18 
G R E 
the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. Its commerce 
is confiderable in indigo, cochineal, hides, and fugar. 
In 1680, it was taken and burnt by the Englifh and 
French freebooters : fifty miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Leon. 
Lat. 12. 5. N. Ion. 69. W. Ferro. 
GREN'ADA (New), a province of South America, 
in the Spanifh government of Terra Firma, and called 
the New Kingdom of Grenada; bounded on the north 
by the provinces of St. Matthew and Venezuela, on the 
fouth-eaft "by Guiana, on the louth by countries tin- 
known, and on the weft by the provinces of Carthagena 
and Popayan ; firft difcovered in, 1536. Ferdinand de 
Lugo, admiral of the Canaries, fent Gonzalo Ximenes 
deQuefada, his lieutenant, from St. Martha, to difcover 
the country fituated along the river Magdalena. Ximenes 
travelled by land along the left bank of that river, but 
met with great difficulties, on account of the thick woods 
and vaft number of rivers, rapid ftreams, and marfltes, 
he had to crofs; but principally on account of the fre¬ 
quent inroads of the natives. He came to a plkce named 
Tora, which he called Puebla de los Brachas, on account 
of four rivers that joined there. At this place he pafled 
the winter, having travelled, as he reckoned, 150 leagues 
from the fea-coaft up the land. Next fpring, he went 
np the banks of another river, till he came to the foot of 
a high mountain called Opon, fifty leagues broad, very 
fteep and defect: having palled thefe, he came into an 
even plain country, well cultivated, where they gather¬ 
ed a great deal of fait from certain fait fprings. Thence 
he came with his people into the province of a powerful 
cacique, Bogota, whom they defeated. They after¬ 
wards plundered the villages of the Indians, where they 
found ftores of gold and emeralds. Thence they went 
into the country of the Panchos, feparated from that of 
Bogota by little hills, and entered into a valley which 
they called the Trumpet, fifteen leagues diftant from a 
very high mountain, bare of trees, and from which the 
Indians got emeralds. While they ftaid in that valley, 
they took an immenfe booty and abundance of gold. 
Three days journey farther, they fubdued two other 
caciques: and being returned into the province of Bo¬ 
gota, they pafled through the country of the Panchos, 
and obliged the greater number to make peace. 
Ximenes, fudging that this country was now fuffici- 
ently difcovered and fubdued, called it the New King¬ 
dom of Grenada, becaufe he was a native of the pro¬ 
vince bearing that name in Old Spain, and built the city of 
Santa Fe, which is the capital. The natives ufe maize, 
or the caffava-root, inftead of bread. They have plenty 
of fait, which they fell to great profit in the neighbour¬ 
ing countries, particularly th'o'fe fituated in the moun¬ 
tains, and along the river Magdalena. They have ltore 
of game; the lakes and rivers abound with fiffi. The 
natives are tall, and wear black, white, or variegated, 
cloaks, which they tie round the waift with a faffi. 
They adorn their heads with firings of painted flowers, 
very ingenioull.y made of cotton. The country abounds 
with gold and lilver mines, and produces plenty of corn 
and fruit; and the inhabitants breed a number of horfes 
and mules, which they fend to Peru. 
GREN'ADA (Louis de), aSpanilh dominican monk, 
born in the city whence he derived his furname, in 
1504. He was educated in the family of the marquis de 
Mondejar, and afterwards embracing the eccleliaftical 
life, acquired a high character for fanctity and virtue, 
and was chofen to-fill the moft honourable pofts in his 
order. He was alfo much admired for. his pulpit ta¬ 
lents, and was held in high confideration by the kings 
of Portugal and Caftile. He uniformly refufed all the 
offers of ecclefiaftical preferment which were made to 
him,, and devoted his days to the aufterities of monaftic 
difcjpline, and the compofition of pious and devotional 
treatifes. St. Charles Borromeo and St. Francis de 
Sales held his writings in high efteem ; and pope Gre¬ 
gory XIII. under whofe pontificate they were com- 
G R E 
pofed, was laviffi in his encomiums.on them, declaring- 
that the author, by fending them into the world, had 
fhewn himfelf as great a benefactor to the church, as he 
could have done bj' giving life to the dead, and eyes to 
the blind. The author died in-the year 1588. His 
works confift of, 1. The Sinner’s Guide. 2. Memorial 
of a Chriftian Life, in 3 vols. 3. A Catechifm, in 4. 
vols. 4. A Treatife on Prayer, in 2 vols. 5. A Trea- 
tiTe on the Duty of Bifhops. 6. InftruCtions for Preach¬ 
ers. 7. Sermons, in the Latin language, in 6 vols. 
The greater part of them have been tranfiated from the 
Spanifh and Latin into French, by father Girard, and 
publiflied in 2 vols. folio, and 8 vols. 8vo. 
GRENA'DE, f [from pomum gmnatum, Lat.] A 
little hollow globe or ball of iron, or other metal, about 
two inches and a half in diameter, which, being filled 
with fine powder, is fet on fire by means of a fmall fufee 
faftened to the touch-hole; as foon as it explodes, the 
cafe flies into many fhatters, much to the damage of all 
that (land near. 
GRENA'DE, a town of France, and principal place 
of a diftriCt, in the department of the Upper Garonne: 
four leagues north-north-weft of Touloufe, and fix 
fouth-fouth-eaft of Caftel Sarafin. Lat. 43.45. N. Ion. 
18. 58. E. Ferro. 
GRENA'DE, a town of France, in the department 
of the Landes, and chief place of a canton, in the diftriCt 
of St. Sever: feven miles eaft of St. Sever. 
GRENADIER', \_grenadier> Fr. from grenade .] A 
tall foot-foldier, of whom there is.one company in every 
regiment: fuch men being often employed to throw gre¬ 
nades : 
Peace allays the fhepherd’s fear 
Of wearing cap of grenadier. Gay. 
GRENADIL'LAS, or Grenadines, a clufter of 
iflands in the Weft Indies, dependent on Grenada, and 
fituated between that ifland and St. Vincent’s ; they are 
upwards of twenty in number, moft of which are fertile, 
and capable of producing cotton, coffee, indigo, and fu¬ 
gar. The air is healthy, but there are ho fprings of 
freffi water. The moft confiderable is Carinacou. 
GRENA'DO, f. See Grena'dk. 
GRENA'NT, a town of France, in the department 
of the Upper Marne, and chief place of a canton, in 
the diftriCt of Langres: ten miles fouth-fouth-eaft of 
Langres. 
GREN'CHEN, a town of Swifferland, in the Valais: ■ 
twenty-five miles eaft of Sion. 
GRENIER', mountains of Hindooftan, in the coun¬ 
try of Guzerat, near Juniagur. 
GRENO'BLE, a city of France, and capital of the 
department of the Ifere, fituated on the river Here, not 
far from its conflux with the Drac. Before the revolu¬ 
tion it was the capital of Dauphiny, the fee of a bifhop,. 
and the feat of a parliament. Without the town was a 
convent of Minims, where the illuftrious chevalier 
Bayard was interred, whofe uncle was the founder: 
thirteen pofts and a half fouth-eaft of Lyons, and fe- 
venty-one and a half fouth-fouth-eaft of Paris. Lat. 45. 
12. N. Ion. 23. 24. E. Ferro. 
GRENVIL'LE, a town of Nova Scotia: two miles 
from Annapolis, and twenty weft of Halifax. 
GREP'PIN; a town of Germany, in the circle of Up¬ 
per Saxony, and electorate of Saxony : two miles north-- 
north-weft of Bitterfeld. 
GRES (Cape au), a promontory on the eaftern fide 
of the 'Miffiflippi, in the nor4h-weft territory of North 
America, eight leagues above the Illinois river; and 
the trad of country fio called, extends five leagues on 
that river. There is a gradual defcent back to delight¬ 
ful meadows, and to beautiful and fertile uplands, wa¬ 
tered by feveral rivulets, which fall into the Illinois 
river, between thirty and forty miles from its entrance 
into the Miffiflippi, and into the latter at Cape au Gres. 
