G R E 
nomy-are,built upon it, and to throw the agronomical 
part .of. his Principia into a new and more intelligible 
form. ’The"author's merit in it received the moft dif- 
tinguiflied luftre from the particular approbation given 
to it by that incomparable man himfelf, who communi¬ 
cated to Dr. Gregory his theory of the moon, after he 
had improved it to fo much’exactness, as to be able to 
correct by it Mr. Flamfteed’s bed obfervations. It 
-was afterwards tranflated into Englifli, of which the fe- 
cond edition appeared in 1726, in two volumes oCtavo, 
entitled, The Elements of phyfical and geometrical Af-" 
tronomy, by David Gregory, M. D. &c. to which is 
annexed Dr. Halley’s Synopfis of the Aftronomy of 
Comets. The whole newly revifed, &c. by Edmund 
Stone, F. R. S. In the year 1703 Dr. Gregory pub- 
liflied his fplendid folio editionof The Works of Euclid, 
in Greek and Latin ; an undertaking which had been 
begun by his predeceflor Dr. Bernard, in compliance 
with the directions of Savile, who left it in charge to 
the two profeflors on his foundation to print the works 
of all the ancient mathematicians. The next work to 
which Dr. Gregory devoted his attention,, in compli¬ 
ance with Mr. Savile’s injunction, was to prepare, con¬ 
jointly with Dr. Halley, a new edition of Apollonius Co¬ 
nics ; but he had not proceeded far in this undertaking 
before he was cut off by death, in 1710, when only in 
the forty-ninth year of his age. To his genius and abi¬ 
lities the molt celebrated mathematicians of the age, 
Newton, Halley, and Keill, have given ample teftimo- 
nies. Befides the works already mentioned, two poft- 
liumous pieces of his made their appearance: one, A 
lliort Treatife of the Nature and Arithmetic of Loga¬ 
rithms, which was printed at the end of Dr. Keill’s 
tranflation of Commandine’s Euclid ; and the other, A 
Treatife of practical Geometry, which was tranflated and 
publiflied in 1745, by Mr. Maclaurin, in 8vo. Healfo 
left behind him feveral manufcripts Itill inedited, and 
among others, A Commentary on Newton’s Principia, 
which that great man is reported to have valued, and 
to have kept by him for many years after the author’s 
death. 
James Gregory, the brother of the preceding, and 
the fecond fon of Mr. David Gregory of Kinnairdie, 
inherited the genius of his family, and rofe to eminence 
in his time as~a mathematician. Upon Dr. David Gre¬ 
gory’s obtaining the Savilian profeflbrfliip of aftronomy 
at Oxford, he fucceeded him in the profeflbrfliip of ma¬ 
thematics at Edinburgh ; which office he held for thirty- 
three years with great reputation, and retiring in 1725, 
was fucceeded by the celebrated Maclaurin. 
Charles Gregory, brother of the two preceding 
profefTors, and the third fon of Mr. Gregory of Kin¬ 
nairdie, was created profeflor of mathematics at St. An¬ 
drews, by queen Anne, in 1707. This office he held 
with reputation and ability for thirty-tw/o years, and, re- 
figning in 1739, was fucceeded by his fon David Gre¬ 
gory. This gentleman p6defied great worth, agreea¬ 
ble manners, and was remarkably endowed with the ta¬ 
lent of communicating the knowledge of his fcience to 
his pupils. He died in 1763. He publifhed, in Latin, 
a very good compendium of arithmetic and algebra, 
with the title, Arithmetica & Algebra Compendium,, in Ufum 
Juventutis Academic a, Ed in. 1736.. 
GREG'ORY (John, M.D.) a mifcellaneous writer, 
born in 1724, at Aberdeen, where his father, Dr. James 
Gregory, was profeflor of medicine in King’s college. 
He received his education in the grammar-fchool and 
univerfity of that place, and in 1742 removed to Edin¬ 
burgh for-the ftudy of phyfic, which he afterwards pur- 
fued at Leyden. The degree of M.D. was fent him 
from Aberdeen in 1745, and upon his return from Hol¬ 
land he was elected profeflor of philofophy in that uni¬ 
verfity. He lectured on mathematics, on experimental 
and moral philofophy, till the end of 1749, when he re- 
figned his poll, in order to devote his attention folely to 
G R E 15 
phyftc. In 1752 he married Elizabeth, daughter of 
lord Forbes,'a lady celebrated for perfonal. and mental 
accomplishments-. Two years afterwards, he fettled in 
London, where he was made fellow of the Royal So¬ 
ciety, and might probably have fucceeded in practice, 
had he not, in 1755, chofen to accept the chair of me¬ 
dicine in King’s college, Aberdeen, vacant by the death 
of his brother. His reputation, liotlf profeflional and 
literary ^gradually extended itfelf, and fome dil'courles 
which he read at a literary fociety became the founda- 
tion of a work which made him advantageoufly known 
to the public, entitled, A'comparative View of the 
State and Faculties of Man with thofe of the Animal 
World, T2mo. It was printed in 1764, at the folicita- 
tion of lord Lyttleton, without the author’s.name, and 
by an anonymous editor. It was well received, and 
went through a third edition in 1766. Dr. Gregory in 
1764 removed to Edinburgh ; and' upon the refignation 
of Dr. Rutherford, in 1766, was elected to the chair of 
phyfic in that univerfity. He was now placed in a fitu- 
ation where his abilities could be juftly appreciated and 
adequately rewarded. His two preliminary lectures. 
On the Duties and Offices of a Phyfician, and on the 
Method of profecuting Enquiries in Philofophy, Were 
publiflied in 1769, in a feparate volume, and were uni- 
verfally admired for their elegance of ftyle, and the fpi- 
rit of benevolence which they breathed. After lectur¬ 
ing fome years in his proper branch, he made an agree¬ 
ment with Dr. Cullen for alternately interchanging the 
leCturelhip on the theory and on the practice of phyfic • 
by which arrangement the Undents had the benefit of 
the whole medical fyltem of both thefe eminent profef- 
fors. In 1772 he publiflied, Elements of the Practice 
of Phyfic, being an enlarged fyllabus of his lectures. 
This volume, however, terminated with the febrile dif- 
eafes. He did not long furvive ; for having gone to 
bed in apparent health, on February 9, 1773, he was 
found dead in the morning without the lealt difcompo- 
fure of feature or limb. In the next year, a'piece which 
he had compofed foon after the death of his wife was 
publiflied, under the title of, A Father’s Legacy to his 
Daughters, i2mo. It contains feveral heads of advice 
for the conduCl of young females, on all of which are 
given many valuable and judicious obfervations, dif- 
playing much knowledge of the world. All the works 
of Dr. Gregory were publiflied together in four volumes 
8vo.1788. 
GREG'ORY’s SOUND, a narrow’ ftrait of the lea, 
between the illands of Arranmore s and Inifmain, on the 
weft coaft of Ireland. 
GREGS'TOWN, a town of the American'States, 
in Somerfet county, Newjerfey, on the eaft fide of Mill- 
ftone river, fix miles north-eafterly of Princeton, and 
nine fouth-weft of New Brunfwick. 
GREIF'P'ENBERG, a town of Silefia, in the princi¬ 
pality of Jauer: eight miles fouth-weft of Loewenbergj' 
and fourteen north of Hirfchberg. 
GREIF'FENBERG, a town of Germany, in the cir¬ 
cle of Upper Saxony, and UckerMark of Brandenburg: 
four miles north of New Angermunde. 
GREIF'FENBERG, a town of Germany, in the cir¬ 
cle of Upper Saxony, in Hinder Pomerania : fix miles 
north-north-weft of Plate, and fifteen north of Neugar- 
ten. Lat. 53.53. N. Ion. 32.55. E. Ferro. 
GREIF'FENHAGEN, a town of Germany, in the 
circle of Upper Saxony, in Hinder Pomerania: tliirty- 
deven miles north of Cuftrin,' and twelve fouth of Old 
Stettin. Lat. 53.12. N. Ion. 32.15. E. Ferro. 
GREIF'FENSEE, a town of Swiflerland, in the can¬ 
ton of Zurich, on a lake of the fame name ; burned, in 
1444, by the confederates, who put the garrifon to the 
fword : fix miles eaft of Zurich. 
GREIF'FENSEE, a lake of Swiflerland, in the can¬ 
ton of Zurich : five miles eaft of Zurich. 
GREIF'FENSTEIN, a town and caftle of Silefia, 
