G U A G U A 65 
the fee of a bilhop, whofe diocefe extends over feveral no diminution is perceived. This mine, in 1779, vvas a 
-diftridls. The town was founded in i?tq, bv Francis hundred and feventv fathoms in circumference, arid 
Pizarro, on the ruins of an Indian village. The Spa¬ 
niards added the name of San Juan della Vittorio, in me¬ 
mory of the precipitate retreat of Manco, the ynca, 
from Pizarro, who offered him battle. The city was 
founded for the conveniency of the trade Carried on be¬ 
tween Lima aiid Cufco ; for during this long diftance 
there was at that time no town, whence the travellers 
frequently buffered by the incurfions of Manco’s army. 
This gave occafion to building the city on the fpot 
where the Indian village flood, though extremely in¬ 
convenient with regard to provifions, \ as lying conti- 
11011s to the great chain of the Andes; but the war 
eing happily terminated by the entire defeat of Manco’s 
party, the city was removed to its prefent fituation. 
There are three parochial churches, one for Spaniards, 
and two for Indians, befides the cathedral, and feveral 
other churches and convents. Among the inhabitants 
are twenty noble families, who live in a quarter of the 
town feparated from the reft. In it is an' univerfity, 
which enjoys a great revenue, for the ftudy of philofo- 
phy, divinity, and law. Lat. 12. 50. N. Ion. 60. 10. 
W. Ferro. 
GUAMANTAGU'A, a town of Peru, in the audi¬ 
ence of Lima, and jurifdidtion of Canta, in which is a 
celebrated image of Chrift, to which the inhabitants of 
Lima go in pilgrimage at Whitfuntide. 
GUAMANU'A, a town of the ifland of Cuba : eight 
miles weft of Havanna. 
GUAMA'RA, a river of South America, in the 
country of Brazil, whiclrruns into the Atlantic forty- 
two miles north of Fernambucco-. 
GUAME'CO, a town of South America, in the pro¬ 
vince of Carthagena. 
GUA'MOS, a river of Spain, which runs into the 
Guadalquiver, about five miles below Cordova. 
GUAM'UBO, a town of the ifland of Cuba: twenty 
miles eaft of Havanna. 
GUAM'ULOS, a town of the ifland of Cuba: eighty- 
three miles fouth-eaft of Santa Clara. 
GUA'NA I'SLAND, a fmall ifland in the Weft In¬ 
dies, near the north coaft of the ifland of Tortola. 
GUA'NA I'SLAND, an ifland in the Weft Indies, 
about two miles long, and half a mile wide, near the 
north-eaft coaft of the ifland of Antigua. Lat. 17.16. N. 
Ion. 61. 26. W. Greenwich. 
GUA'N A PATI'NA, a volcano near Arequipa, in 
the valley of Quilea, in South America, and empire of 
Peru ; whofe eruptions, aflifted by an earthquake, laid 
Arequipa in ruins in the year 1600. 
GUA'NA POINT, a cape on the weft coaft of the 
ifland of St. Chriilopher. Lat. 17. 21. N. Ion. 62. 23. 
W. Greenwich. 
GUANABA'NUS,/. in botany. See Annona and 
Aoansonia. 
GUANACA'CIIE, a lake of South' America, in the 
province of Chiquito, fifteen leagues in length. 
GUAN'CA VEL'ICA, a town'of South America, 
and capital of a diftridt of the fame name : fifty leagues 
fouth-fouth-eaft of Lima. 
GUAN'CA VEL'ICA, or IIuanca Velica, a ju- 
rifdidtion of South America, in the bilhopric of Gua- 
manga, in Peru. The town which gives name to this 
government was founded on account of the famous rich 
quickfilver mine ; and to the working of it the inhabi¬ 
tants owe'their whole fubfiftence ; the coldnefs of the 
air checking the growth of all kinds of grain and fruits, 
fo that they are obliged to purchafe them from their 
neighbours. This town- is noted for a water where 
inch large petrifications are formed, that the inhabitants 
nfe them in building houfes., and other works. The 
-quickfilver mines wrought here fupply with that necefi- 
fary mineral all the iilver mines of Peru ; and, not- 
withftanding the prodigious quantities already extracted, 
. Vom IX. fro. 566. 
four hundred and eighty deep, and the mercury is fent 
from hence into all the provinces in w hich they work 
mines: the quantity, in 1763, vVas 5241 quintals, by 
which 524,100 pounds weight of filver were produced. 
GUAN'CHES, the aboriginal inhabitants of the Ca¬ 
nary I (lands. Before the arrival bf the Spaniards 1 , this 
Ample and virtuous people lived under the falutary „re- 
ftraints of a few equitable and refpedted laws. Tene- 
rifte, which had long compofed a feparate ftate, acknow¬ 
ledged the authority of nine of their kings, or petty 
princes; who were clothed like their fubjeds, being dif- 
tinguiflied from them only by a laurel crown, and the 
thigh-bone of one of their mod renowned anceftors, 
which they bore at once as a fceptre and as a remem¬ 
brancer of virtues that had fecured the love and the re¬ 
gret of the people. Though they had a prieft, who 
prefided at certain ritual ceremonies, they appear to 
have had very imperfed notions of religion. . Their 
myftical ufages, of which baptifm waS one, were fupij 
pofed to have been derived from fome more enlightened 
people, whofe memory had perifhed. The ftate in 
which feveral of their mummies have been found in 
their refpedive grottos, or catacombs, attefts their rude 
attempts to embalm their dead. They expreffed nu¬ 
merical figns by fmall pieces of baked clay ; and they, 
were ignorant of the ufe of metals. Though legiti¬ 
mate and peaceful pofieflors of the ifland, and though 
they bravely refilled the oppreflion of the invaders, they , 
were cruelly put to death in detail, and at length ex¬ 
terminated. Their pretended defendants, who live 
about Guimar, and who rn'ake a proceflion on Candle¬ 
mas-day, in the old national coftume, are fuppofed to 
be a fpurious race, or a tribe of importers. 
GUANDAGNA'NO, a town of Italy, in the Friuli, 
belonging to the ftate of Venice: twenty-nine miles 
north-weft of Friuli, and twenty-nine north-eaft of Bel- 
luno. 
GUANGA'RA. See Wangara. 
GUA'NIMA, one of the Bahama iflands. 
GUANOBUCO'A, a town of the ifland of Cuba: 
eight miles fouth of Havanna. 
GUAN'TA, a jurifdittion of South America, in the 
bifliopric of Guamanga, with a town bf the fame name : 
thirty miles north of Guamanga. 
GUANU'CO, or Gua'ra, a town of South America, 
in Peru, and capital of a jurifdidtion, which begins 
forty leagues north-eaft of Lima. This city was for¬ 
merly one of the principal in thefe kingdoms, and the 
fettlement of fome of the firft conquerors ; -but at pre¬ 
fent in lo ruinous a condition, that the principal houfes 
where thefe great men lived remain as it were only mo¬ 
numents of its former opulence. The other parts of 
it can hardly be compared to an Indian town. The 
temperature of the air in the greateft part of its terri¬ 
tories is very pure and mild, and the foil fruitful. Se¬ 
veral kind of fweetmeats and jellies are made here, and 
fold to other provinces. 
GUARANTE'E, f. [guarant, Fr.] A power who 
undertakes to fee ftipulations performed.—God, the 
great guarantee for the peace of mankind, where laws 
cannot fecure.it, may think it the concern of his provi¬ 
dence. South. 
To GUARANTY', v. a. [garantir , Fr.] To under¬ 
take to lecure the performance of any articles.—France 
hath always profited fkilfully of its having guarantied 
the treaty of Munfter. Chejlerjield. 
GUARANTY', f. [from thefer^.] Engagement to 
feeure the performance of articles.—It was made in 
contradidlion to the engagements that the crown of 
England had taken, when king William gave his gua¬ 
ranty to the treaty of Travendhal. Bolingbroke. 
GUARCHI'RI, a jurifdibliori of South America, in 
Peru. Tips province begins in the mountains, about 
