72 G U A 
above-mentioned province, the fee of a biftop ; this 
town is alfo called Antequera. It is not large, but agree¬ 
ably fituated in a valley, on a river abounding in fifh, 
which runs into the Alvarado : 195 miles fouth-fouth- 
eaft of Mexico, and ninety weft of Vera Cruz. Lat. 17. 
22. N. Ion. 80.50. W. Ferro. 
GUAYACAN', /. in botany. See Guaiacum. 
GUAYAQUIL', called Guagasuil, and Guava- 
kal, a city, bay, harbour, and river, in Peru, South 
America. Guayaquil city is the fecond of Spanifh ori¬ 
gin, being as ancient as 1534; and is fituated on the 
weft fide of the river Guayaquil, north of the ifiand of 
Puna, at the head-of the bay, and about 155 miles fouth- 
fouth-weft of Quito, in 2. n. fouth lat. 79. 17. weft Ion. 
Cividad Viega, or Old Town, was its firft fituation, but 
it was removed about a quarter of a league in 1693 by 
Orellana; and the communication over the great ravines 
or hollows of water, preferved between the old and 
new towns by a Wooden bridge of half a quarter of a 
league. The city is about two miles in extent ; is de¬ 
fended by three forts, two on the river near the city, 
and the third behind it, guarding the' entrance of a ra¬ 
vine. The churches, convents, and houfes, are of wood.' 
It contains about 20,000 inhabitants, Europeans, cre¬ 
oles, and other calls; befides a number of ftrangers 
drawn hither by commercial interefts. The women are 
famed for their perfonal charms, polite manners, and 
elegant drefs. The fait creek here abounds with lob- 
fters and oyfters; but the fifh in the neighbourhood are 
not efteemed, being full of bones, and unpalatable. 
But this place is molt noted for a fhell-fifh called turbine, 
no bigger than a nut, which produces a purple reckoned 
to exceed all others in the world, and to vie with that 
of the Tyrians. It is called the purple of Punta, a place 
in the jurisdiction of Guayaquil. With this valuable 
and fcarce purple, they dye the threads of cotton, rib¬ 
bands, laces, &c. and the weight and colour are faid to 
exceed according to the hours of the day; fo that one 
of the firft preliminaries to a contrail is to fettle the 
time when it (hall be weighed. The dye is only the 
blood of the fifit, preffed out by a particular procefs ; 
and the cotton fo dyed is called by way of eminence ca- 
■racollillo. The river Guayaquil is the channel of its 
commerce; and the diftance of the navigable part of it 
to the cuftom-houfe of Babahio is reckoned about twen¬ 
ty-four leagues. The commerce of this place is confi- 
derable ; the productions of the country alone form the 
1110ft confiderable part of it ; thefe are cocoa, timber, 
fait, homed cattle, mules, and colts ; Guinea pepper, 
drugs, and lana de ceibo, a kind of filky wool, the pro¬ 
duct of a very high and tufted tree of that name, being 
finer than cotton. It is ufed for mattreffes and beds. 
GUAY'LES, a jurifdiition of South America, in the 
archbilhopric of Lima ; cattle form the principal riches 
of the diftriit; it is fituated to the weft of Guamalies. 
GUAYNAMO'TA, a town of Mexico, in the pro¬ 
vince of Guadalaxara: feventy miles north-weft of 
Guadalaxara. 
GUAY-TROUIN' (Rene du), one of thebraveft and 
molt fuccefsful of the French naval officers, born in 
1673, at St. Malo. Having become mailer of a priva¬ 
teer, in 1695, he took three rich prizes on the Irilh 
, coaft, and then, proceeding to the coalt of Spain, made 
hinilelffinafier of two Dutch veffels. In 1696 he fell in 
with the baron de Waffenaer, who with three iliips 
was efcorting a fleet of merchantmen, and took the ba¬ 
ron, with part of his convoy. He prefented his pri- 
foner to the French king, and thereupon was removed 
to the royal navy, and appointed to the command of a 
frigate. Soon after, he was made fecond captain of the 
Dauphin, commanded by the count de Hautefort. In, 
the fucceffion .war he took a Dutch man-of-war of thirty- 
eight guns; and in 1704 he captured an Englifli man-of- 
war of feventy-two guns, with his own ffiip of fifty-four 
guns. Proceeding in a career of fuccefs, he was re- 
G U D 
warded in 1709 with letters of noblefle, the preamble 
to which records his having captured more than three 
hundred merchant (hips and twenty ffiips of war. 
The moll remarkable of his exploits was the taking of 
the Portuguefe fettlement of Rio Janeiro in 1711, on 
which occafion the lofs to that nation was upwards of 
twenty-five millions of livres. He obtained a penfion 
for this fervice. In 1728 he was made commander of 
the order of St. Louis and lieutenant-general. He was 
fent in 1731 with a fquadron into the Mediterranean, 
with which he awed the piratical ftates of Barbary, and 
fettled the commercial affairs of the nation at Smyrna 
and other parts of.tire Levant. He died at Paris in 
1736. His.Memoirs, wrfttep partly by himfelf, and 
partly by his nephew M. de la Garde, were printed at 
Paris, in 4to. 1740. 
GUAZU'MA, f. in botany. See Theobroma. 
GUB'BINS, f. \_gobeau, Fr. a mouthful.] Fragments, 
parings of haberdine,'cod-filh, &c. 
GUB'BIO, a town of Italy, in the eftates of the 
church, and duchy of Urbino, the fee of a bilhop hold¬ 
ing immediately from the pope. Here are feven churches; 
and twenty-one convents. In 1751, it was much ffiaken 
by an earthquake: thirty-three miles fouth of Urbino, 
and thirty-one north of Spoleto. 
GUBEIBA'TE, a town of Egypt: eight miles north 
of Atfieh. 
GU'BEL, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Chru- 
dim : fifteen miles north-eaft of Leutmifclil. 
GU'BEN, a town of Lufatia, fituated on the river 
Lubbe, which foon after joins the Neifs, furrounded 
with walls in 1331.- It contains three churches and an 
hofpital; good wine is made here, and there is a manu¬ 
factory of cloth : twenty-two miles fouth of Frankfort 
on the Oder, and feventy north-north-eaft of Drefden. 
GU'BER, a river of Pmffia, which runs into the 
Alte, near Schippanhail, in the province of Natangen, 
GU'BER, a kingdom in the interior part of Africa, 
,011 the banks of the Niger. Lat. 18. 15. N. Ion. 8.30. 
E. Greenwich. 
GUBERLINSKI'A, a fort of Ruffia, in the govern-^ 
ment of Euplia, on the Ural : 120 miles eaft of Orenburg. 
GUBERNA'TION, f. Igtibernatio, Lat.] Govern¬ 
ment ; fuperintendency ; fuperior direction. Perhaps 
there is little or nothing in the government of the king¬ 
doms of nature and grace, but what is employed as a 
medium or confcious inftrument of this extenfive guber- 
nation. Watts. 
GU'DENSBERG, a town of Germany, in the circle 
of the Upper Rhine, and principality of Heffe Caffel: 
eight miles fouth of Caffel, and four north-north-eaft of 
F ritzlar. 
GUD'GEON, /. tgoujon, Fr.] See the article Cr- 
prinus, vol.v. p.531, and the correfpondent engrav¬ 
ing.—A final 1 fifh found in brooks and rivers, eafily 
caught, and thence made a proverbial name for a man 
eafily cheated : 
’Tis true, no turbots dignify my boards ; 
But gudgeons, flounders, what my Thames affords. Pope. 
A man eafily cheated.—This he did to draw you in, 
like io many gudgeons, to fwallow his falfe arguments. 
Swift. —Something to be caught to a man’s own difad- 
vantage; a bait ; an allurement: gudgeons being com. 
monly ufed as baits for pike 
But fifh not with this melancholy bait. 
For this fool’s gudgeon, this opinion. Skakefpeare. 
With ffiip-builders and mill-w.rights, a kind of ftaple or 
eye in which the rudder runs, the iron pin on which the 
wheel turns. 
GUDGO'DAH, one of the encampments of the If- 
raelites, in their journey from Egypt to Canaan ; it 
anfwers to Hor-hagidgad, their twenty-eighth encamp¬ 
ment. Compare Numb, xxxiii. 32, 33, 34, with 
