guinea. 
80 
line of coaft upwards of one tboufand three hundred 
Englifli leagues, confiding of various countries, inha¬ 
bited by a great number of favages, differing widely 
from each other, in government, language, manners, 
and fuperftition. 
Tire fir ft of thefe countries, in which the Britifti have' 
an eftabliftiment, is the province, of Senegambia ; in¬ 
cluding-the river Senegal, which opens into the Weftern 
Ocean in nearly i6°, and the river Gambia in 13^ N. lat. 
Both -thefe rivers are navigable many hundred miles 
up the country. See the articles Gambia and Sene¬ 
gal. The negroes which have been obtained from 
this part of-Africa, are known to the Welt-Indian 
planters by the general name of Mandingoes. 
From Cape Roxo^(or Rouge) to Cape Apollonia, 
the European fettlements, except the Englilh factory 
in the river Sierra LeOna, are chiefly tbofe of the Por- 
tuguefe. The negroes obtained through their means, as 
well as from the Englifh faiftory, are likewife called 
Mandingoes ; but improperly ; as many different lan¬ 
guages are fpoken on the coaft between Senegal and 
Apollonia. This part of Africa is commonly called 
the:Windward Coajl. 
The Gold Coaft extends from Cape Apollonia to 
the river Volta, comprehending a line of one hundred 
leagues. The maritime country is divided into a num¬ 
ber of petty dates or principalities, feemingly indepen¬ 
dant of, and often at war with, each other ; the chief 
of which are Axim, Ante, Adorn, Jabi, Commani, 
Feiu, Sabou, Fantin, Acron, and Agonna ; fome of 
which are faid to maintain a republican, or more pro¬ 
bably an ariftocratical, form of government. In the 
Britifti Weft Indies, moft of the negroes which have 
been purchafed on this coaft, are known by the general 
appellation of Koromantees, from Koromantin, one of the 
eariicft of our faftories on this part of the African 
coaft ; but which is now become an infignificant vil¬ 
lage, or factory, in poffeflion of the Dutch. It is fitu- 
ated in the kingdom of* Fantin, two miles front the fort 
of Anamaboe.' Either the fame. language, or at lead 
different dialefts of it, is fpoken throughout all the 
Gold Coaft countries. 
From the river Volta to the river Lagos, extends the 
Whidah country, by fome geographers confidered as 
part of the Gold Coaft ; by others denominated the 
Slave Coajl, or Guinea Proper. It begins with the Mall 
and barren date of Koto' or Lampi, next to which is 
the kingdom of Adra, comprehending the fubordinate' 
maritime principalities of Great and Little Popo, or 
Papaw ; from which the Whidah negroes are called 
generally, by the Britifti traders, Papaws. The Whi¬ 
dah language, except as to the inhabitants of Koto, is 
peculiar and appropriate. The people of Koto fpeak 
a dialed of the Gold Coad, and there is a tribe of 
Whidah negroes called Nagoes, who have a dialedl 
which, though underftood by the Papaws, differs from 
the Whidah language in many particulars. 
Wed of the river Lagos begins the great kingdom of 
Benin, the coad.of which forms a gulf or bight, ending 
at Cape Lopez, wherein are fituated the trading places 
of Benin, Bonny, Old and New Callabar, Cameroon, 
and Gaboon. The flaves which have been purchafed 
on this part of the coad, have the general denomination 
of Eboes, probably from Arebo, the name of a village, 
formerly 4 confiderable town, on the river Benin. Some 
of them, (a tribe from the interior country,) are like¬ 
wife called Mocoes. In language they differ both from 
the Gold-Coad negroes and thofe of Whidah, and in 
fome refpedts from each other; for from Whidah to 
Angola, the dialedts vary at almod every trading river. 
From Cape Lopez to the river Congo, didant one 
hundred and forty leagues, the trade has been chiefly 
engrofled by the Dutch and the French. To the fouth- 
v/ard of this river, very little trade is carried on by any 
Europeans except the Portuguefe, who have a large 
city at Loango St. Paul’s, on the coaft of Angola, 
Vol.IX. No.568. 
ftrongly fortified ; from which place they have pene¬ 
trated quite through the country to their fettlements 
at, and Couth of, Mozambique, upon the eaftern coaft' 
of Africa, where they have caravans conftantly going 
and returning, and by that means carry on an extenfive 
and lucrative commerce. 
The whole number of forts and faflories eftabliflied 
on the coaft of Guinea by the different powers of Eu¬ 
rope, is forty ; of which fourteen belong to the Eng¬ 
lifli, three to the French, fifteen to tiie Dutch, four to 
the Portuguefe, and four to the Danes. The commo¬ 
dities exported by the Britifti traders to Africa, confift 
chiefly of woollens, linens, Mancheder goods, Birming¬ 
ham and'Sheifield goods 5 Eaft-Indian filks and mixed 
goods; Englifti printed calicoes and cottons; ready¬ 
made clothes; muftcets, bayonets, cutlaffes, gunpowder, 
ftiot; wrought and unwrought brafs and copper, lead, 
pewter, wrought and unwrought iron, hats, worded 
caps, earthen ware, Britifti fpirits, rum and brandy, 
tea, fugar, coffee, and provifions_ of every kind. The 
annual value has, of late years, been eftimated on an 
average at about 8oo,oool. fterling. 
The above commodities, to this great annual amount, 
were bartered, not for gold and ivory, which for a long 
time was the pretence ; but for human flejli, or thofe 
wretched beings in the fhape of man; called Slaves. 
Of the numbers purchafed on the Englifti account, we 
have the following ftatement given by Mr. Bryan Ed¬ 
wards, in his Hiftory of the Weft Indies, vol. ii. p. 55. 
“ About 140,000 negroes were imported by the African 
company, and 160,000 more by private adventurers, 
between the years 1680 and 1700 : total 300,000. From 
the year 1700 to December 1786, the number imported 
into Jamaica was 610,000. Of the number import¬ 
ed during the fame interval into the fouthern pro¬ 
vinces of North America, 1 as well as the Windward 
Iflands, I cannot fpeak with precifion j'but I am of 
opinion that the Jamaica import may fairly be reckoned 
one-third of the whole. On thefe grounds, the total 
import into all the Britifti colonies of America and the 
Weft Indies, from 1680 to 1786, may be put at 2,130,000, 
being, on an average of the whole, 20,095 annually.” 
Of the whole number of flaves annually imported 
from the coaft of Guinea juft before the abolition, by 
the fubje&s of Great Britain, France, Holland, Den¬ 
mark, and Portugal, and the particular countries 
whence fupplied, the following account was tranfmitted 
by the merchants of Liverpool to the lords of the privy 
council ; and it is undoubtedly as authentic and parti¬ 
cular a return as can poffibly be obtained : \\z r 
No. of Slaves imported. 
By the Britifti - 38,000 
French - 20,000 
Dutch ... 4,000 
Danes - - - 2,000 
Portuguefe 
Total - - ■ 74,000 
Number of Slaves. 
Of which Gambia furniftied about - 700 
Ifles Delos, and the adjacent rivers 1,500 
From Sierra Leona to Cape Mount 2,000 
From Cape Mount to Cape Palmas 3,000 
From Cape Palmas to C. Apollonia 1,000 
Gold Coaft - - - 10,000 
Quitta and Popg, or Papaw, - 1,000 
Whydah - 4,500 
Porto Novo, Eppee, and Bidagry 3,500 
Lagos and Benin - - 3,500 
Bonny and New Calabar - 14,500 
Old Calabar and Cameroon - 7,000’ 
Gabon and Cape Lopez - - 500 
Loango, Melimba, and Cape Renda 13,50® 
Majumba, Ambris, and Miffoula 1,000 
Loango St. Paul’s, and Benguela 7,000 
Total - - 74,200 
A a Of 
