G U A 
Italian poetry ; arid its' merit may be eftimated by the 
general int'ereft it excited among' men of letters, and the 
high reputation it conferred upon its author, who was 
created a member of the principal academies in Italy. 
GUARI'NO, furnamed Veronese, an eminent co¬ 
adjutor in the revival of literature, born at Verona in 
1370. He was a difciple, for the Latin language, of 
Jolm of Ravenna; but not fatisfied with this degree of 
knowledge, he failed to Conftantinople about his twen¬ 
tieth year, in order to learn Greek of Manuel Chryfo- 
loras. On Ids return to Italy he began to keep an gpen 
fchool, and feveral cities had the benefit of his inftruc- 
•tions. Of thefe were Florence, Bologna, Padua, Trent, 
Verona, Venice, and Ferrara; but neither the order nor 
the duration of his refidence in them is precifely known. 
It is certain that he was at Venice in 1415, and at Ve¬ 
rona in 1422. He had many diftinguiftted lcholars, and 
to him is in great part owing the reftoration of ancient 
elegance in the Greek and Latin languages which took 
place in the fifteenth century. His laft and longed refi- 
dence was in Ferrara, whither he was invited as precep- 
.tor to Leonello d’Efte, fon of the marquis, Nicholas III. 
in 1429, and where, in 1436, [lie was appointed to the 
profeiforlhip of the learned languages. He founded a 
family in that city, where he died in 1460, at the age of 
ninety, having preferved his memory, and Ids great dif- 
cernment in reading, to the clofe of his long life. As a 
writer he was much engaged in the ufeful talk of tranf- 
lating the ancient Greek authors into Latin. He gave 
verfions of many Lives of Plutarch,, and of other pieces 
by that author. At the command of pope Nicholas V. 
he tranllated the ten firft books of Strabo’s Geography, 
which were printed with the verfion of the other feven 
by Gregory of Tiferno ; the latter, however, were alfo 
tranllated by Guarino. His other works confift of gram¬ 
matical treatifes on the Greek and Latin languages, of 
commentaries upon ancient authors, of many orations 
pronounced on various occafions, of fonre Latin poems, 
and many letters preferved in manufcript in the Eftian 
library. He was the firft'who difcovered and favoured 
mankind with the poems of Catullus. 
. GUARI'NO (Batifta), one of the numerous foils of 
the preceding, born while his father refided at Verona. 
He opened a fchool for the learned languages at Ferrara 
in 1461, and became one of the mod celebrated profef- 
fors of his time. Among his fcholars were Giraldi and 
Aldo Manuzio, the latter of whom dedicated to him 
his edition of Theocritus, in 1495. He was fent am- 
baftador to France by Borlo duke of Ferrara, and was 
honoured with the title of fenator by Rene king of Na¬ 
ples. Flis Latin poems, in four books, were printed at 
Modena in 1496. He befides compofed Latin letters 
and orations, wrote comments upon Lucan, Catullus, 
and Cicero’s epiftles, and tranllated from the Greek 
fome orations of Demofthenes, of Dio Chryfoftom, of 
St. Gregory Nazianzen, and other pieces. He alfo 
tranllated into Italian fome comedies of Plautus, which 
were reprefented at Ferrara. He was living in 1494, 
but the time of his death is not known. 
ToGUA'RlSH, v. a. [from guerir, Fr.] To heal.— 
And all his wounds and brufes guarijht. Spenfer. 
Daily Ihe drefled him, and did the beft 
His grievous hurt to guarifli that Ih.e might. Spenfer. 
GUAR'MA, a maritime town of Peru, in South 
America. -Lat. 10.10. S. Ion. 77. 49. W. 
GUAR'MEY, a town of South America, in the arch- 
bilhopric of Lima, and jurifdiction of Santa, near the 
coaft of the Pacific Ocean. 
GUAS AI'BON, a town of the illand of Cuba: twen¬ 
ty-five miles weft of Havanna. 
GUAS'CO, a fea-port town of South America, in 
the country of Chili, and jurifdidion of Copiapo: fe- 
yenty-five miles fouth of Copiapo. 
G U A 71 
. GUAS'TALD, f. one who has the cuftody of the 
king’s manfion-houfes. 
GUASTALIA'NI, a religious order inftituted by 
the counrefs of Guaftella, in 1537. 
GUASTAL'LA, or Guastela, a town of Italy, in 
the Mantuan, fituated near the Po, at the union of the 
rivers Crofola and TagUata, with a fmall territory, to 
which is annexed the title of duchy, which duchy was 
ceded by the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, in 1748, to the 
duke of Parma; In 1797 it became part of the Cifal- 
pine republic; it now belongs to the kingdom of Italy. 
Twenty-one miles north-weft of Parma, and twenty-one 
■fouth of Mantua. Lat. 44. 43. N. Ion. 29. 7. E.Ferro. 
GUASTE'CA, or Panu'co-, • a province of Mexico, 
fituated to the north of Mexico-Proper, and Weft of the 
Gulf of Mexico, two hundred miles in length,, and one 
hundred and fifty in breadth. *»The principal towns are 
Panuco and St. Jago-de-los-Valles. 
GUAS'TO, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of Na¬ 
ples, and province of Abruzzo Citra, near the coaft of 
the Atlantic : fifteen miles fouth-eaft of Ranciano. 
GUATICEMA'LA, a fmall river of Spain,, in Ara¬ 
gon, which runs into the Yfuela.. 
GUATIMA'LA, an audience and province in New 
Spain, about 750 miles in length, and 450 in breadth. 
It is bounded on the north by Chiapa and Vera Pax ; 
on the fouth and weft by the South Sea,, and on the 
eaftTy Honduras. It abounds in chocolate, which they 
make ufe of inltead of money. It has twelve provinces 
under it, and the native Indians profefs Chriftianity. 
mixed with a great many of their own fuperftitions. 
There is a great chain of high mountains, which runs 
acrofs it from eaft to weft, and it is fubjeril to earth¬ 
quakes and ftorms. It is, however, very fertile, and pro¬ 
duces great quantities of chocolate, cochineal, cotton, 
indigo, honey, fome balfam, and woad. The merchan¬ 
dize of the province is generally conveyed to the port of 
St. Thomas in the bay of Honduras, to be fent to Eu¬ 
rope. The way acrofs this province to the South Sea.is 
about fixty-five leagues, and is the next to that from Vera 
Cruz to Acapulco. This province is called by the In¬ 
dians Quatuemallac , which fignifiesa rotten tree. St. Jago 
de Guatimala, the capital city, is fituated in a valley, 
through the midft of which runs a river between two burn¬ 
ing mountains. In 1541 this city was ruined by a dread¬ 
ful tempeft, and a number of the inhabitants were buried 
in the ruins. It was rebuilt at a good diftance from the 
volcano, and became a large and rich town, with a bi- 
Ihop’s fee, and an univerfity ; but it was fwallowed up 
by an earthquake in 1773. It contained about lixty 
thoufand inhabitants of all colours, and was. immenfely. 
rich, but there are no traces of it left.. The lofs was 
valued at fifteen millions fterling; and it was the third 
city in rank in Spanilh America. In this dreadful 
earthquake eight thoufand families' inftantly perilhed. 
New Guatimala is built at fome diftance, is well inha¬ 
bited, arid carries on a great trade. Lat. 14. 28. N. 
Ion. 74. 54. W. Ferro. 
GUAT'IMAR, a town of the illand of Cuba:. fifty 
miles north-north-eaft of St. Jago. 
GUA'VA,y. in botany. See PsmiuM. 
GUAVIA'RI, a river of South America, which runs' 
into the Oronoko. Lat. 3.N. Ion. 51. W. Ferro. 
GUAXA'CA, a province of North America, in the 
audience of Mexico, fituated between Tlafcala and 
Guatimala, about eighty leagues in length, and forty, 
in breadth. The foil is fertile, producing corn, maize,, 
cocoa, cochineal, fugar, honey, and fruits of every kind. 
Here are mines of gold, lilver, andcryftal; mulberry-, 
trees,for the cultivation of Iilk have been introduced 
by. the Spaniards. They reckon 150 Indian towns,- be- 
lides 300 villages, and upwards of 150,00a natives, who . 
are tributary to the Spaniards. 
GUAXA'CA, a town of Mexico, and capital of the 
above- 
