Jacobs & Everett, Austrostipa 
583 
or less keeled, often acute or acuminate, rarely muticous or mucronate, l-5(-7)- 
nerved, equal or unequal, usually longer than the floret (excluding awn). Floret 
disarticulating above the glumes, several times longer than wide, cylindrical, fusiform, 
pyriform or turbinate, rarely slightly gibbous, with a long, oblique, bearded, usually 
pungent-pointed (or rarely short and obtuse) callus. Lemma coriaceous, indurated, 
with convolute (or rarely involute) margins usually enclosing the palea and flower, 
3—5(—7)-nerved, tapering at the tip and sometimes, though often only minutely, 1- or 
2-Iobed, awned from the tip or between the lobes. Awn flexuose or once or twice 
geniculate, with a twisted column (when mature) and a straight or curved bristle, 
variously glabrous to plumose. Palea membranous, hyaline or somewhat indurated, 
nerveless or 2-nerved, subequal to or shorter than the lemma. Lodicules 3 or 2, 
membranous, glabrous, lanceolate to spathulate, non-vascular. Stamens 3, frequently 
penicillate. Ovary glabrous; styles 2, free; stigmas plumose, tips exserted. Caryopsis 
- FALCATAE 
- AUSTROSTIPA 
- LOBATAE 
- LANCEA 
- LONGIARISTATAE 
- LANTERNA 
- AULAX 
- ARBUSCULA 
- CERES 
- EREMOPHILAE 
- TUBERCULATAE 
- PETAURISTA 
-—— BAMBUSINA 
-JOINVILLEA 
Fig. 2. Relationships of the subgenera of Austrostipa, based on a consensus cladogram from 
Everett (1990) but manually redrawn with some extra characters interpolated, some corrections 
to character scoring, and some simplification. Joinvillea is the outgroup. 
