CjS G O R 
ferred to the archdeaconry of Gnefna,; made canon, and 
ai'chpriefl; of Cracow ; and vice-chancellor of the uni- 
verfity. He died in i <;85. Among other works he pnb- 
liihed, I. Animadverfwnes, feu Cnifivs in Theologos Wittember- 
genfes, SSc. i. De Ufu le^iitimo Euchariflee. 3. De Pajlore. 
4. De Eaptifmo Pradejlinatorum. 5. ViBoria Pcgis Stcphani. 
6 . PreejiantiJJimorum Polonorvm Epijlola, Lib. XXX. Sc. 
GORT, a town of Ireland, in tlie county of Galway: 
fixteen miles foutli-fouth-ealf cf Galway. 
GOR'TER (John, M.D.), memberofthe academy, 
of fciences at Peterfburgh, born in 1689, at Enkhuyfen 
in Well Friefland. In the early part of his life he 
learned furgery, but afterwards applied to polite litera¬ 
ture, and made fuch rapid progrefs, that in the courfe 
of fixteen months he was fit to enter on his academical 
fiudies, which he did at Leyden in 1709. He difputed 
feveral times, under the prefidency of Albinus, on phy- 
fiological and pathologicaWubjedls; and in 1712, alter 
defending a thells De OhJlruElione, obtained the degree of 
doftor of medicine. He then returned to his native 
place, where he pradtil'ed as a phyfician, and on the 
death of Van Moor was invited, in 1725, to Hardrrwyk, 
to be public lefturer on medicine, and town phylician. 
After remaining in this fituation twenty-nine years, he 
was invited to Ruflla, with his fon David, to be one of 
the imperial phylicians at Peterfburgh, to which he re¬ 
paired in 1754; but he returned to Holland in 1758, and 
died in 1762. His principal works are, i. TraEiatus de 
Perjpiratione injenfibili SanQoriana Batavia, Leyden, 1725, 
4to. mm jig. 2. De Secretione Humormn e Sanguine, ex Soli- 
dorum Fahrica pracipue & Humorum Indole demonjirata, ibid. 
1727, 4to. 3. Compendium Medicinie : Pars I. De Morbis ge- 
neralibus, ibid. 1731, 4to. Pars 11 . Therapeuticam exhibens, 
ibid. 1737, 4'o. 4- Morbi cpidemici brevis Dejcriptio E 3 Cu- 
ratw, Harderwyk, 1733, 4to. 5. Materies Medica Compendia 
Medicince accommodata, exhibens Formulus, in Vfum Jludioforum 
conferiptas, ibid. 1733, 4to. 6. Exercitaliones Medica qiiatuor; 
1 . de Moiu vitali ; 11 . de Sonino Ed Vigilia ; HI de Fame-, IV. 
de Siti-, Amjlerdam, 1737, 4 '^ 0 - 1 - Mtdicina Hippocratica, 
■txponens Aphorifmas Hippocratis, ibid. 1739-1741, 4to. 8. 
Medicina Dogmatica, tres Morbos particulares. Delirium, Verti- 
ginem, et Tiijfim, aphorijUce conjeriptos & Commentariis illujlra- 
tos, pro Specimine exhibens, Harderwyk, 1741, 4tG. 9. Clii- 
rurgia Repurgata, Leyden, 1742, 4to. 10. Praxis Mcdica 
Syjiema, Harderwyk, 1750, 8vo. ii. Formula Medicinales 
cum Indice Virium, ibid. 1732, 8vo. 12. Methodus dirigendi 
Studium Medkum, ibid. 1753,410. 13. OpufculaVaria Medi- 
co-theoretica, Padua, 1751, 4to. 14. OpuJ'cula Medico-prac- 
iica, ibid. 1751, 4to. 
GORTE'RIA, y. [fo named in lionour of David de 
Gorier, author of Flora Zutphanica & Ingrica.] In botany, 
a genus of the clafs fyngenefia, order polygamia frultra- 
nea, natural order of compolitas capitatm, (coryinbiRras, 
JuJ'f) Ihe generic charafters are—Calyx: common one- 
iealed, imbricate with Ipiny fcales, the inner ones gra¬ 
dually longer, firaight, briftle-lhaped, rigid. Corolla: 
compound radiate ; corollets hermaphrodite, feveral in 
tjie dilk ; female fewer in the ray; proper of the herma¬ 
phrodite funnel.form, five-cleft; of the female ligulate, 
lanceolate. Stamina: in the hermaphrodites, filaments 
five, fiiort; antherae cylindric, tubular. Pillilluni: of 
the hermaphrodites, germ villofe; (tyle filiform, th.e 
length of the corollet; ftigma bifid: of the females, 
germ obfolete, Ityle none, ftigma none. Pericarpium : 
calyx unchanged, deciduous. Seeds: in the lierma- 
phrodites, lolitary, roundifli; down limple, woolly.; in 
the females, none.— EJfentiai CharaBer. Calyx imbricate, 
with fpiny fcales ; corolla of the ray ligulate ; down 
woolly. 
Species, i. Gorteria perfonata, or annual gorteria ; 
leav; s lanceohiit, cutueand finuate, ftem upright, flow¬ 
ers peduncled. Stems a fpan higli, little branched, 
rotindifti, hairy. Leaves alternate, narrow-lanceolate, 
feliiie, nilpid, whice-tomentol'e underneath; the larger 
®nts ufually cut with two deep gallies on each lide. 
G O R 
Seeds woolly, but without down or feather. When the 
flower comes to maturity, the aperture of the calyx 
being very narrow, the feeds do not fall out, but the 
whole drops together. Hence, when one of them ger- 
nates, the radicle not only perforates the bottom of the 
calyx, but is fo firmly united to it, that the young 
plant bears the maternal calyx permanent above the 
root. There is no other inftance of this economy, ex¬ 
cept in Neurada. Introduced in 1774, by Mr. Francis 
Mallbn. It flowers in July and Auguft. 
2. Gorteria rigens, or great-flowered gorteria : leaves 
lanceolate, pinnatifid ; ftem deprefled ; fcapes ^ne-flow- 
ered. This is a low Ipreading plant, w/ith woody ftalks 
fix or eight inches long, trailing on the ground, having 
two or three fide branches, each terminating in a dole 
head of leaves, which are narrow, green on their upper 
but filvery on their under furface, and cut into three or 
five fegments at the end. The peduncles arife from 
thefe heads, are fix incites long, naked, and fupport one 
large orange-coloured flower : each floret in the ray has 
a dark mark towards the bafe, with white intermixed. 
It flowers in May and June. The green-houfe can 
Icarcely boaft a more Ihowy plant. The flowers, when 
expanded by the heat of the fun, (and i,t is only when 
the fun fhines on them that they are fully expanded,) 
exliibit an unrivalled brilliancy of appearance. Mr. 
Miller cultivated it in 1755 ; he received it from Adrian 
van Royen, profeflTor of botany at Leyden, and diftri. 
buted it to many curious perfons in England. 
3. Gorteria echinata, or prickly gorteria : leaves ob- 
long, finuate-gaftied, with fmall thorns; ftems afeend^ 
ing ; receptacles chaflFy. Stems a foot high, angular, 
red, commonly fmooth, but fometimes lanuginous here 
and there. Native of the Cape of Good Hope; flowers 
in July. 
4. Gorteria fquarrofa, or cobweb gorteria: leaves 
lanceolate, decurrent, adnate, ciliate-fpinulous; flowers 
felfile. It flowers from June to Auguft. 
5. Gorteria fetofa, or briftly gorteria; leaves lanceo¬ 
late, decurrent, adnate, ciliate-fpinous; flowers termi¬ 
nating. Stem five feet high, upright, very much branch¬ 
ed. Flowers yellow, the ray violet-coloured underneath. 
It differs from the foregoing, in the ftem being neither 
villole nor proliferous; the leaves not imbricate down¬ 
wards, but broader, ffiorter, with yellow briftles ftand- 
ing out on the edge; the flowers peduncled, not feffiJe, 
and finally in the colour of the ray beneath. Native of 
the Cape, and of China. 
6. Gorteria ciliaris, or ciliate gorteria: leaves imbri¬ 
cate, filiate, in two rows ; the outer cilias and the ter¬ 
minating fpine reflex. The leaves are imbricate, and 
preifed to the ftalks, fo as to cover them in an extraor¬ 
dinary manner. It flowers in May and June. 
7. Gorteria fruticofa, or Ihrubby gorteria: leaves 
lanceolate, entire, tooth-fpinous, tomentofe beneath- 
ftem ffirubby. Stem llender, three feet high, fending 
out a few weak branches, which are tomentofe and 
white. Leaves like thofe of privet, alternate, lharp, 
petioled, having fix or feven ferratures briftly at tiie 
end. Flowers in Auguft and September. This is entirely 
different from the G. fruticofa of Bergius, (cap. 302.) 
which is the Airadlylis oppofitifolia of Linn. Syft. 
3 . Gorteria herbacea, or herbaceous gorteria : ftem- 
leaves clafping, ciliate, root-leaves unarmed, villofe 
underneath. Stem Icarcely a foot high, herbaceous, 
fmooth, very little branched. Flowers terminating, 
felfile ; calyx like that of an artichoke, but Icarcely 
bigger than a plum, imbricate, fmooth at the edge, 
thorny at the end, Itraight. 
9. Gorteria hifpida, or hairy gorteria ; leaves oblong, 
ciliate-fpinous, upright, finooch, calyxes cn.iire, ending 
in a thorn. 10. Gorteria fpinofa, or thorny gorteria ; 
leaves oblong, felfile, toot.h-fpinous, fpreading,,Imooth, 
calyxes ciliate-fpinous; flowers upright. Both thofe 
were .found at the Cape by Thunberg. 
j 
II. Gorteria 
