G R E 
(ippvoached the toWn, and boldly began the attack, per. 
ceiving the vyalls and battlements to he iiiiguarde.d. 
JJut before.any.breach was made, t)ye dirt'erent gates at 
once flew open, while the Thebans and Haliartians 
ruflted forth vvitii irrefiftible fury. Lyfander, whh a 
priefl: who, attended him, was flain pn the firth onfet. 
His men began to rally, when the I'hebans, polled in 
amhufli without the city, occafioned a new terror. The 
qnemy every where gave way ; above a thoiifand fell 
,ip,the field’of battle, tiie reft were put to flight, and 
pur.fuedi with great flaughten. 
The firft intelligence of this defeat brought Paufanias 
to. tihe fcene of attion, that he might examine the full 
extent of the calamity. It would have been Iruirlefs 
tio attempt the fiege of Haliartus ; but it was necellary 
to carry off the bodies of the flain. Paufanias held a 
coiuicil of war, and.it v.-as unanimoully refolved to fend 
a Spartan heraldi to Haliartus, requefting leave to bury 
tlje dead. The demand was granted, on condition that 
the Peloponnelian arany flioiild immediately evacuate 
IJcEOtia. Paufanias complied, and returned, to Sparta. 
His vvant of fuccefs, rather than his demerit, I'u.bjecled' 
hilt), to tri. l and condemnation. H.e.efcaped capital pu- 
nifliment by flying to.Tegea, where he foon afterwards 
died.' 
, The vi< 5 lory,at Haliartus, which exafperated the Spar- 
t.ans, confirmed the courage of their enemies, and haf- 
tened the. defedtion of their allies. The league was 
openly ratified'and avowed by the republics of Thebes, 
.(^rgos, Athens, and Corinth. ThF fpirit of revolt 
feized, Euboea, pervaded 'he provinces, of Acarnania, 
Eeucas, Ambracia, the rich cities of Chalcis, and the 
warlike principalities of Thefl’aly. The whole fabric 
of the Spartan power, raifed and cemented by a war of 
twenty.-leven years, began to totter ; and Agefilaus was 
recalled from his Afiatic vidlories, to faftain the fallen 
ruins of his country. He received the unwelcome ti¬ 
dings of his recai, at the important crifis of his fortune. 
He had completed his preparations for marching into 
Upper Afia, and his heart beat'with the ardour of pro- 
rpifed conqueft and glory. Having alfembled tlie con¬ 
federates, he communicated the orders of the republic, 
with which h^ exprefl'ed his refolution immediately to 
comply. The generous troops, having afl'oeiated tlieir 
own lionour with the renown of the general, teftified 
their grief and their reluctance by tear^ and entreaties. 
But Agefilaiis remained finu in his purpofe to obey, the 
command of Sparta, to wJtich he was fumiuoned by the 
danger of his country. The greater part of the army, 
and, par.ticLiiari.y the ne.w levies.of lonians and Aiolians, 
who had palled their apprenricelhip in arms under his 
fortunate Itandard, d-rlared that they would never 
abandon iheir beloved general. Agefilaus encouraged 
this dilpolition, which was extremely, favourable to his 
v.iews'; and left it might be nothing but a I'aily of tem¬ 
porary enthufiafm, artfully fecured its permanence, by 
propoling the diftributipn of valuable rewards, in the 
H Jiracian Cherfonelus, to fuch officers as brought the 
b.eft companies of foot or cavalr3' for the fervice of his 
intended expedition. He was-able to perform his pro- 
niifes.with a generous miinificeiice ; flnee, after defray¬ 
ing the necellary expences of the war, he carried fiom 
Ali.i above a thoulaiid talents, or a hundred and ninety- 
three tiioufand pounds ftei ling. 
.. When the whole fortes were affembled in the Cher, 
fonelus, tliey amounted to about ten thoufand men. 
Their nearelt route into Greece lay througli the lame 
countries that had been traverled near a century btfoie 
by Xerxe.s but the aCtiviiy of Agefdausiaccompltlhed 
in a month what, to eallern effeminacy, had been the 
journey of a year. Agefilaus defcciuied witiiout relilt- 
ance into the plains of 1 hcffaly, where his progrefs was 
Hopped for a moment by the numerous cavalry of that 
country, whole petty princes had acceded to thealliaiice 
formed, tigainft the ambition of Sparta. By a judicious 
E C E. - jjo.i 
difpofition of his forces, and by evolutions equally fkil- 
fill aad rajid, he fpcedily furmounted this oL-ftacle. 
To the charge of the ThefTalian cavalry he oppofed the 
weight of his heavy-armed men, by whom the enemy 
were routed and put to fliglit. Then wifli his own 
horfemen he purfued them with gieat flaughter, took 
many prifjaners, and ereClcd a trophy of his vidtory be- 
tween tlie mountains Prantes and Narthacium, which 
form the weftern boundary of the extenlive plain of Co- 
ronasa. 
Inltead of continuing his journey through the hoftile 
country of Locris, he marched through the friendly 
territories of Doris and Phocis, that he might turn the 
fliock of the war againft the rebellious Thebans. He 
found them in arms witli their powerful allies, rather 
provoked than difeouraged by a bloody but undecifive 
battle, wbicb, loon after the difafter at Haliartus, had 
been fought againft the Lacedtemonians at Epiecia, a 
fmall town on the common frontier of Corinth and Si- 
cyon. The confeder.ite army was ftill about twenty 
thoufand flrong ; the forces of Agelilaus fully equalled 
that number, as be had received foiue conlidcrable rein¬ 
forcements. fl be hi Ifile battalions approached ; thofe 
of Agefilaus marching, in good order, from the banks 
oil tlie Cephilfus, while the Thebans impetuoully de- 
Icended from the mountains of Helicon. Before they 
arrived at the fcene of adlion, in the Boeotian plain of 
Corontea, a; city thirty miles diftant from Thebes, the 
fuperliirion of both armies was alarmed by an eclipfe 
of the lun ; but Agefilaus was alarmed, far more juftl)', 
by moll unexpected intelligence from the Ealt. 
Since the’Lacedaemonian fleet had been entrufted ter 
Pifander, the Perfian and Phoenician fquadrons had been 
coiumitted to a far more able commander. After the 
decifive engagement at aTigos-Potamos, whicli was lol- 
lowed by the taking of Athens, and the conclulion of 
the Peloponnelian war, Conon, the Athenian admiral, 
efcaped with a few gallics into the harbour of Salamis, 
the capital of the ifle of Cyprus. T hat city, and a 
conliderable part of the illand, was then fubject to Eva- 
goras, a man whom tlie voice of panegyric rejirefents as 
governing, with conlummate wifdom, a kingeiom which 
he had acquired by heroic valour. This prince boafted 
a defeent from Teucer, wlio, returning from the fiege 
of Troy eight liimdred years before the reign of Eva- 
goras, had founded the firft Grecian colony on the Cy¬ 
prian Ihore. During that long Ipace of time, Salamis 
had undergone various revolutions. Evagoras was born 
and educated under the reign of an ufurper, who fell 
by the dagger of an ali'aflin, who in his turn ali’umed 
the crown. Evagoras fled to Cilicia, obtained the pro¬ 
tection of the fatrap of that province, returned to Sa¬ 
lamis with a liandfui of men, lurprifed and dethroned 
the new tyrant, to whom he was not bound by any tie 
of allegiance, f rom the moment that he began to 
reign, he difeovered a partial fondnefs for Athens, 
in whole language, arts, and inllitutions, his youth had 
been liberally inltrUiSted ; and whit h afterwards formed 
the ftudy and delight of his manhood, the amufement 
and coniblation of his declining age. But unfortunately 
for the fenlibility and gratitude of Evagoras toivards a 
country to which he owed his education and his happi- 
nef's, he lived at a period when, before the fituation of 
his principality enabled him to afford any effectual af- 
fiftance to Atliens, he belield that proud republic de¬ 
prived of .the fplendour and dominion which Ihe had en¬ 
joyed above leyciiiy years. He lamented her misfor-. 
tunes with a filial tenderneis, and received with the 
kindeft hofpitality her afflicted citizens. T he virtuous 
and enterprifing Conon delerved his aff'edtion and efteem, 
and foon acquired the unlimited confidence of a mind 
congenial to his own. They acted with the happieit 
concert for the feciirity and aggrandifement of the little 
kingdom, alluring new inhabitants from Greece, in- 
creafuig their.arts and indultry, extending navigation 
and 
