G R E 
nerouily entertained, the father ; ancT, after liis deceafe, 
continued the fame proteition and bounty to his fon, 
Seuthes. But the independent fpirit of the young 
prince difdained, as he hintfelf expieflfes it, “to live 
like a dog at another man’s table.” He delired horfes 
and I'oldiers from Medocus, that he might acquire fub- 
fiftence for himfelf. His requed was granted ; his in- 
curllons were fuccefsful ; the terror of his name filled 
all the maritime parts of Tltrace ; and there w'as reafoa 
to believe that, if he could join the Grecian forces to his 
own, he might eafily regain polfellion of his hereditary 
dominions. For this purpofe he fent to Xenophon Me- 
dofades, a Thracian, who, undcrltanding the Greek 
language, ufually ferved him as amballador. The 
terms of the treaty were foon agreed on. Seuth.es pro- 
jnifed each foldier a cyzicene, (about eighteen Ihillings 
flerling,) the captains two cyzicenes, and the generals 
four, of monthly pay. The money, it was obferved, 
would be clear gain, as they might lubfift by plunder¬ 
ing the country. 
Having communicated their defigr.s to the army, the 
Grecian comm.'fnders followed Medofades to the camp 
of Seuthes, which was diftant about fix miles from the 
coaft of Perinthus, a city of confiderable note in the 
neighbourhood of Byzantium. They arrived after fun- 
fet, but found the barbarians awake and watchful. 
Seuthes himfelf was pofted in a llrong tower ; horfes 
ready bridled Hood at the gate; large fires blazed at a 
diftance, while the camp itfelf was concealed in dark.^ 
nefs. The Greeks were permitted to enter. Seuthes 
received them with ruftic hofpitality ; before entering 
on bufinefs, challenged them to drink in large horns 
full of wine ; then confirmed the promifes of his ambaf- 
fador and (HU farther allured Xenophon by the hopes 
of receiving, befides the fiipulated pay, lands and cat¬ 
tle, and an advantageous elhiblilhment on the fea-fiiore, 
Seuthes knew how far to indulge, and when to rellrain, 
the joys of feltivity. Without allowing his revels to 
dillurb the flillnel's of the night, he rofe with a martial 
fhotit; and addrefling the Grecian captains, delired them 
to have their men ready to march in a few hours, that 
the enemy, who were as yet unacquainted with the 
powerful reinforcement v/hich he had received, might 
be taken unprepared, and conquered by furprife. 
The camp was in motion at midnight; it was the 
middle of winter, and the ground was in many parts co¬ 
vered with a deep fnow. But the Thracians, clothed 
in Ikins of foxes, were well prepared for fuel) nodlurnal 
expeditions. The Greeks fuftered much by the cold ; 
but the rapidity of their march, animated by the prof- 
peiSt of fuccels, made them forget their fuflerings. 
Wherever they arrived, the villages were attacked and 
plundered, the houfes were burned, many captives and 
cattle were taken, and the ravages of that bloody niglit 
fufficiently reprefent the uniform feene of cruelty, by 
which, in the courfe of a few weeks, Seuthes compelled 
into fubmiflion the inhabitants of that fertile and popu¬ 
lous Hip of land that lies between the Euxine and Pro¬ 
pontis. But the polfellion of this territory, which form¬ 
ed the moll valuable portion of his hereditary domi¬ 
nions, could not fatisfy his ambition. In the fpace of 
two months after his junction with the Greeks, Seuthes 
extended his polTelTions feveral days march from the 
feu; his numerous but unlkilful enemies, fighting fin- 
gly, were fuccellively fubdued ; each vanquilhed tribe 
increafed the Itrengih of his army ; the Odryfians, al¬ 
lured by the hopes of plunder, flocked to his ftandard, 
and the growing prolperity of his fortune, no longer re- 
tjuiring the fupport, dilpofed him to neglebt the fer. 
vices, ot his Grecian auxiliaries. The ungrateful levi- 
ty of the barbarian was encouraged by the perfidious 
COLinfels of his favourite Heraclides, who flrongly ex» 
horted his mailer to defraud the Greeks of their pay, 
and to deliver himfelf from their troublefome importu¬ 
nities, by difmilTing them from his fervice. But the 
E C E. 89f) 
fears, rather than the delicacy, of Seuthes, prevented 
him from complying with this advice; he loft his ho¬ 
nour without faving his ntoney ; and tlie Grecian gene¬ 
rals had an early opportunity to reproach his perfidy 
and ingratitude, being foon called to engage in a more 
honourable war, kindled by the refentment of Artax- 
erxes againft the prefumption of the Spartans, who had 
fo ftrenuoiiliy fupported the unfortunate rebellion of 
Cyrus. 
Without any formal declaration of war, which the 
late hoftilities in the Eaft feemed to render unneceirafy, 
Tillaphernes, by order of the Perfian king, attacked the 
.(^iolian cities; and Pharnabazus readily, entering into 
his view.s, zealoiilly concurred with all his ineafures. 
The Lacedaemonian garrifon, fupported by the townf- 
men, defended thenifelves with their ufual courage, 
earneftly foliciting, liovvever, a reinforcement from 
home, which might enable them to funnount Inch an 
unexpedled danger- On this occafion, the Spartan fe^ 
nate were not wanting to the afliftance of their garri- 
fo ns, or to the hopes of their /Eolian allies. They im¬ 
mediately levied a body of five thoufand Pelopomiefian 
troops, and demanded a confiderable fupply from tlie 
Athenians. The latter.fent them three hundred horfe- 
men, who having ferved under the thirty tyrants, were 
cheerfully facrificed to tliis dangerous duty by the par- 
tifans of the new democracy. The command of the 
joint forces was entrufted to the Spartan Thimbron, 
who had orders, as foon as he arrived in /Eolis, to take 
into pay the Greeks who had returned from the expedi¬ 
tion of Cyrus, and who were then employed in the difi. 
Itonourable fervice of an ungrateful barbarian. 'I'he 
mean and perfidious behaviour of Seuthes, who, in hi» 
new character of prince, ftill retained his original man¬ 
ners of a Thracian robber, rendered the propolal of join¬ 
ing Thrimbron extronely agreeable to Xenophon, who 
conduced to the Lacedasmonian ftandard fix thoul'and 
men, tlie venerable remains of an army exhaufted and 
ennobled by unexampled toils, and unexampled and 
unimitated perfeverance. 
With this powerful reinforcement Thimbron opened 
the campaign againft the lieutenant of Artaxerxes, at 
the diftance of two years after Cyrus had marched from 
Ephefus to difpute the crown of Perfia. The firft im- 
preftions of the Grecian arms were attended with confi- 
derable fuccefs. Thimbron took the towns pf Perga- 
mus, Teuthrania, Halifarnia, Myrina, Cyme, and Gry- 
nium. But the walls of Larilfa, a ftrong city in the 
Troade, defied Ids affault: the vigilant garrifon baf¬ 
fled all his contrivances for depriving them of frefh wa¬ 
ter ; and, affifted by the inhabitants of the place, made 
a vigorous fally, repelled tlie befiegers, and burned or 
demoliftied their works. 
Nothing but continual aftion, and an uninterrupted 
career of vi6tory, could reftraiii the licentious paflioirs 
of the troops, compofed of a motley alfemblage from fo 
many dift'erent communities. Their feditious fpirit ren¬ 
dered them formidable to each otlier, and to the Greeks 
of Afia, Their rapacity Ipared not the territories of 
tlie Lacedasmonian allies, who loudly complained to tlie 
ienate, al'eribing the violence of the troops to the weak, 
nefs of the general. In confequence of this reprefenta- 
tion, Thimbron was recalled and difgraced, and the 
command, for wliich he feemed fo ill qualified, was. be¬ 
llowed on Dercyllidas, a man who, to the talents of an 
able general, added the reputation of being the beft en¬ 
gineer of his times. By a judicious direction of the ma¬ 
chines of war which he invented, or improved, Dercyl¬ 
lidas overcame the obftinacy of Larifl'a; and, in the 
fpace of eight days, reduced eight other cities in the 
province ot Pharnabazus. The rapidity of his conquefts 
recommended him to the Spartan lenate, and his mode, 
rate ufe of victory endeared him to the Aliatic colonies. 
He lellbned their taxes, encouraged their iuduftry, 
heard their complaints, with candour, and decided ,theiF 
3 difl'erences 
