90 
G U I 
. Of the mifei'able people thus condemned to perpe. 
tual exile and fervitude, though born in various and 
widely-feparated countries, it is not eafy to difcriminate 
the peculiar manners and native propenfities. The frmi- 
lar and uniform fydem of life to which they are all re¬ 
duced ; the few opportunities and the little encourage¬ 
ment given them for mental improvement, are circum- 
flances that neceffarily induce a predominant and pre¬ 
vailing ca(t of character and difpotition. “The day 
(fays Homer) which makes-man a Have, takes away half 
his worth;’’ and, in fa£I, he lofes every impulfe to ac¬ 
tion, except that of.fear. But, thanks to the genuine 
humanity of Mr. Wilberforce, aided by the fuperior 
benevolence of a Britilh houfe of commons, this inhu¬ 
man traffic, as far as relates to the commerce of Great 
Britain, was totally aboliffied, on the id of May, 1807. 
See the articles Negro and Slavery. 
The eafied accefs to the interior of Guinea, appears 
to be by means of the two great rivers, the Gambia, 
and the Senegal; the ffiores of Vhich are covered with 
the fined: corn, and manifeft, for favages, a very high 
date of cultivation, which is chiefly the province or la¬ 
bour of the women. The whole region lying under 
the torrid zone is filled with reptiles the mod noxious 
and dedrindive ; and with w’ild beads of the defert, 
whofe bowlings are terrible by night, and depredations 
extremely perilous by day ; yet the negroes and poorer 
inhabitants go dark-naked, armed only with the alfagay 
or fpear, or with' bows and arrows. See the article 
Africa, vol. i. p. 187, and thecorrefpondentengraving. 
The vegetable produftions of Guinea are found in 
the highed perfection, and in great abundance ; but we 
yet want a fcientiric catalogue of indigenous plants, to 
afcertain what are the peculiar and charadteridic fea¬ 
tures of its flora. The low ffiores of the rivers,'as far 
as the tide reaches, are bordered with mangroves and 
bamboos: the luxuriant Guinea-grafs, the fugar-cane, 
ginger, turmeric, and cocoa-nut, with various other 
ipecies of palms, root themfelves in the moid deep 
foils. Numerous kinds of dying-woods, and of timber 
fit for ornamental or ufeful purpofes, abound in the fo- 
reds. Indigo and cotton of a fuperior quality are met 
with, both wild and cultivated. The fweet caflava, 
differing from the American manioc in being perfectly 
innpxious and wholefome even without cooking, the 
Guinea pepper or capficum, the yam, fweet potatoe, 
rice, maize, gourds and melons of all kinds, are the 
principal food of the inhabitants, and probably are in¬ 
digenous. The copal tree, the fandal-wood, ebony, 
and mimofa Senegal, from which exudes the mucilagi¬ 
nous gum of the fame-name, are plentiful in the drier 
and fandy parts of the country a 
GUIN'EA (New), an illand of the Eadern Indian 
Ocean, or of the,North Pacific Ocean, fituated to the 
northward of New Holland, from which it is feparated 
by Endeavour Straits. The length of this drait, from 
north-ead to fouth-wed, is ten leagues, and the breadth 
about five ; but it is contradted at the north-ead en¬ 
trance by a group of iflarids, called Prince of Wales’s 
I Hands, into fomething lefs than two miles. Except 
this drait, and the land of Cape Deliverance, the whole 
ol its coad, with the circumjacent iflands, appears to 
have been particularly examined both by the Dutch 
and Spaniards. It is a long and narrow illand, extend¬ 
ing fouth-ead from'the equator as far as to 12 0 of S. lat. 
and front longitude 131 0 to 153° E. 7,'he land in gene¬ 
ral is low, but is inconceivably luxuriant in wood and 
herbage. The cocoa-nut, the bread-fruit, and the plan¬ 
tain-tree, befides mod of the ffirubs, plants, and trees, 
which are common to the South-Sea illands, are found 
here in the greated perfedtion. Captain Dampier, at 
the ead end of this illand, in the year 1699, law the 
land in latitude 7 0 zo'.S. and longitude 147 0 55' E.' from 
thence it runs north a little ead to King William’s Cape, 
or the eadern extremity. It then bends to the north- 
wed, and 'afterwards a little north, into latitude 6° S. 
G U I 
and longitude 145 0 40' E. This is probably the eadern 
opening of a large river or harbour. From the wedern 
opening the coad runs north a little wed into latitude 
5 0 io' and longitude 145 0 ic' E. Oppofite the turning 
is a volcano. It then trends nearly wed, and afterwards- 
north-wed by wed, as far as into latitude 2 0 50' S. and 
longitude 139 0 25' E. 
GUIN'EA, /. [from Guinea, a country in Africa, 
defcribed above. ] A gold coin valued at one and twenty 
(hillings : 
Ladies, whofe love is condant as the wind ; 
Cits, who prefer a guinea to mankind. Young. 
The value or rate of the guinea has varied. It was 
at fird equal to twenty fhillings ; but by the fcarcity of 
gold it was afterwards advanced to 21s. 6d. though it 
is now funk to 21s. The pound weight troy of gold is 
cut into forty-four parts and a half, and each part makes 
a guinea, which is therefore equal to -^-Ib. or ff oz. or 
5 dwts 9-ff.gr. This coin took its name, guinea, from 
the circumdance of the gold of which it was firlt druck 
being brought from that part of Africa called Guinea, 
forwhich reafonalfoit bore the intpreffion of anelephant. 
GUIN'EA-DROPPER, f. One who cheats by drop¬ 
ping guineas : 
Who now the guinea-dropper's bait regards, 
. Trick’d by the (harper’s dice, or juggler’s cards ? Gay. 
GUIN'EA-HEN, f. A fowl fuppofed to be originally 
from Guinea. ..The pintado. For its natural hidory, 
&c. fee Numida.—E re I would fay, I would drown 
myfelf /or the love of a Guinea-hen, I would change'my 
humanity with a'baboon. Shakefpeare. 
GUIN'EA-HEN-WEED, / in botany: See Peti- 
v e r 1 a . 
GUIN'EA-PEPPER, f in botany. SeeCAPSicuM. 
GUIN'EA-PIG, J. A fmall animal with a pig’s fnout. 
See the article Cavia, vol.iii. p. 927. 
GUIN'EA-WHEAT, f. in botany. See Zea. 
GU IN'EA-WORM, f. in zoology, the Dracun- 
Culus, the long kind of earth-worm. 
GUl'NES, a town of France, in the department of 
the Straits of Calais, and chief place of a canton, in 
the didridt of Calais : two leagues fouth of Calais, and 
one and a half wed of Ardres. 
GUIN'ET, a townffiip of the American States, in 
Montgomery county, Pennfylvania. 
GU IN'G AMP, a town of France, and principal place 
of a didrift, in the department of the North Coads: 
three pods and a half wed of St. Brieuc, and fixty and 
a quarter wed of Parts. Lat. 48. 33. N, Ion. 14. 32, 
E. Ferro. 
GUIOL'LE (La), a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment _of the Aveiron, and chief place of a canton, in 
the didridt of St. Genies-de-Rivedolt eight leagues 
north-north-ead of Rhodez. 
GUIOME'RE, a kingdom or country of Africa, on 
the Ivory Coad. It is of but fmall extent towards 
the coad, but confiderable in land. It is populous, 
rich, and celebrated for its commerce in gold, ivory, 
and Haves. 
GUI'ON. SeeGuYON. 
GUIPAVAZ', a town of France, in the department 
of the Finiderre, and chief place of a canton, in the 
didrict o_f Bred : one league and a half north-ead of. 
Bred, and two wed of Lap.demean. 
GUl'PRY, a town of France, in the department of 
the I lie and Vilaine, and chief place of a canton, in 
the didridt of Redon; four leagues and a half north- 
ead of Redon, and two wed of Bain. 
GUIPUSCO'A, a province of Spain, bounded on the 
north by the Atlantic, on the ead by France, on the 
fouth-ead by Navarre, on the fouth by Alava, and on 
the wed by Bifcay : twenty-five miles in length from 
north to fouth, and from fifteen to twenty in breadth 
from ead to wed. The country is mountainous and 
woody, 
