G U A 
S2 G U A 
GUADALAVIAR.', a river of Spain, which runs 
into the fea near Valentia. 
GUADAllAX'ARA, or Great River, in Mexico 
or New Spain, rifes in the mountains of the valley of 
Toloccan, where ftands the city of Guadalajara, or 
Guadalaxara, the capital of New Galicia. After run¬ 
ning a eourfe of more than fix hundred'miles, it empties 
into the Pacific Ocean in the zzd degree of north lat. 
It has ftupendous falls, fifteen miles fouth of the city of 
its name. 
GUADALBU'LON, a river of Spain, which runs 
into the Guadalquiver a little above Andujar. 
GUADALCA'NAL, one of the Ifiands of Solomon, 
in the Southern Pacific Ocean. 
GUADALCA'NAL, a town of Spain, in the pro¬ 
vince of Eftremadura, in the mountain of Morena : ten 
miles fouth of Llerena. 
GUADALCAZAR', a town of, Spain, in the king¬ 
dom of Cordova : twelve miles fouth-well of Cordova. 
GUADALEN'TIN, a river of Spain, which empties 
itfelf into the Gulf of Carthagena, at Almacaren. 
GUADALE'TE, a river of Spain, which runs into 
the fea at Cadiz. 
GUADA'LIX, a town of Spain, in New Caftile: 
twenty-two miles north of Madrid. 
GUADALMA^AR', a river of Spain, which runs 
into the lea near Vera in Murcia. 
GUADALMEDE'NA, a river of Spain, which runs 
into the fea near Malaga. 
GUADALOU'PE, a river of Spain, which rims into 
the Ebro, at Cafpe, in the province of Aragon. 
GUADALbU'PE, a river of Spain, which runs into 
the Guadiana in the province of Eftremadura. 
GUADALOU'PE, or Guadaloup, an ifiand of the 
Weft Indies, and one of the largeft of thofe called the 
Leeward Ifiands; about twb hundred and fifty miles in 
circumference. It is divided into two parts by a chan¬ 
nel, about a league and a half over, called the Salt River , 
navigable only for canoes, which runs north and fouth, 
and communicates with the fea on both by a large bay 
at each end, of which that on the north is called Grand- 
Cul de Sac; and that on the fouth Petit Cul de Sac. 
The eaft part of the ifland is called Grande Terre, and is 
about nineteen leagues from Antigua point on the 
north-weft to the point of Guadaloupe on the fouth- 
eaft; and about nine leagues and a half in the middle, 
where broadeft ; this part is about forty leagues iir cir¬ 
cumference. The weft part, which is properly Guada¬ 
loupe, according to Laet, is fubdivided by a ridge of 
mountains into Capes-terre on the weft, and Bafle-terre 
on the eaft. This is twelve leagues from north to fouth, 
and feven and a half where broadeft; and about forty 
leagues in circuit. Both parts would be joined by an 
ifthmus a league and a half in breadth, were it not cut 
through by the river. Labat fays that the French were 
obliged to abandon Grand-terre in 1696, by reafon of 
the frequent incurlions and depredations committed 
there by the Englifh from Antigua and Montferrat. 
Befides, this part is deftitute of frelh water, which is fo 
plentiful in the other (properly called Guadaloupe, as 
having been firft difcoVered and inhabited), that it has 
enough to fupply the neighbouring ifiands. He makes 
the latter thirty-five leagues in compafs, and both 
ifiands together about ninety. The Salt-river, he fays, 
is about fifty toifes, or three hundred feet, over at its 
mouth, towards the Great Cul de Sac, from whence it 
grows narrower, fo that in fome places it is not above 
ninety feet over. Its depth is likewife as unequal as its 
breadth, for in fome places it will carry a (hip of five 
hundred tons, and in others hardly bear a veflel of fifty, 
ft is a.fmpoth clear ftream, above two leagues from the 
one Cul de Sac to the other, and.finely lhaded for the 
moft part with mangroves. The air here is very clear and 
healthy ; and not fo hot as in Martinico. Here is alfo 
pleuty of water, and as good as the foil is rich, which 
4 
laft is not inferior to that of Martinico ; it is equally 
cultivated, and its produce is the fame with that of 
Martinico. The French firft began to fend colonies to 
Guadaloupe about the year 1632; but made 110 great 
figure till the eighteenth century, fince the beginning 
of which it has vaftly increafed, and the French have 
fortified it with feveral regular forts. Bafte-terre, which 
is the-capital, is regularly built, and well defended. 
Point a Pierre is alfo a neat town with one of the belt 
harbours in the Weft Indies. The whole ifland, id 
1790, was fuppofed to contain about twelve thoufand 
whites, and fixty thoufand negroes and mulattoes. 
This ifland was firft difeovered by Chriftopher Co¬ 
lumbus, who fave it the name it now bears, from the 
refemblance it was fuppofed to have to the mountain fd 
called in Old Spain. His landing was oppofed by the 
women of the ifland with their bows and arrows, 
but they were foon difperfed by the fire-arms of the 
Spaniards, who obtained an edfy pofleflionof the ifland. 
They found the houfes ftored with large quantities of 
cotton, fpuri and u.nfpun, and looms for weaving it; 
mention is likewife made of iron bows and arrows, and 
cotton hammocks. Among the vegetable productions 
are the tree which yields the copayba balfam ; the 
milk-fhrub, which yields a balfamic liquor ltkemilk; 
the moubane-tree, which bears a yellow plum, ufed 
by the natives to fatten their hogs; the corbary-tree, 
which bears a gum fimilar to amber; a kind of cinna¬ 
mon-tree, aloes, and fandalwood ; indigo, cocoa, coffee, 
and cotton. Among the birds difeovered in the ifland 
were parrots, partridges, turtle-doves, herons, and fal¬ 
cons ; but the moft extraordinary is that called the devil- 
bird ; it is a fifhing bird of paflage, of the fize of a 
young pullet, with a plumage jet black. The bees are 
black, fmall, and without fting ; the honey never har¬ 
dens, but is always of the confidence of oil. A ding¬ 
ing infedt, called, ravet ,.\s very troublefome in this 
ifland, gnawing paper, books, and furniture, and would 
be intolerable were it not for a large fpider, which en¬ 
tangles them in its web, and otherways deftroys"them. 
On a very lofty mountain is a confiderable volcano, call¬ 
ed the fulphur mountain; and here the Indians who fell 
brimftone refort in great numbers to colledl this article. 
In 1775, the exports of Guadaloupe were 1-88,386 quin¬ 
tals of lugar, 63,029 of coffee, 1438 of indigo, 10240! co¬ 
coa, and 5193 of cotton, befides hides and other articles, 
and without including the barter with Martinico and 
other ifiands. In 1759, Guadaloupe was taken by the 
Englilh, and reftored at the peace in 1763. It was 
again taken by the Englifli in April 1794, but evacuated 
in the month of February 1795. Lat. 15. 55. to 16. 37. 
N. Ion. 43. 24. to 54. 15. W. Ferro. 
GUADALOU'PE, a fmall ifland on the coaft of Ca¬ 
lifornia, inmorth lat. 90. 5. weft Ion. 118. 
GUADALOU'PE, or bT. Maria de Guadaloupe, 
a town of Spain, in the province of Eftremadura, fitu- 
ated in a valley, abounding with vines, orange-trees,- 
fig-trees, Sc c. on a river of the fame : forty-five miles 
fouth-weft of Toledo. 
GU ADALQUI'VIR, a river of Spain, which rifes in 
New Caftile, and empties itfelf into the fea about fix 
leagues north-weft of Cadiz. 
GUADALQUIVIVE'JO, a river of Spain, which 
runs into the fea about five miles fouth-fouth-weft of 
Malaga. 
GUADARME'NA, a river of Spain, which runs 
into the Guadalquivir near Ubeda. 
GUADARRA'MA, a town of Spain, in New Caf¬ 
tile, celebrated for its cheefe : fix leagues north-weft of 
Madrid. 
GUADARRA'MA, a river of Spain, in New Caf¬ 
tile, which rifes near the town of the lame name, and_- 
runs into the Tagus about three leagues below Toledo. 
GUA'DEL, a^fea-port town of Afia, in the country 
of Mecran; 140 miles fouth of Ridge. 
GUA'DEN. 
