THE ZOOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS. 
75 
To reach the next field investigated zoologically by an ex¬ 
pedition of the kind, it is necessary to cross the Himalayas 
and enter on the highlands of Tibet, 
On the military expedition to Lhassa in 1903-04; a 
member of the Indian Medical Service was instructed to 
make zoological collections on behalf of the Government of 
India. As the specimens were obtained, they were sent 
down to Calcutta and were sorted out in the Museum. 
By order of the Viceroy (Lord Curzon), however, they were 
then dispatched to London, and only a comparatively small 
number of duplicates were finally returned to India. 
As an indirect result of the expedition the Museum pro¬ 
fited much more extensively, for several of the medical officers 
who have been stationed at Gyantze have presented valuable 
collections. Special mention in this connection may be made 
of Capt. F. H. Stewart, I.M.S., the results of whose work in 
Tibet on the aquatic fauna were published in the Records of 
the Indian Museum in 1911 and 1912. 
Bhutan is still an unknown country to naturalists and 
its territory represents the most important gap in our geogra¬ 
phical knowledge of the Himalayan fauna. East of Bhutan 
two expeditions of very different date are of zoological im¬ 
portance, namely the Dafla Expedition of 1874-75 and the 
Abor Expedition of 1911-12. 
On the first of these, Godwin-Austen, then a major in 
the Royal Engineers attached to the Survey of India, him¬ 
self made collections of great value, and also encouraged 
his subordinate officers to do the like. A large proportion 
of these specimens he generously presented to the Indian 
Museum. Among them are included many examples of 
rare or almost unknown beetles and lizards, crustacea and 
mammals. 
The Abor Expedition of 1911-1912 was the first frontier 
expedition on which permission was given for a scientific 
man to accompany the force solely in the capacity of zoolo¬ 
gist and anthropologist. Mr. S. W. Kemp, Senior Assistant 
Superintendent in the Zoological Section of the Indian 
Museum, was the naturalist to whom this pioneer service was 
granted. He was given unstinted assistance by many 
