GOT 
turition, &c. The territory belonging to the town is 
very confiderable : twenty-two miles north.eah of Caf- 
fel, and fifty-one eafi-foiith-eafl: of Paderborn. Lat. 
51. 24. N. Ion. 27. 19. E. Ferro. 
GOTT'LEUV'E, a town of Germany, in the circle 
of Upper Saxony, and marggraviate of Meilfen : fix 
miles (buth-wefl; of Konigftein, and eight fouth of Pirnau. 
GOTTLIE'BEN, a town of Swiderland, near the 
lake of Conftance, where John Hiifs was confined, by 
order of the council, in the year 141J : one league from 
Conftance. 
GOTT'LSTORF, a town of Germany, in the arch- 
duchy of Auftria : five miles fouth-eaft of Altenmarkt. 
GOT'TO, a negro kingdom, fituated in tlie interior 
of Africa, on the banks of the Niger, faid to be of great 
extent. It was formerly divided into a number of petty 
ftates, which were governed by their own chiefs ; but 
their private quarrels invited invafion from the neigh¬ 
bouring kingdoms, fo that many of the inhabitants of 
Gotto had been plundered, and fome driven away as 
flaves. At length a politic chief, of the name of Moof- 
lee, had bddrefs enough to make them unite in hoftili- 
ties againft the adjoining kingdom of Bamburra ; and 
on this occafion he was unanimoufty cholen general ; 
the different chiefs confentidg for a time to aift under 
his command. Mooftee immediately difpatched a fleet 
of canoes, loaded with provifions, from the banks of 
the lake Dibbie up the Niger towards Jenne, and with 
the whole of his army puftied forwards into Bamburra. 
He arrived on the bank of the Niger oppofite to Jenne, 
before the town’s-people had the fmalleft intimation of 
his approach ; his fleet of canoes joined him the fame 
day, and having landed the provifions, he embarked 
part of his army, and in the night took Jenne by ftorm. 
This event fo terrified the king of Bamburra, that he 
fent meffengers to fue for peace, and in order to obtain 
it, confented to deliver to Mooflee a certain number of 
flaves every year ; and return every thing that had been 
taken from the inhabitants of Gotto. Mooftee, thus 
triumphant, returned to Gotto, where he was declared 
king, and the capital of the country is called by his 
name. Park. . 
GOT'TORP, a caftle or palace of Denmark, belong¬ 
ing to the prince of HelTe-Caftel, adjoining to Sles- 
wiCK,.which fee. 
GOTT'SCHED (John Chriftopher), profeftTor of lo¬ 
gic, metaphyfics, and poetry, at Leipfic, born in 1700, 
at Koningfberg in Pruflia, where his father was a cler¬ 
gyman. He ftudied in that city, devoted himfelf to 
theology and poetry, and in 1723 took the degree of 
mafter of arts, after which he proceeded to Leipfic, 
and obtained great applaufe by his ledtures on the 
belles-lettres. He was eledted, in 1726, fenior of the 
poetical fociety, which was foon after transformed into 
that called the German Society. In 1730 he was ap¬ 
pointed extraordinary profelTor of philolophy ; in 1734 
profelfor of logic and metaphyfics, and at length de¬ 
cemvir of the academy and member of various learned 
bodies. Good tafte, about this period, began to be re¬ 
vived alfo in Swift'erland under Bodmer and Breitinger; 
but as thefe writers purfued a different path, Gott- 
fched was foon involved with the latter in fome literary 
difputes, which were carried on, for many years, with 
great afperity on both fides. He died on the 12th of 
December 1766. His dramatic produtfions, though not 
mafter-pieces, laid the firft grounds for the formation of 
the German theatre. His principal works are, i. Eflay 
towards a Critical Hiftofy of Poetry for the Germans, 
Leipfic, 1730, 8vo. 2, The Death of Cato, a tragedy, 
ibid. 1732, 8vo. 3. Colledtioiis towards a Critical Hif- 
tory of the German Language, Poetry, and Eloquence, 
ibid. 1732-44, 8 vols. 8vo. 4. The Firft Principles of 
General Philofophy, 1733, 1735,1739, 2parts, 8vo. 
5. The German Theatre, ibid. 1746-50, 6 parts, 8vo. 
6. New Library of the Belles-Lettres and Fine Arts, 
G O U 13D 
ibid. 1745-50, 10 vols. 8vo. without the author’s name. 
And in conjunction with others, 7. The Principles ot 
the German Language, ibid. 1748, large odtavo ; ot this 
work various improved editions have fince been pub- 
lilhed. 8. Newell Poems, Ratifbon, 1749, 4'o. 9. Ex- 
ercifes in Elocution, Leipfic, 1755, 8vo. 10. Exercifes 
in Latin and German Poetry, for the Ufe of Schools, 
ibid. 1757, 8vo. n. Materials towards a Hiftovyof the 
German Dramatic Poetry ; or, A Catalogue of all tlie 
Tragedies, Comedies, and Operas, which appeared be¬ 
tween the Years 1450 and 1760, Leipfic, ^ 
parts, 8vo. 12. A Manual or Dictionary of tlie Belles- 
Lettres and Fine Arts, ibid. 1760. 
GOTT'SCHEE, a town of Germany, in Middle Car- 
niola ; twenty-three miles foutli-fouth-eaft of Laybach, 
and one hundred and fixty fouth-fouth-weft of Vienna. 
Lat. 45. 53. N. Ion. 32. 19. E. Ferro. 
GOTT'ZENDORF, a town of Germany, in the arch--' 
duchy of Auftria : five jniles fouth of Aigen. 
GOUACE', a town of France, in the department of 
the North Coaft : one league and three-quarters eaft of. 
Roftrenen, and four and a half weft of Uzel. 
GOUA'NIA, /! [fo named by Jacquin, in honour of 
Antoine Gouan, M.D. author of Flora Monfpdiaca, Ilortus 
Monfpelienjis, and other celebrated works.] In botany, a 
genus of the dais polygamia, order monoecia, natural 
order rhamni, JuJf. The generic charailers are—I. Her¬ 
maphrodites. Calyx : perianthium one-leafed, fupe- 
rior, funnel-form, five-cleft; tube permanent; iegments 
ovate, acute, fpreading, deciduous. Corolla : none. 
Stamina : filaments five, fubulate, length of the calyx, 
and alternate with the fegments ; antherae roundifti, in¬ 
cumbent, veiled ; veil like a cowl, elaftic. Piftillum ; 
germ inferior; ftyle fubulate, half three-cleft; ftigmas 
obtufe. Pericarpium : fruit dry, three-fided, divilible 
into three feeds. Seeds: three parts of the fruit, 
roundifti inclined to three-fided, two-winged.. 11 . Males, 
on the fame plant. Calyx, Corolla, and Stamina ; as 
in the hermaphrodites. Piftillum : germ none ; ftyle 
as in the hermaphrodites; ftigmas obfcure or none.— 
EJJential CharaEler. Hermaphrodite : calyx, five-cleft ; 
corolla, none ; antherae, five, under a veil ; ftyle, three- 
cleft; fruit, inferior, tripartile. Male: limilar, but 
without germ and ftigma. 
I. Gouania Domingenfis, or chaw-ftick ; a fingle fpe- 
cies. Stem ftirubby, and climbing like hops by axil¬ 
lary tendrils; leaves ovate or ovate or oblong-ovate, 
acuminate, or blunt with a point, unequally ferrate¬ 
toothed, or flightly crenate only, lmooth,,deep green, 
alternate, petioled, two inches long; racemes furnifhed 
with one or two leaflets ; the male flowers have no piftil 
whatfoever; but there are three or four flowers in a 
hundred that have a ftyle without any germ. Native 
of St. Domingo, in woods. Cultivated by Mr. Miller 
in 1739. 
Propagation and Culture. Sow the feeds on a hot-bed 
early in the fpring, and when the plants are ftrong 
enough, tranfplant each into a finall pot filled with 
light rich earth, and plunge the pots into a moderate 
liot-bed of tanner’s-bark, watering and fliading the 
plants until they have taken new root. In winter plunge 
them into the bark-bed in the ftove, and water them fre¬ 
quently. The ftems muft. be fupported, and they fel- 
dom produce flowers before the third fummer. 
GOVAR'DO, a diftridl in the province of Benaco in 
Italy, containing ten parilhes, and eight thoufand fouls. 
The fmall town of the fame name, containing two thou¬ 
fand inhabitants, is fituated on the river Chiefe. 
GOU'DA, or Tergouw, a city of Holland, fituated 
on a branch of the Rhine called IJfel, where it receives 
the river Gouw, which gives it its name. It was built 
in the year 1272, by Florent V. comte of Holland, who 
granted it great privileges ; the foundations had been 
laid long before. In 1330, it belonged to the houfe of 
Bloisj who built a caftle ; but,da J.398, it tvas reftored 
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