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machine in the patent-office at Washington. The woollen goods 
most in demand in this country, are blue middling, grey mixed, 
(principally used for pantaloons,) and red and white flannel cloths. 
The red flannels are in great demand. 
The cotton factory is employed in spinning and weaving. The 
printing of cottons has not yet been attempted, as the stamps can¬ 
not be procured without great expense and difficulty, and the 
fashions of printed calico are very changeable. The coloured 
cottons wove here are blue and white, mixed; a stuff of this co¬ 
lour much in demand in Tennessee, is called cassinet, the chain 
of which is of cotton, and the filling of wool. The spinning ma¬ 
chines are of the common kind, each of which have one hundred 
„and fifty spools at work. The first machine, which does the coarse 
spinning, has been much improved, so as to save a great deal of 
manual labour. There are also some power-looms here, though 
not many, neither have they at present but one dressing machine. 
Many of the machines are made in Pittsburgh; most of them, 
however, at Economy. As this establishment has been so re¬ 
cently founded, it is natural enough that but few machines should 
be prepared or in operation. The factories and workshops are 
warmed during winter by means of pipes connected with the 
steam-engine. All the workmen, and especially the females, have 
very healthy complexions, and moved me deeply by the warm¬ 
hearted friendliness with which they saluted the elder Rapp. I 
was also much gratified to see vessels containing fresh, sweet¬ 
smelling flowers standing on all the machines. The neatness 
which universally reigns here, is in every respect worthy of 
praise. 
After visiting these interesting factories, we went to Mr. 
Rapp’s temporary duelling, a good frame house, in order to take 
tea. I saw here his unmarried, rather faded daughter, and his 
blooming grandchild, Gertrude, the daughter of his only son, con¬ 
cerning whose death such strange reports are circulated. The 
table was decorated with beautiful silver plate, and Rapp appeared 
to be rejoiced, to indicate by its possession, his well-merited pros¬ 
perity. He commenced his business, as he informed me, with 
very slender means; when he began at New Harmony, he had to 
contend with the bitterest want, and more than once, had not 
bread for his community. He sent Frederick Rapp to Pittsburgh, 
to procure store goods, and absolutely necessary provisions, upon 
credit. The latter found himself generally repulsed, and remained 
the whole night awake in Pittsburgh, lamenting the cruelty of man¬ 
kind. The elder Rapp, who waited in vain for his return, went 
to his hou^e, also lamenting his situation, but not in the least 
doubtful of Providence, who watched over him and his; nor was 
his confidence misplaced. The heart of one Pittsburgh merchant 
