162 
H A I 
fcent they colleft other particles ; fo that the denflty of 
the fubftance of the liailftone grows lefs and lefs from 
the centre ; this being formed firft in the higher regions, 
and the fur face being collefted in the tower. Accord¬ 
ingly, in mountains, hailftones as well as drops of rain, 
are very fmall; and both agree in this circumftance, 
that the more intenfe is the eleftricity that forms them, 
the larger they are. It is frequently obferved that hail 
attends thunder and lightning; and hence Beccaria ob- 
ferves, that as motion promotes freezing, fo the rapid 
motion of the electrified clouds may promote that effect 
in the air. 
Natural hiftorians furni(h various accounts of furpri- 
fing dorms of hail, in which the hailftones were of ex¬ 
traordinary magnitude. Mezeray, fpeaking of the war 
ofLouis Xll.inltaly, in 1510, relates that there was for 
fome time an uniifual darknefs; after which the clouds 
burft into thunder and lightning, and there fell a fhower 
of hailftones, which deftroyedall thefifh, birds, andbeafts, 
of the country. It was attended with a ftrong fmell of 
fillphitr; and the ftones were of a bluifti colour, and of 
an immenfe fize. And at Lille in Flanders, in 1686, fell 
hailftones of a very fingular kind, fome of which con¬ 
tained in the middle a dark brown matter, which, 
thrown on the fire, detonated like gunpowder. Phil. 
Trank N° 203. 
Dr. Halley alfo relates, that in Chefhire, Lancaftiire, 
&c. April 29, 1697, a thick black cloud, coming from 
Carnarvonftiire, difpofed the vapours to congeal in fuch 
a manner, that for about the breadth of two miles, 
which was the limit of the cloud, in its progrefs for the 
fpace of fixty miles, it did inconceivable damage; not 
only killing fowls and other fmall animals, but fplitting 
trees, knocking down horfes and men, and even plough¬ 
ing up the earth ; fo that the hailftones buried them- 
felves under ground an inch or more. The hailftones, 
many of which weighed five ounces, and fome half a 
pound, meafuring five or fix inches in circumference, 
were of various figures ; fome round, others half round ; 
fome fmooth, others embofled and crenated : the icy 
fubftance of them was very tranfparent and hard, but 
there was a fnowy kernel in the middle of them. 
In Hertford (hire, May 4, the fame year, after a fevere 
ftorm of thunder and lightning, a Ihower of hail fuc- 
ceeded, which far exceeded the former : fome perfons 
were killed by it, their bodies beat black and blue ; vaft 
oaks were fplit, and fields of rye cut down as with a 
fcythe. The ftones meafured from ten to thirteen or 
fourteen inches in circumference. Their figures were 
various, fome oval, others angular, and fome flat. Phil. 
Tranf. N° 229.—See the articles Rain, and Snow. 
To HAIL, v. n. To pour down hail.—My people fhall 
dwell in a peaceable habitation when it (hall kail , coming 
down on the foreft. If. xxxii. 19. 
HAIL, interj. [heel, health, Sax. hail, therefore, is 
the fame as Jalve of the Latins, or vyiann of the Greeks, 
health be to you.] A term of falutation now ufed only 
in poetry ; health be to you. It is ufed likewife to 
things inanimate: 
Hail, hail, brave friend ! 
Say to the king the knowledge of the broil. Shakefpeare, 
Hail to the fun ! from whofe returning light 
The cheerful foldier’s arms new luftre take. Rowe 
To HAIL, v. a. To falute ; to call to.—A galley 
drawing near unto the (hore, was hailed by a Turk, ac¬ 
companied with a troop of horfemen. Knolles. 
Thrice call upon my name, thrice beat your bread, 
And hail me thrice to everlafting reft. Dryden. 
HA 1 LBRONN'. See Heilbronn. 
MAIL'ING, f. Theadt of falutinga (hip at a diftance. 
HAIL'LAN (Bernard de Girard du), hiftoiiographer 
of France, born at Bourdeaux in 1535. He firft became 
known as man of letters by fome poems and tranflations; 
H A I 
but giving all his attention to hiftory, he was made hif- 
toriographer by Charles IX. in 1571, on which occafion 
he renounced Calvinifm, and conformed to the Roman- 
catholic religion. He was in the fervice of Henry III. 
and dedicated to him his Hiftory of France, for which 
he was rewarded by various honours and emoluments. 
He accompanied Noailles, bilhop of Acqs, on his em- 
bafiies to England and Venice. He died at Paris in 
1610, and was buried at St. Euftache. As a writer he 
is principally known for his Hiftory of France, from Pha- 
ramond to the Death of Charles VII. firft publifhed in 
feveral vols. Svo. and reprinted in two vols. fol. 1627. 
It has the merit of being the firft body of French hiftory 
written in that language. In feveral refpedts it is writ¬ 
ten with freedom, and with a fpirit fuperior to national 
prejudices; but in other inftances it betrays credulity 
and a love of fable. Though it was much criticifed, 
its free and fitirical call acquired it many readers. His 
work, De I'Etat & Succis des Affairs de France , Svo. 1613, 
contains feveral curious details. 
HAIL'SHAM, Ha'lesham, or Hayl'sham, a fmall 
town in the county of Suffex, with a market on Satur¬ 
days, and fairs annually on April 5, and June 3. It lies 
fourteen miles eaft of Lewes, and fifty-eight fouth-fouth- 
eaft from London. 
HAIL'SHOT, f. Small (hot fcattered like hail.—The 
mailer of the artillery did vifit them (harply with mur¬ 
dering hailjkot, from the pieces mounted towards the top 
of the hill. Hayward. 
HAIL'STONE, /. A particle of hail: 
You are no furer, no. 
Than is the coal of fire upon the ice. 
Or 7 hailftone in the fun. Shakefpeare, 
Hard hailjlones lie not thicker on the plain. 
Nor (haken oaks fuch (how’rs of acorns rain. Dryden . 
HAIL'WOR KFOLK,/. [i.e. holywork-folk.] Thofe 
who formerly held lands for the fervice of defending or 
repairing a church or monument. Bailey. 
HAIL'Y, adj. Confiding of hail: 
From whofe dark womb 3. rattling temped pours, 
Which the cold North congeals to kaily (bowers. Pope. 
HAI'MEN, a town of the kingdom of Corea, in the 
province of Tchu-fin : ninety miles fouth-weft of King- 
ki-tao. Lat. 37. 48. N. Ion. 144. 28. E. Ferro. 
HAIN, a town of Germany, in Upper Saxony : five 
miles Weft-north-weft of Gotha. 
HAIN'A, a town of Germany, in the principality of 
Hefle : feven miles eaft Franckenberg, and twenty-four 
fouth-fouth-weft of Caftel. 
HAI'NAUT, or Hainault, one of the provinces of 
the Catholic Netherlands, bounded on the north by 
Flanders and Brabant, on the eaft by Brabant, the coun¬ 
ty of Namur, and bidiopric of Liege; on the fouth by 
France, and On the weft by France and Flanders. Its 
greateft extent from north to fouth is about forty-eight 
miles, and from eaft to weft fifty-five. The air is health¬ 
ful, and the foil produces Corn in abundance. The rich 
paftures feed large herds of cattle, and the (beep yield 
plenty of wool. Its woods and forefts fupply timber, 
for building, and fuel for burning. In it are mines of 
coal and iron, and quarries of beautiful marble, (late, 
and other very good and ferviceable (lone. The princi¬ 
pal rivers are the Scheldt, the Selle, the Haifne, the 
Sambre, and the Dender. The time in which this pro¬ 
vince was raifed to a county is not properly known. 
After the death of count Regnier IV.it defeended, with 
his Only daughter and lieirefs, Richild, to Baldwin VI. 
count of Flanders, who was the firft of that name among 
the counts. Count Baldwin VI. who died in 1204, left 
behind him two daughters, one of whom, named Mar¬ 
garet, was married to Burchard of Avefnes, and brought 
to him the county of Hainaut. Their great grandfon, 
William II. died in 1345, without male heirs, upon 
s wl^ch 
