780 G R A 
GRA'NA, a fea.port town of Spain, In the province 
of Galicia : two miles weft of F.errol. 
GRA'NA, a town of Italy, in the duchy of Aofta: 
twelve miles eaft-foiitb-eaft of Aofta. 
GRA'NA PARADISI,/’. in botany. SeeAMOMUM. 
GRANADl L'LA,yi in botany. See Passifloka. 
GRAN'ADA. See Grenada. 
GRANA'DO. See Grenade. 
GRAN'ADO (El), a town of Spain, in the province 
of Seville : five leagues north of Ayamonte. 
GRAN'AL, a tow n of Spain, in the province of Leon: 
twenty-eight miles foiith-eaft of Leon. 
GRAN'ARD, a town of Ireland, in the county of 
Longford : eleven miles north-eaft of Longford, and fix- 
teen fouth of Cavan. 
GRAN'ARY, f. \_granarium, Lat.] A ftorehoufe for 
threfticd corn.—Ants, by their labour and induftry, 
contrive that corn will keep as dry in their nefts as in 
our granaries. Addifon. 
The two moft important cautions to he obferved in 
the building of granaries are, to make them fufficiently 
ftrong, and to expofe their apertures or tvindows to the 
moft drying winds. In this free country, public grana¬ 
ries have never been confidered as an objecft worthy of 
the altention of the legiftaturc. In moft other countries, 
however, they appear to claim the firft regard of the 
commonweal. In Geneva, the public granary is a very 
large building, of fix ftories high. Every ftory tonus 
one apai tment for grain ungrinded only, becaufe meal 
or grinded grain can by no means be long preferved. 
The dimenlions of each apartment are the fame, in 
lengtJi about thirty-fix paces, by twenty-four in breadth, 
and about nine feet in height. To fupport the great 
extent of floor, and fuch a weight of grain, there are 
very large and folid wooden pillars, through every apart¬ 
ment from top to bottom. There are fix rows of thefe 
pillars, and nine pillars in every row; the diftance of 
one pillar from another is fix paces. The grain is chief¬ 
ly wheat, imported occaflonally from Barbary, Sardinia, 
Tranche Compte, &c. The lowelt flat of this granary 
is ftored with as much grain as can be packed or heaped 
in it, and the quantity is gradually diminiflied as they 
rife to the upper ftories, for the obvious purpofe of 
faving labour and expence. Every apartment has many 
very clofe windows, which are opened in dry weather, 
for the benefit of ventilation. Before they lodge the 
grain, it is moderately and fkilfully kiln-dried, yet while 
it continues new, it muft be turned over at leaft once 
in twenty days. When this pradfice has been continued 
till the grain becomes fufficiently firm and dry, gene¬ 
rally in two years, it is rarely neceffary to turn it any 
more. By this method of management, they have ex¬ 
perience of preferving the grain in perfedt foundnefs for 
many years, and they have no doubt that it may be 
fo preferved even for a century. Thus by wife regula. 
tions, and vvell-diredted economy, the public granaries 
are here rendered eft'edfual means of reftraining mono¬ 
polies, moderating tlie markets, and preventing the ca¬ 
lamities of fcarcity, or excelfive prices foi* bread. For 
other interefting particulars on this fubiedb, and the 
method of preferving grain from the ravages of infedts, 
fee the article Corn, vol. v. p. 207. 
GRAN'ATAN, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Upper Saxony, and circle of Erzgeburg; twelve miles 
north-eaft of Frey burg. 
GRANATA'RIUS, yi An officer who kept the corn 
chamber in a religious houfe. 
GRAN'ATK,/. Ihomgranum, Lat.] A kind of mar¬ 
ble fo called, becaufe it is marked with fmall variega¬ 
tions like grains: more properly written Granite, 
which fee. 
GRAN'ATE,/. See Garnet. 
GRAN'ATE, [granatus, Lat.] That hath many 
grains or kernels. 
GRAN'ATUM, y. in botany. See Pukica. 
G R A 
GRAN'ARY, a towtiftiip of the American S'tates, is 
Eflex county, Vermont. 
GRAN'BY, a townftiip of the American States, ire 
Hampfhire county, Maffachnretts, eaft of South Hadley, 
about ninety miles wefterly of Bofton; incorporated in 
1768, and contains, by the cenfus, 596 inhabitants. 
GRAN'BY, a townftiip of the American States, in 
Hartford county, Connedficut, on the line which I'epa- 
rates Connedficut from Maft'achufetts. It was formerly 
a part ot Symlhury, and is eiehtcen miles north of 
Hartford. ^ 
C^RAN'BY, a town of the American States, on the 
CoH.garee, in South Carolina, about two miles below 
the jundfion of Broad and Saluda rivers. Here a curious 
bridge lias been built, wliole arches are fupported by 
w ooden pillars, Ifrongly fecured in iron-work, fixed in 
the lolid rock. Its lieiglu is forty feet above the level 
of the water. The centre arch is upwards of one luin. 
dred feet in the clear, to give a palfage to large trees 
wliich are always brought down by the floods. The 
ingenious architeef has the toll fecured to him by tlie 
legiflature for one hundred years. 
GRAN'BY BAY, a bay on the north coaft of the 
ifland of Dominica. Lat. 15. 42. N. Ion. 61. 25. W. 
Greenwich. 
GRAN'CEY, a town of France, in the department 
of the Cote-d’Or, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftricl of Is-fur-Tille : feven leagues fouth-eaft of Cha- 
tillon-fur-Seine, and three and a half north-weft of Is- 
fur-Tille. 
GRANCOLA'S (John), a French writer in ecclefi- 
aftical antiquities, and a native of Paris, where he died 
in 1732. He was admitted to the degree of dodtor by 
the taculty of the Sorboime, in 1685. He was made 
chaplain to the duke of Orleans, the regent, and after 
his death chaplain of St. Bennet’s. Becoming attached 
to the ftudy of ecclefiaftical rites and ulages, he made 
large colledtions from the fathers, and publilhed a great 
number ol treatifes, from the year 1692 to 1728, which, 
though chiefly compilations, ferve to throw great light 
on the difeipline and ceremonies of the Greek and Latin 
churches. His principal works, befides a tranflation 
into French of The Works of St. Cyril, 1715, 4to. were, 
I. A Treatife on Liturgies, or the Manner of celebrat¬ 
ing Mafs, in every Age, both in the Eaftern and Weft- 
ern Churches, 1698, 121110. 2. The ancient Sacranien- 
tary ot the Church, 1699. 3. An Hiftorical Commentary 
on the Roman Breviary, 1727, in 2 vols. 121110. 4. A 
Critique on Ecclefiaftical Authors, in 2 vols. 8vo. 5. 
A Concife Hiftory of the Church in the City of Paris, 
in 2 vols. 121110. 
GRANC'WOLDEN, a town of Norway, in the dio- 
cefe ot Chriftiania : twenty-fix miles fouth of Chriftiania. 
GRAND, adj. [_grand, Fr. grandis, Lat.] Great; il- 
liiftrious; liigh in power or dignity.—God had planted, 
that is, made to grow, the trees of life and knowledge, 
plants only proper and becoming the paradife of io grand 
a Lord. Raleigh. —Great; fplendid j magnificent: 
A voice has flown 
To re-enflaiiie a defign. Young, 
Principal; chief: 
What caufc 
Mov’d QUY grand parents in that liappy ftate, 
Favour’d ot heav’n fo highly, to fall off 
From tlieir Creator. Milton, 
Eminent; fuperior: very frequently in an ill fenfe^^ 
So clonib this firR. grand thief into God’s fold. Milton.-n^ 
Noble; fublime ; lofty; conceived or expreti'ed with 
great dignity. It is ufed to fignify afeent or defeent of 
confangulnity. 
GRAND (Anthony le), a French cartefian philofo- 
pher in the feventeenth century, called the abbreviator 
of DefcarteS| born at Douay. He was the author otf 
4 various 
