devour by (low corroiion : 
A knowing fellow, that would gnatv a man 
Like to a vernune, with his helHlli braine. 
And many an honeft loule, even quick had (lain. Chapm. 
To bite in agony or rage.—They gnawed their tongues 
for pain. Rev.xv'x. lO. 
Alas, why gnaw you fo your nether lip >. 
Some bloody paflion (hakes your very frame. Shakefpeare. 
To wear away by biting ; 
Like rotten fi uit I fall, worn like a cloth, 
Gnawn into rags by the devouring moth. Sandys. 
To fret; to wafte ; to corrode. To pick with the 
teeth.—ids bones clean pick’d, his very bones they 
gnaw, Dryden. 
To GNAW, v.n. To exercife the teeth. It is now 
ufed actively.—f might well, like the I'paniel, gnaw 
upon the chain that ties me ; but I (hould fooaer mar 
my teeth than procure liberty. Sidney. 
I thought 1 faw a thoufand fearful wrecks, 
A thoufand men that gnaw'd upon. Shakefpeare^ 
GNAV/'ER,y. One I hat gnaws. 
GNE'IS, [. the Saxon term, often flill ufed, for a 
rock containing mica, lapis ollaris, and quartz. 
GNE'MON,y in botany. SccGnetum. 
GNE'SEN, cr Gnes'xo, a town of Poland, in the 
palatinate of Kalifch, and faid to be the moft ancient 
town in the couutty : founded in 550. In the year 1000 
it was erected into an archbidiopnc ; and at the council 
of Conflance the primate v/as declared primate of Po¬ 
land : one hundred miles horth-eafl of Brcllaup and one 
G N I 6j9 
hundred and fixty weft of Ciacow'. Lat. 52. 28. N. 
lon_. 35. 55. K. Ferro. 
GNETUM, y. in botany, a genus of the clafs mo- 
noecia, order monadelphia, natural order pqteritK, (ur- 
ticie, JuJf.) Tlie generic characters are—Ament of 
whorls remote, callous, thickened, propped underneath 
with a partial calycle : this is peltate, orbicular, fiat, 
quite entire, and contains fefiile flofcules ; the males at 
the bottom, the females above, in the fame whorl, 
I. Males. Calyx : fcale ovate, -minute, coloured. 
Corolla: none. Stamina: filament fingle, filiform, 
longer than the fcale ; antherre double, couiteCted.— 
II. Females. Calyx : fcale torn, rude. Corolla ; 
none. Piftillum : germ ovate, immerfed in the recep¬ 
tacle of the whorl, the length of the flainens ; ftyle 
conic, fiiort; fligma trifid, acute. Pericarpium : drupe 
ovate, one-celled. Seed: nut oblong, (freaked.— RJfen- 
tial CharaEler. Male: an ament with fcales ; corolla, 
none ; filament, one, with two anthers. Female : an 
ament with fcales; corolla, none; flyle, w'ith a bifid 
fligma ; drupe, with one feed. 
Gnetum gnemon, a fingle fpecies. Native of the 
Eaft Indies; where the leaves, male catkins, and fruits, 
are eaten, but not raw. Gnemon is the vernacular name 
in Ternate, &c. 
GNIAF'DA, a town of Hungary ; feven miles weft- 
fouth-we(t of PalotZ). 
GNI'DIA, y In botany, a genus of the clafs oClan- 
dria, order monogynia, natural order veprecula?, (thyme- 
\ex, JuJf.) The generic characters are—Calyx: peri- 
anthium one-leafed, funnel-form, coloured ; tube fili¬ 
form, very long ; border four-parted, flat. Corolla : 
petals four, fefiile, flat, (horter than the calyx, and in- 
ferted into it. Stamina : filaments eight, brifile-fiuiped, 
ereCl, almoft the length of the flower; antherm (iniple. 
Piflilltim : germ ovate ; ftyle filiform, inferted into the 
(ide of the germ, the length of the (famens ; ftigma ca¬ 
pitate, hifpid. Pericarpium : none ; fruit in the bot- 
toiu of the calyx. Seed; (ingle, ovate, obliquely ticute. 
It differs from Pafl’erina in the corolla only.— EJfential 
CharaEler. Calyx, funnel-form, four-cleft; petals, four, 
inferted into the calyx ; feed, one, fomewhat berried. 
Species, i. Gnidia pinifolia, orpine-leaved gnidia : 
leaves fcattered, linear ; floral leaves in whorls. Thefe 
are fhrubby plants, except the lafl ; and moitly natives 
of the Cape of Good Hope. The letives are oppofite 
only in one or two forts ; in the reft: they are fcattered. 
The firfl fpecies has a ftem three or four feet high, with 
a few fide-branches; leaves refemblitig thofe of rofe- 
mary ; the flowers come out almoft: in whorls from be. 
tween the leaves at the extremities of the brandies on 
fliort peduncles; calyx white; petals lanceolate, fhdrter 
than the calyx, white ; four of the ftamens are within, 
and four without, the tube. Cultivated by Mr. Miller 
in 1768. It varies with blue flowers. 
2. Gnidia radiata, or radiated gnidia : leaves fubulate, 
three-fided, ereCl ; heads terminatings fefiile, rad’iate ; 
braCtes lanceolate. 3. Gnidia fimplex, or flax-leaved 
gnidia : all the leaves linear, acute ; flowers terminat¬ 
ing, feflile. 4. Gnidia tomentofa, or rough gnidia : 
leaves fcattered, ovate-oblong, fmooth, fcabrous about 
the edge. 5.' Gnidia fericea, or filky gnidia: leaves 
ovate, tomentofe ; floral leaves in fours. Introduced 
in 1786 by Mr. Francis Mallon. 
6. Gnidia oppofitifolia, or oppofite-leaved gnidia ; 
leaves oppofite, lanceolate. The uppermofl leaves are 
blood red at the extremity. Cultivated in gardens, it 
acquires petals. F'lowers villole on the outlide ; fta¬ 
mens, betides the four callules above the throat, are 
four under the throat, and four in the middle of the 
tube. Introduced in 1788, by MaCTon. 
7. Gnidia capitata, or headed gnidia; leaves fcat¬ 
tered, lanceolate, Imooth ; flowers in heads fortified 
with brattes j peduncles naked. Stem fhrubby, with 
upCfight, 
