16 G R E 
in the principality of Jauer: two miles fouth of Greif- 
fenberg. 
GREIF'FENSTEIN, a town of Germany, in the 
circle of the Upper Rhine, and principality of Solms 
Braunfels: feven miles north-north-weft of Braunfels, 
and thirty-four north of M.entz. Lat. 5.0. 31. N. Ion. 
26. E. Ferro. 
GREIFS'WALDE, or Grispwald, a fea-port town 
of Germany,,in the circle of Upper Saxony, and Swedirti 
Pomerania, fituated on the river Rik, which is navi¬ 
gable to the Baltic, with an univerfity, founded in the 
.year 1456 by Wratiflaus IX. fifteen miles fouth-eaft of 
Stralfund. Lat. 5,4. 4. N.. lorn 31. 17. E. Ferro. 
GREIL'LENSTAIN, a town of Germany, in the 
ttrcliduchy of Auftria : one mile weft o;f Horn. 
GREIN, a town of Germany, in the archduchy of 
Auftria, fituated on the north fide of the Danube: four¬ 
teen miles weft of Ips, and fixty-two. weft of Vienna. 
Eat. 48,. 16. N,.- lo,n. 42. 39. E. Ferro. 
GRE1TZ, or Graitz, or Grewitz, a town of Ger¬ 
many, in the circle of Upper Saxony, in the Vogtland, 
with fome fluff manufactures, fituated on a final! river 
which runs into the Blfter. It contains.abo.ut 450 houfes: 
ten miles; north-north-eaft of Plauen, and twelve fouth- 
w:e,ft of Zwickau. 
GREK'SAKER, a town of Sweden, in the province 
of Weftmanland : forty-eight miles weft of Stroemftrolm . 
GRE'MIAL, adj. [gremium, Lat.] Pertaining to the. 
lap. 
GREM'SA, one of the fmaller Orkney Iftands, be- 
twe.eff Pamona. and Hoy. 
GRENADA,.or Gra.na.da, fometimes called Upper 
A.ndalufia,, a province of Spain, bounded: on the north 
by New Caftile, on the. eaft by Murcia, on the fouth by 
tire Mediterranean^and on the weft by, Andalufia, aboyt 
170 mil.esinlength„andifi:om twenty to ninety imbreadrh. 
As. this country lies -op-polite to Africa, and: the coaft is 
much expofed. tq the ravages of corhur.s, a great number 
of-towers and fprts are erected along the coafts. This 
province is one of the molt healthy and moft temperate 
ip : Spain ; and fp fertile, as.fc.arcely to ftand in need of 
human induftry; and culture; rivers, brooks, and Iprings, 
are innumerable. When in the. polfelliOn of the Moors, 
it was-one of the molt populous and rich countries in 
the. world ; at prefent.it is not To. However, generally 
fpeaking, the land produces Cdrn, wine., oil, liigar., ftax, 
and hemp. The mountains and the plains produce great 
variety of excellent fruit, as pomegranates^ citrons, 
oranges, olives,, capers, figs,/ and almonds ; mulberry- 
trees grow in abundance, by which means great quanti¬ 
ties, of filk are produced.. In the fore fts are culleCled 
gall-nuts,, of ufe in tire preparation of leather, and dye¬ 
ing, in general. The acorns of the country,.belides being 
ufed’for cattle, are of fo delicate a tafte, as to be pre¬ 
ferred, to filberts; the raiftns are of two kinds, namely, 
thole dried by the ; fun on the branches, called paJJ'erillas 
dilfol, and the others, called pajferillasde lexia, are dipped 
iff leypiia.de with the allies of the burnt branches* and 
afterwards dried, in the fun. Honey and wax are abun¬ 
dant. In the mountains-,, near Anteq-uera, a great deal 
of excellent fait is made, not; by.-fira, but by the heat 
of the fun, which is.fufficieut for the evaporation of the 
moifture/c In feveral- places are quarries of excellent 
. ftone for building:; and in Tome places hyacinths, and 
other precious ftoae.s, are found. 
The inhabitants of tlfe country, though greatly dege¬ 
nerated from the induftry and vigilance of their fore¬ 
fathers, are-Hill the moil laborious in tlve fou.ther.ns parts- 
ef Spain. They are. fond, of eomme.ree and.agriculture ; 
they are of xn-ild and poiiihed. manners, and fo. lober, 
that they drink but little wine themfeives, and! never 
give any to their children; This, province firft became 
a dirtinct kingdom in thee thirteemth-,century, when-the 
Moorilh ■ king Abenluid,, who reftded at Cordova, hav- 
i ng, ini 236, loft, his life and; ctown in a battle agal 11 ft 
the Chnftians, liis fubjeifts and followers betook, them- 
G R E 
felves to Grenada, and chofea new king, who made this 
city his place of reftdence. This kingdom, which was 
the la ft of the Moorilh, then contained thirty-two large 
towms, and ninety-feven fmaller, and continued from the 
year 1236 to 1492, when Ferdinand the Catholic reduced 
it, and annexed it to the crown of Caftile. Grenada is 
the capital. The principal rivers are the Xenil and the 
Guadalentin. 
GRENADA, a city of Spain, and capital of the 
above-deferibed province, is faid to have been founded 
2800 years before Chrift. It is fituated at the foot ef 
the Sierra Nevada , or Snowy Mountains, on two hills, 
which arc feparated by a river called Darro , which foon 
after joins the Xenil, that pafles by the walls of the 
town. It is divided into four quarters, of which the 
principal bears the name of Grenada, and is inhabited 
by-the nobility, clergy, and the richeft of the citizens, 
with many public and private buildings. In this part¬ 
is the cathedral; not remarkable for its extent, but for 
its beautiful dome ; feveral of the Caftilian kings and 
queens lie buried in this church. The fecond quarter 
is that of Alhambra, which is inhabited by defendants 
from the ancient Moors. Here are two palaces, one 
built in 1280, by the fecond king of the Moors, the 
remains of which bear evidence of its wonderful mag¬ 
nificence; the other palace was built by the emperor 
Charles V. A little above the Alhambra, is another 
beautiful palace, called Ginaraliph, or Xeneralif, built 
by a Moorilh prince, from the balconies of which is faid 
to be one of the moft beautiful profpecls in Europe, 
over the fertile plains of Grenada, terminated by moun¬ 
tains, whofe tops are covered with fnow. The third 
quarter is called A’lbaycin, anciently a fauxbourg, built 
by the Arabians. It ftands on two hills, and contains 
near one thoufand houfes, chiefly, inhabited by the 
defendants of the Moors. The fourth is called Ante. 
qfferuela-, chiefly inhabited by people from Antequera, 
who- are- almoft wholly employed in the different ma- - 
nufaCfttres of filk, which conftitutes the principal com¬ 
merce of tiie place. The ftreets of Grenada are nar¬ 
row, irregular, and badly paved ; none of the houfes 
deleave the name of palaces. It is the fee of an arch- 
biftiop, and contains twenty-four parilh churches, thir- 
ty-eight convents of both fexes, thirteen hofpitals, an 
univerfity, an amphitheatre for bulb-fights, a tribunal of 
inqtiifition, and about' 90,000 fouls. The country lying 
round about the city, and efpeciaily that which extends 
to the fouth and : the weft, is called La Vega de Gre¬ 
nada ; or the Orchard of Grenada, from its fertility, and 
is full of plea-flint towns and villages. Grenada had 
formerly twenty gates, twelve of which only now re¬ 
main. The Moors have left more monuments in Gres, 
nad-a than in any other city in Spain; and, among the 
lolles which they fuftained in that country, are laid to 
regret nothing but Grenada; they mention it in all their 
evening prayers, and fupplicate Heaven to reftbre it' to 
their polfetlion : 188 miles fouth of Madrid. Lat. 37. 
17. N. Ion. 13. 3-. E. Peak of Tenerrfte. 
GRENADA,' one of the Caribbee iflands, in the 
Weft Indies-, about twenty-eight miles from north to 
-fouth, and thirteen wide in the centre, but gradually 
narrowing towards, each extremity, hence it is very 
nearly of the figure and fize-of the Ille of Wight. It 
was difeovered by Chrifiopher Columbus, in 1498. A 
chain of lofty hills- erodes it from north to fouth, in the 
centre eft' which is a large lake, from which lev-eral ri¬ 
vers taxe their ri-lb. Near the coaft the foil' is. good', 
and'produces-indigo-, fugar* tobacco, coffee, cocoa, and 
cotton game is alio abundant. Among the birds, the 
moft common are turtle-doves' and' parroquets. The;, 
chief river ft lb are eels, mullets* and cray-filh. Ten 
riversrun into the lea towards the eaft, three to the 
north* eight to the v/elf, and five to the Touth-eaft, all 
lufficient to 1 drive fugar-milis', and capable of becoming- 
harbours for veiTcls. The principal harbours are Port 
Louis, and St. George. In 1638, the French attempted' 
a ' to 
