G R A 
lifhed, 1. Spidle^ium S.S. Patrum, &c. vo!. i. 8vo. contain¬ 
ing fragments trom the writings of the catholic fatliers 
and heretics of the firlt century, with diHertations and 
remarks ; and in the following year came out the fecond 
volume of the lama work. In the year 1700 Mr. Grabe 
was ordained a deacon of the church of England, and 
was prefented to a chaplaincy of Chriflchurch, Oxford. 
In the fame year he publilhed S. JuJfini Philofophi & Mar- 
tyris Apologia Prima pro Ckrijlianis, &c. 8vo. illuflrated 
with tlie notes of feveral learned men, and additional 
remarks of his own ; and in 1702 he publilhed S. Irenai 
Epifcopi Lugdunenfn contra omnes Hcercfes, Libri quinque, &c, 
folio, with prolegomena, notes, &c. 
Upoit the acceflion of queen Anne to the throne, Mr. 
Grabe’s penfion was continued, and hermajefty was ad- 
vifed to employ him on an undertaking which reflciSed 
great honour on himfelf, and on the patronage by which 
he was enabled to complete it: that was to print from 
the Alexandrian manufcript in the royal library, the 
Septuagint tranllation of the Old Telfainent. When 
the queen informed him that he was felefted to perform 
this talk, (lie prefented him with a purle, as a prelimi¬ 
nary encouragement to his exertions. In 1705, Mr. 
Grabe publilhed his propofals for printing that work by 
fubfcription, annexed to an account which he had drawn 
up of the I'uperior value of this copy to the Vatican 
manufcript. In the following year, the univerfity of 
Oxford, as a tellimony of their approbation of his delign, 
honoured him with the degree of do( 51 ;or of divinity ; 
and in addition to the queen’s bounty, he received a 
prefent from his own fovereign, the king of PrufTia, to¬ 
gether with fubfcriptions from the principal nobility,' 
clergy, and gentry, from all parts. Animated by thefe 
encouragements, he proceeded with diligence and Ipirit 
in his undertaking, and in 1707 produced the firll vo- 
lume of his work, under tlie title of Vetus Tejiamentum 
juxta Septuaginta interpretes ; Tomus /. continens Odateuchum, 
&c. in folio and 8vo. This volume contains the Penta¬ 
teuch and the three following books. According to the 
order which the author had adopted, the fecond volume 
was to contain all the hidorical books of the Old Tefta- 
inent, whether canonical or apocryphal ; the third, all 
the prophetical books ; and the fourth, the Pfahns, the 
three books of Solomon, &c. But after he had begun 
to print the fecond volume, he was induced to pollpone 
the appearance of that, and alld of the third volume, by 
the expedtation of being furnilhed with important ma- 
nuferipts and other materials, which would enable him 
to render them more complete. That no time might 
be loft, however, in expediting the whole work, he pub- 
liflied in 1709 the fourth volume, continens PJalmorum, 
Jobi, ac tres Salamonis Libros, cum Apocrypha Ejujdem, necnon 
Siracidte Sapientia, in folio and 8vo. In the following 
year he publiflied a Latin d-jlfertation, giving a particu¬ 
lar account of the reafons why he had departed from his 
original order of publicafkm, and of the lielps which he 
expedfed to receive in order to perfedl his plan. Thefe 
were, a Syriac manufcript of the hiftorical books of the 
Old Teflament, with Origen’s remarks upon them; and 
two manuferipts, one belonging to cardinal Chigi, and 
the other to the college of Louis XIV. Afterwards 
he received thefe manuferipts, and made collations 
from them; while in the meantime he had prepared a 
volume of annotations upon the whole work, and alfo 
colledted the materials for the Prolegomena. It re¬ 
quired, however, fo much time to digelt the tvhole into 
proper method, that the fecond and third volumes were 
not publiflied till after the author’s death, which hap¬ 
pened in 1712, in only the forty-fifth year of his age. 
Belides tliis great and laborious work. Dr. Grabe pub- 
lidied in 1705, an elegant edition of bilhop Bull’s Latin 
works, in folio, wdth his own notes, which procured him 
the thanks of that prelate ; aflilted in preparing for the 
prefs archdeacon Gregory’s edition of the New Tefla- 
ment in Greek, which was printed in the lame year; 
G R A 755 
and in 1706 he publilhed a preface to Daubuz’s Pro 
Tejjimonio Flavii Jofephi de Jefu Chrijlo, Libri duo. He alfo 
left behind him a number of manuferipts, of which the 
following were afterwards given to the world : Liturgia 
Graca Johannis Ernrjli Grabe, fubjoined to Chriflu] her 
Matthew Phift’s edition of h'cncei Fragminta Anecdota, 
printed at the Hague, in 1715, 8vo. and De Forma Con/e- 
crationis Eucharifiicce, hoc ej}, DeJ'enJio Ecclefia Gracte, &c, 
publilhed with an Englilh verlion, and notes, &c. at 
London, 1721, 8vo. 
GRA'BEN, a town of Croatia : twelve miles fouth 
of Varafdin. 
GRA'BIN, a town of Silefia, in the principality of 
Oels : two miles fouth-well of Fefienburg. 
GRA'BERN, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of 
Leitnieritz : fix miles weft-fouth-wefl: of Leypa. 
GRA'BERN, a town of Germany, in the,archduchy 
of Auftria : three miles north of Sonneberg. 
GRA'BINETZ, a town of Imperial Illria : fourteen 
miles north eafl: of Pedena. 
GRA'BO, a town of Sweden, in the province of Eaft 
Gothland ; eleven miles louth-eafl of Linkiopinir. 
GRABOVENIT'ZA (Upper), a lake of Silefia, in 
the principality of Oels : five miles eafl: of Militlch. 
GRABOVENIT'ZA (Unter), a lake of Silefia, in 
the principality of Oels : three miles and a half eafl of 
M i 1 i (fc h. 
GRA'BOW, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Lower Saxony, and duchy of Mecklenburgh ; twent) - 
two miles fouth of Schwerin. 
GRAt^AY', a town of France, in the I 'partment of 
the Cher, and chief place of a canton, in the dillrift ol 
Vierzon; four leagues north-north-well of Ifioudun, 
and three and a quarter fouth-wefl of Vierzon. 
GRAC'CHUS (T. Sempronius), father ot Tiberius 
and Cains Gracchus, twice conful, and once cenlbr, 
was diflinguiflied by his integrity as well as his pru¬ 
dence and fuperior ability either in the fenate or at the 
head of the armies. He made war in Gaul, and met 
with much fuccefs in Spain. He married Sempronia, ot 
the family of the Scipio’s, a woman of great virtue, 
piety, and learning.-Their children, Tiberius and 
Cains, W'ho had been educated under the watchfid eye 
ot their mother, rendered themfelves famous for their 
eloquence, feditions, and an obflinate attachment to the 
interefls of the populace, which at lafl proved fatal to 
them. With a winning eloquence, alledted moderation, 
and uncommon popularity, Tiberius began to renew the 
Agrarian law, which had already cauled Inch diflen- 
fions at Rome. See Agrarian Laws, vol. i. p.. 2 ° 4 - 
By the means of violence, his propolition palled into a 
law, and he was appointed commilfioner, with his tather- 
in-law Appius Claudius, and his brother Cains, to make 
an eqtial divifion of the lands among the people. The 
riclies of Attains, which were left to the Roman people 
by will, were dillributed without oppofition ; and f i- 
berius enjoyed the triumph of his fuccelstul enterprize, 
when he was alfaliinated in the midfl of his adherents by 
P.. Nafica, while the populace were all unanimous to re- 
eleft him to ferve the office of tribune the following 
year. The death of Tiberius checked, for a while, the 
friends of the people ; but Cains, I'purred by ambition 
and furious zeal, attempted to remove every obflacle 
which flood in his way by force and violence. Fie lup- 
ported the caufe of the people with more vehemence, 
but lefs moderation, than Tiberius; and his luccefs 
ferved only to awaken his ambition, and animate his re- 
fentment againft the nobles. With the privileges of a 
tribune, he foon became the arbiter of the republic, and 
treated the patricians with contempt. This behaviour 
haflened the ruin of Cains, and in the tumult lie fled to 
the temple of Diana, where his friends prevented him 
from committing luicide. This increaled the Ivdition, 
and he was murdered by order of the conful Opimius, 
B.C, i2i, about thirteen years after the unlortunate 
