§4 GUI 
GUIFO'NI, a town of the ifland of Corfica : four 
leagues and a half fouth of Corte. 
GUIGN'EN, a town of France, in the department of 
the Ille and Vilaine, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftrilt of Rhedon : fix leagues north-north-eaft of Rhe- 
don, and four and a half fouth-fouth-weft of Rennes. 
GUILANDI'NA, f.\t o named in honour of Melchior 
Guilandinits Wieland, the fubjefd of the next article. ] In 
botany, a genus of the clafs decandria, order monogy- 
nia, in the natural order of lomentaceae, (leguminofae, 
JuJJ.) The generic characters are—Calyx : perian- 
thium one-leafed, (urceolate or pitcher-lhaped, Gart¬ 
ner l) Tube fliort, turbinate, permanent, with an ob¬ 
lique mouth; border five-parted, nearly equal, fpread- 
ing, deciduous ; divifions oblong, broader on the out- 
fide and rounded ; the two upper, ones a little fhorter, 
the lowed: a little longer. Corolla: petals five, infect¬ 
ed into the neck of the calyx ; the uppermoft roundifh, 
concave, afcending, a little fhorter ; the reft oblong, 
broader in front, rounded at the tip, reflex-fpreading, 
longer than the calyx, and the two lowed: a little longer 
than the middle ones. Stamina: filaments Tubulate, 
thicker at the bafe and villofe, decumbent, inferted 
into the neck of the calyx, fliorter than the corolla, un¬ 
equal ; the lower ones gradually longer ; , antherae ob¬ 
long, affixed to the back. Pi (till urn : germ oblong; 
flyle filiform, length of the ftamens ; ftigma fimple. 
Pericarpium : legume rhomboidal, the upper future 
convex, from fwelling compreffed, one-ceiled, with 
tranfverfe partitions. Seeds : bony, globular-com- 
prefl'ed, folitary between the partitions.— EJfenlial Cha- 
raEler. Calyx, one-leafed, falver-fliaped ; petals iiifert- 
ed into the neck of the calyx, nearly equal; feed-veffel 
a legume. 
Species, i. Guilandina bonduc, yellow bondac,- or 
nicker-tree: prickly; pinrias ovate, with folitary prickles 
oil the leaflets. See a leaf of this on Botany Plate VI. 
fig. 3. Leaves near a foot and a half long, compofed of 
fix or feven pairs of pinnae, each of which has as many 
pairs of leaflets, which are ovate aDd entire ; the prin¬ 
cipal midrib of the leaf is armed with fliort crooked Tin¬ 
gle thorns, placed irregularly; the ftalks are alfo armed 
with thorns, which are larger. The ftalks at firft grow 
eredt, but afterwards twine about the neighbouring 
trees and fhrubs. The flowers are in long axillary 
fpikes. Petals equal,, concave yellow. Legume broad, 
thick, three inches long and two broad, clof'ely armed 
with llender fpines, opening with two valves, each in- 
cloling two hard feeds about the fize of children’s mar¬ 
bles, of a yellovvifti colour. Native of both Indies. 
2. Guilandina bonducella, or grey bonduc : prickly; 
pinnas oblong-ovate, with double prickles on the leaf¬ 
lets. Differs from- the firft fpecies in having much 
final ler leaves, fet clofer together ; and below each pair 
of leaflets are two fhort ftiffcrooked fpines, which are op- 
polite : the flowers are of a deeper yellow, and the feeds 
are alh-coloured. Sloane, however, affirms that there 
is no difference between this and the preceding but the 
colour of the nut, which in the foregoing is yellowilh, 
finely variegated with annular or interrupted faftion- 
coloured zones. The integum'ent is alfo ftony, but the 
middle lamina is of full rofe or fle-fli colour. This 
weakly plant fpreads a great way about the root, or 
riles among the neighbouring bullies, if it finds a due 
lupport. The ftalk and branches are very full of 
thorns that arch backwards. The feeds are grey, and. 
commonly ufed inftead of marbles, by boys, in the fu- 
jjar colonies. In Egypt, the nuts are ufed by the wo¬ 
men, ftrung in necklaces, and hung about their chil¬ 
dren, by way of amulet, to guard them from forcery. 
They are often call or. fliore.on the north-weft coafts of 
Ireland and Scotland, and are called by the inhabitants 
of the latter Molucca beans. This tree makes a good 
fence. It is a native of both Indies, China, and New 
Zealand; and was cultivated by Mr. George Wilhner 
at Stratford-lc-Bow, before 1640. He railed it from 
GUI 
feed brought from the Weft Indies to the height of - 
three or four feet, but it periflied the next winter. 
Johnfon in Gerarde calls the feed beazor nuts, and fays 
that they were offered to fale for Eaft-Indian bezoar. 
3. Guilandina Nuga, or nuga guilandina: Item un¬ 
armed ; the primary petiole of the leaves with double 
rickles underneath. Native of Amboyna, and Mala- 
ar, in fwamps by the Tides of rivers. 
4. Guilandina Moringa, or-Jmooth bonduc : unarm¬ 
ed ; leaves fubbipinnate, lower leaflets ternate. This 
tree has a thick root of a fofter fubftance than ufual. 
Trunk of a middling fize, from twelve to twenty feet 
in height, fmooth, with an alh-coloured bark ; branches 
rather ereCt. The root when young is fcraped, and 
ufed by the inhabitants as horfe-radilh is in Europe, 
having much the fame (harp tafte ; as have alfo the 
feeds. It is a native of the Eaft Indies; and is culti¬ 
vated in Jamaica and Egypt. 
5. Guilandina dioica, hardy bonduc, or Canada 
nicker-tree: unarmed; leaves bipinnate, at the bafe 
and tip limply pinnate. A leaf of this is Ihewn on the 
Botany Plate VI. fig. 4. Stem ereft, thirty feet high 
or more, dividing into many branches, covered with a 
very fmooth bluilh-alh-coloured bark. Leaflets oval, 
very fmooth and entire, alternate. There are male and 
female flowers on different plants. Native of Canada, 
whence it was firft brought to Paris. 
6. Guilandina gemina, or twin-fruited guilandia: 
prickly, leaves pinnate, calyx five-leaved, fruit in pairs. 
Stem Ihrubby, large, fuberett, with many climbing 
branches, on which are many recurved fcattered prickles. 
Seeds two or three, roundilh, Ihining, alh-coloured, 
very hard, containing a roundilh oily kernel like an 
almond. Native of Cochin-china. 
Propagation and Culture. The four firft fpecies, bein'* 
natives of warm countries, will not live through the 
winter in England, unlefs they are placed in a^varm 
ftove, and the pots plunged into the tan-bed. They 
are propagated by feeds; but thofe of the two firft forts 
are lo hard, that unlefs they are foaked two or three days 
in water before they are put into the ground, or placed 
under the pots in the tan-bed to foften their covers, 
they will remain years in the ground without vegetat¬ 
ing : when the plants come up, they will befit to°ranf- 
plant in a Ihort time; then they lhould each be tranf- 
planted into a fmall pot, filled with light frelli earth, 
and plunged into a moderate hot-bed of tanners’-bark, 
lhading them till they have taken frelli root; then they 
muff be treated in the fame manner as other tender ex¬ 
otic plants, giving them a large Ihare of air in warm 
weather, and but little water; and when the plants 
have advanced to be too tail to remain in the frames, 
they mull be removed into the bark-ftove and plunged 
into the hot-bed, where they will make great progrels, 
provided they have not too much water, efpecially 
during the winter feafon, for thefe. plants are very im¬ 
patient of moifture in cold weather. The fifth fpecies 
will live abroad, and is never hurt by froft. It is pro¬ 
pagated by cutting oft' Tome of the horizontal roots, or 
by fuckers. It requires a light foil, not too moilt.' 
GUILANDINOI'DES, f. in botany. See Guia- 
cum and Schotia. 
GUILANDl'NUS (Melchior), an eminent botanift, 
born at Konigiberg in Prulfia. He ftudied medicine in 
his youth, and at an early age left his country and went 
to Rome. After a refidence there of fome years, he vi- 
fited Sicily, where he was .reduced to fuch indigence, 
, that he was obliged to gather herbs for a livelihood. 
The Venetian ambalfador at Rome, acquainted with his 
merit, took him from this fituation, and carried him to 
Venice. He there became known to the cavalier Ma¬ 
rino Caballo, who lent him to travel for botanical pur- 
pofes into the Eaft. He vilited Paleftine, Egypt, Afri¬ 
ca, and Greece, and meant to have prolonged his tra¬ 
vels, but had the misfortune of being taken by a Barba¬ 
ry corlair near the coaft of Sardinia, and carried into 
captivity. 
