9 
750 G O U 
are which, in the vjciffitudes of political Intereds and 
paffions, may arm and point this power againd the exe- 
C!Uive mag^rtrate— when w'e attend to thefe conlidera- 
tions, we fiialt be led perhaps to acknowledge, that 
there is not more of paradox than of truth in that im¬ 
portant blit much-decried apophthegm, “ that a totally 
independent parliament is incompatible with the exift- 
ence of the executive government;”—and hence every 
tninidcr, fince the days of fir Robert Walpole, has uni¬ 
formly aimed at acquiring and maintaining an influence 
in the houfe of comnioivs, as the only certain means by 
w hich he can retain his fituation, or conduft the affairs 
of the date : and in many cafes where this influence is 
found to be on the decline, or the balance of the votes 
in the houfe of commons fo nearly equal as to render 
the operations of the exiding government precarious ; 
then, as the dernier refort, the king exerts his preroga¬ 
tive of diliblving liis parliament, and thus conligns to 
the judgment of his people which party, or political 
fydem, it is mod wife and prudent for him to adopt, 
by leaving to their own choice the ineafures in the elec¬ 
tion of men, whom they fliall deem it expedient to le- 
turn to a new parliament. A driking indance of this 
fait was manifeded by the event which, followed the me¬ 
morable agitation of the Roman catholic bill in 1807. 
GOUERNO'LO, a town of Italy, in the duchy of 
Mantua, at the junilion of the Mincio arid the Po : 
twelve miles fouth-ead of Mantua. In r796, a fevere 
battle was fouglu near this town, between tlie Prcncji re¬ 
publicans and the Andrians, in which the latter w’ere 
defeated, with the lofs of ten tlioufand prifoners. 
GO V'ERNOR, y. \_goia)erneur,Yr."\ Onew hohasthe 
fupreme direifion.—They beget in us a great idea and 
veneration of the mighty author and gevernor of fuch 
dupendous bodies, and excite and elevate our minds to 
his adoration and praife. Bentley. —One ivho is inveded 
with fupreme authority in a date.-—For the kingdom is 
the Lord's, and he is the governor among the nations. 
Pf. xxii. 28.—One who rules any place with delegated 
and temporary authority : 
To you, lor A governor, 
Remains the cenfure of tliis hellifii villain. Shakeflpeare. 
A tutor; one who has the care of a young man.—The 
great work of a is to fafhion the can iage, and 
form the mind ; to I'ettle in his pupil good habits, and 
the principles of virtue and wifdom. Lockc. —Pilot; re¬ 
gulator; manager.—Behold all the (hips, which though 
they be (b great, and are driven of fierce winds, yet they 
are turned about witli a very fmall helm, wliitlierfoev^r 
the governor lideth. Ja. iii. 4. 
GOUKZEC', a town of France, in the department of 
the Finiderre, and cliief place of a canton, in the didribl 
of Chateaulin : one league and a half Ibuth-ead of Clia- 
teaulin, and three ai-.d a half north-ead of Quimper. 
GOUGA'NE B A'RO, a lake of Ireland, in the county 
of Cork : ten miles north of Bantry. 
GOUGE, f. [French.] A chilfel having a round 
edge, for the Cutting of fuch wood as is to be rounded 
or hollowed. Moxon. 
To GOUGE, V. a. To fcoop out, as with a chifTel. 
GOUGFl (William), an eminent EnglKh divine, born 
at Bow, in the county of Middlefex, in 1575. He re¬ 
ceived Ills clalfical education partly at St. PauPsfehool, 
in London, and partly at Eton, whence lie w'as elebled 
to King’s-college, Cambridge, in 1595. His academic 
/Indies he performed with uncommon diligence, and pro¬ 
portionate fuccefs. He took his degrees in arts at the 
regular periods, when he performed the exercifes in 
the public fchools, required by the datutes of the uni- 
verfity, with very great applaufe. Pie was cliofen a 
lettiirer in logic and pliilolbphy in his college, and ac¬ 
quired much credit by the able manner in vvliich he dif- 
charged the duties of that appointment. In 1607 he 
was admitted into orders; and in the following year 
G O U 
obtained the re 61 :ory of Blackfriars, in the city of I.on- 
don. In this fituation he continued during the remainder 
of his life, difcliarging the padoral functions with ex¬ 
emplary diligence and fidelity, and fetting before his 
parifliioners a commendable example of the moral and 
religious duties wliich he enforced in liis fermons. In 
1611 he was admitted to the degree of bachelor of divi¬ 
nity, and in 1628 to that of dodfor in the fame faculty. 
He was modefl, humble, affable, and charitable, of firidt 
and exemplary piety, and continued to preach as long 
as he was able to get up into the pulpit ; and for many 
years he was efteemed tiie father of tlie London minff- 
ters. He died in 1653, foon after he had completed his 
feventy-eighfh year. Tlie principal of his viorks were, 
I. A Commentary on the Epiftle to the Hebrev/s. 2. An 
Expofition of tlie Lord’s Prayer. 3. The whole Armour 
of God. 4. A treatife of Domeflical Duties. 5. Of the 
Sin againft the Holy Ghoft. 6. The Sabbath’s Sanctifica¬ 
tion, 7. A treatife of Apoftacy. 8. The Saint’s Sacrifice ; 
or, a Comment on Pfalm 116. 9. Two Catechifms. 
GOUGE (Thomas), a very exemplary Englifh di¬ 
vine, fon of the preceding, born at Bow in 1605. He 
was fent early to Eton fchool, whence he was elected to 
King’s-college, Cambridge, in 1626. In that univerfity 
lie purfued his fludies with becoming diligence, and 
took his degrees in arts at the fiatutable periods; during 
which time he was chofen a fellow ofliis college, Plav” 
ing afterwards taken orders, he left the univerfity and 
his fellowfliip, and was prefented to the living of Colf- 
den, in Surrey, where he continued about three years. 
In 1638 he became incumbent of St. Sepuichre, in Lon¬ 
don, wliere, for about twenty-four years, ho dii'charged 
the pafloral duties with exemplary vigilance and fide¬ 
lity. V/hen the act of uniformity took place, as lie 
could not confeientioufly fubferibe to its piovifioiis, he 
was ejebled from his living; on which occalion he de¬ 
clined preaching in the metropolis, modefily obferving, 
“ that there was no need of his labours in London, where 
there were fo many godlV, able, and painful, miniitei-s 
to carry on the work.” His time now was zealoully 
devoted to acts of beneficence and charity. Pie was 
hinifelf pofleHed of a good ellate, the greater part of 
which he employed in relieving the wants ofliis poorer 
brethren. About the year 1671, the accounts wliich he 
received ot the deplorable ignorance in which the poor 
were involved, in \Yales, inijiiied him witli the gene¬ 
rous and noble delign of introducing knowledge and re¬ 
ligion into that negledted country. For this purpole 
he vifited the principality, and comnienced liis under¬ 
taking by efiablifliiiig fchools in different towns, and 
undertook to pay tlir infiruftors. By degiees thefe 
fchools amounted to betiveen three and four hundred in 
number, and were annually vifited by Mr. Gouge ; when 
he carettilly enquired into the improvement of his young 
beneficiaries, and preached occalion. lly. Pie, iikewile, 
with the afliihuice which ii? received t;cm his friends, 
printed eight tlioufaiid copies of the Bible in the V/cllh 
language; a tlioufand of which were freely given to the 
poor, and the red (ent to the principal cities and tovrns 
in Wales, to be fold at low prices. To (hew tliat lie 
was no bigot, he alfo procured the Church Catccliifm, 
with a practical expofition of it, and the Common Prayer, 
to be printed in Welfh, and diftributed them to ilie poor, 
with the WeKh Bible, the Whole Duty of Man, the 
Prabfice of Piety, and many other pious and ufcfiil 
treatifes. He died in 1681, in the feventy-feveiith year 
of his age. He had committed but a few of his own 
produilions to tlie prefs, and thefe were of tlie praiSli- 
cal kind; fuch as, r. The Principles of Religion ex. 
plained, in Queftion and A'nfwer. 2. A Word to Sin¬ 
ners. 3. Clirillian Directions to walk with God. 4. 
1 he Aired and I'afed Way of Thriving,’viz. by Charity 
to the Poor. 5. The Young Man’s Guide through the 
Wildernefs of this World. 6. The Chridian Houf^ 
holder, &c. 
GOU'GEON^ 
