782 G R. A 
GRAND'DAUGHTER,/. The daughter of a fon 
or daughter. 
GRAN'DE, adj. [Italian.] la mufic books, great, 
diflinguilliing the grai'.d chords. 
GRAN'DE, a lo’.vn of Norway, in the diocefe of 
Drontheim: twenty-eight iiiiles north-well: of Drontheim. 
GRAN'DE, a river in Soiith America, in Peru, near 
Cayaata; remarkable for its fands enriched with gold 
dull. 
GRANDE RIVIE'Pv.E, or Rio Grande, a river of 
Africa, which runs into the Atlantic, in lat. ii. N. Ion. 
13. CO. W. Greenwicii. 
GRANDE RIVIE'RE, a fettlement in a hilly traG; 
ot the ifland of St. Domingo, or Hifpaniola, fix leagues 
and a h.alf loutii-wefl: of Fort Dauphin, and four leagues 
and three quarters iiorth-by-eall of St. Raphael, in that 
vvliich was the Spanilh pSrt of the ifland. Lat. 19.34. N. " 
Ion. 74. 30. W. from Paris.—Alfo the name of a fmall 
river, in the fame ifland, which rifes at Limonade, and 
empties into the lea at Qr. Morin, five leagues eafi: of 
Cape Francois. 
GRANDE RIVIE'RE, a river on the northern fide 
of Chaleur Bay, about fix leagues weft-north-wefl of 
Cape Defpair. Here is a fine cod fifhery. 
GRANDE SEAU'X, an Indian nation, in North 
America, who inhabit fouth of the Milfouri, and can 
furnifli 800 warriors. 
GR ANDEEi', yi [^grand, Fr. grandis, Lat.] A man of 
great rank, power, or dignity.—Some parts of the Spa- 
nifli monarchy are rather for ornament titan flrength : 
they furnifli out vice-royalties ior Kht grandees, and ports 
of honour for the noble families. Addifon. 
GPx.AN'DESM AGEN, a town of Germany, in the 
circle of Upper Saxon)-, in Pomerania : two miles north- 
-weft of Griell'enburg. 
GRAN'DET (jofeph), a pious French divine, born 
at Angers, in 1646. Having embraced the ecclefiaflical 
life, he fpeat fome ‘years in the feminary of St. Sulpice, 
at Paris, whence he returned to his native place in 1674. 
He was there’appointcd fuperior of the feminary in that 
city. In 1685 lie was prefented to the church of the 
Holy Crofs at Angers, where he continued liis minifierial 
functions for thirty-two years, beloved and refpedted for 
his numerous afls of benevolence and charity. He died 
in 1724, in the feventy-ninth year of his age. Ke was 
the author of leveral lives of perfons eminent for their 
famSlity, which have been much read by pious catholics. 
GRANDEV'ITY, yi \_iiom grandeevus, Lat.] Great 
age ; leng th of life. 
GRANDE'VOUS, adj. \jieom grandavus, Lat.] Long- 
' lived; of great age. 
GRAN'DE.UR, yi [French.] State; fplendopr of 
appearance; magnificence.—As a magiftrate or great 
officer, he locks himlclf from all approaches by the mul¬ 
tiplied formalities of attendance, by the dilhuice of cere- 
. iwDv.y ?LnA grandtur. Scuth .—Elevation of lentiment, lan¬ 
guage, or mien. 
'I he pleafures which arife from the contemplation of 
objects in themlelves grand, awful, or liiblime, many 
dirtinguifiied writers have attempted to explain; yet we 
are far from having ntrained to any precife fyltem on 
this intellectual Ipeculation. Mr. Addifon appears to 
have been the firrt who attempted a regular enquiry on 
this lubjedt, in his “ ElF.iy on the Plealures of tiie Ima¬ 
gination,” pubiilhed in the lixth volume ol th.e SpeCta-- 
tor. His fpeciilatioiis, if not exceedingly profound, are, 
however, veiy beauiuiil and entertaining ; and he has 
the merit of having opened a track, which was before 
unbeaten, 'i he advances made fince Ills time in this 
philolbphical enquiry, are not very confiderable. This 
isowing, doubtlels, to that tiiiniicl's and lubtilty which 
are fou. u to be piojierties in all the feelings of tarte. 
I'or inltan c ; we all learn by experience, tiiat certain 
figures ot'bodies appear to us more beautitul than others. 
G R A 
On inquiring farther, we find that the regularity of fonte 
figures, and the graceful variety of others, are the foun¬ 
dation of the beauty or grandeur which we difeern in 
them ; but when we attempt to go a rtep beyond this, and 
inquire what is the caufe of regularity and variety pro¬ 
ducing in our minds the fenfation of beauty or grandeur, 
any reafon we can artign is extremely imperfect. Thele 
firrt principles of internal fenfation, nature feems to have 
covered with an impenetrable veil. But it affords feme 
gratification to refledl, that although the elRcient caufe 
be obfeure, the final caufe of thofe fenfations lies in 
many cafes more open : and, in contemplating the fiib- 
ject, we cannot avoid taking notice of the rtrong inipref- 
lion which thefe powers of tarte and imagination are 
calculated to give us of the benignity of our Creator. 
By endowing us with fuch powers, he hath widely en¬ 
larged the fphere of the pleafures of human life; and 
thofe too of a kind the mort pure and innocent. TJie 
neceflary purpofes of life might have been abundantly 
aidwered, without conveying to us any of thofe refined 
and delicate fenfations of grandeur and fiiblimity, with 
which we are nov/ fo mucJi delighted. This additional 
embellifliment, which, for promoting our entertainment, 
the Ai.uihor of Nature liath poured forth upon his works, 
is one rtriking tertimony,^ among many others, of bene¬ 
volence and goodnels. This thought, which Mr. Ad- 
difon firrt rtarted. Dr. Akenfide, in his poem on the 
Plealures of the Imagination, has happily purfued ; 
-Not content 
With every iood of life to nourifh man, 
By kind illulions of the wandering fenfe. 
Thou luak’rt all nature beauty to his eye 
Or mulic to his ear.- 
The pleafures which arife from fiiblimity or grandeur, 
appear to have a charafter more dirtindtly marked than 
any other of the plealures of the imagination ; and here 
we might confider grandeur and fiiblimity as terms fyno- 
nymous, or nearly lo. If there be any diftim^ion between 
them, it arifes from I’ublimity’s exprefling grandeur in 
a fuperlative degree. It is not perhaps eafy to deferibe 
the precife imp'reflion which grand and fublime objedls 
make upon us, when w’e behold them ; but cvCry one has 
a conception of it. It produces a fort of internal eleva¬ 
tion and expanfion of thougitt; it raifes the mind much 
above its ordinary ftate; and fills it with a degree of 
wonder and artoniihment, wiiich it cannot well exprefs. 
The. emotion'is always delightful ; but it is altogether 
of the ferious kind: a degree of awfulnefs and.lolem- 
nity, even approaching ta feverity, commonly attends 
it w'hen at its height; very dirtinguiihable from the more 
gay and fprigittly emotion railed merely by beautiful 
cbjefts. 
The fimplert form of external grandeur appears in 
the vart and bouiidlefs profpedls prefented to us by na¬ 
ture ; fuch as v/ide extended regions, to wiiich the eye 
can fee no limits; the firmament of heaven; or the 
bouiidlefs expaiife of the ocean. All vaftiiefs produces 
the imprellion of fiiblimity. It is to be remarked how¬ 
ever, that Ipace extended in length makes not fo Ihoiig- 
an iniprelfioii as height or depth. I'hougii a boundlefs 
plain be a grand objebi:, yet a high mountain to which 
we look lip, or an awful precipice or impending clifiT, 
■whence we look down on the objects below, is ftillniore 
fo. The exceliive grandeur of the fir ament of heaven 
arifes from its height joined to its boundlefs extent; 
and that of the ocean, not from its extent aloiie, but 
horn the perpetual motion and iirefiflible force of that 
vaft abyls of waters. Wherever Ipace is concerned, it 
is clear that amplitude or greatiiefs of extent, in one 
dimenlioii or oilier, is iiecelfaiy to grandeur. Rem.ove 
all bounds from any objedt, and you prel'ently render it 
fublime. Hence infinite fpace, endlel's numbers, and 
eternal duration, fill the mind with fublime ideas. 
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