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194 
the Memoirs of the Academy of Sciences, of which he 
was a member' as he likewife became of the Royal So¬ 
ciety of London, and of various other learned inftitu- 
tions. He was alfo made infpedtorof the marine, which 
office he filled with reputation; and died dean of the 
academy in 1782. In the Memoirs of the Academy of 
Sciences, his papers are to be met with' from 1728 to 
i, 7 6 7;> relating principally toTubjedts of horticulture and 
the phyfiology .of plants. His Traite de la Culture des 
Terres, in 6 vols. from, 1750 to 1761,,contains many agri¬ 
cultural experiments on the fyftem of Tull and others. 
His Elhnens d’Agriculture, 2 vols. 12100. firft printed in 
1764, has been feveral times re-edited, and tranflated 
into foreign languages. In 1755 he published Traite dcs 
, Arbres (3 Aibujles, qui fe cultivcrit en France : ia plcine Terre , 
3 vols .^.t or It is in alphabetical order, and follows the 
-Jyftem of Tournefort. The number of fpecies and va- ■ 
rieti.es defctibed amounts to a thoufand. I!is Me moire 
' fur la Garance, 1757, 4to. contains a complete account of 
the cultivation of madder, and its preparation .for the 
dyer’s ufe. One of his principal works is entitled De 
la Phyjique des Arbres, de T Anatomic des Plantes, & de I’CEco- 
-nomie Vegetale , 2 vols. 4to. 1758. This contain? a great 
number pf new and curious obfervations concerning the 
ftruiSture a nd ufes of the different parts of trees and 
other plants, efpecially relative to the bark and wood.' 
The following works are entirely practical: 1. Dcs Semes 
& Plantations des Arbres, £3 de leur Culture, 4to. 1760. 2. 
De PExploitation dcs Bois, ( 3 c. 2 vols. 4to. 1764. 3. Traite 
de la Confervation des Grains, avec un Supplement, 2 vols. 12iuo. 
4. Du Tranfport, de la Confervation, (3 de la Force, du Bois, 
1761, 4to. 5. Traite des Arbres Fruitiers, 2 vols. 4to. 1768. 
This is a very lplendid work on fruit-trees and their 
culture, with plates ; it comprifes only the poma and 
baccae. D11 Hamel alfo compofed feveral treatifes which 
had a reference to his office in the marine ; as, An de la 
Corderie, 1747, and 1769; E'emens d’Architecture Navale,. 
J 75 ^> 4 to - Moyens de conferver la Sante aux Equipages, ( 3 c. 
* 759 > Jzmo, He likewife wrote a work on filheries, en¬ 
titled Traite General des Peekes Maritimes, des Rivieres, & 
des Etangs, folio, with figures; and he compofed feveral 
articles for the Defcription of Arts and Manufaftures, 
publifhed by the Academy of Sciences. 
HAM'ELBURG, a town of Germany, in the,circle of 
the Upper Rhine, and bifhopric of Fulda : tVventy-four 
miles fouth of Fulda, and iixteen weft of Schweinfurt. 
HAME'LI A,/. [To named from Jean Baptifle du Hamel 
du Monceau, the celebrated author of feveral valuable 
- books on trees.] In botany,, a genus of the clafs pentan- 
dria, order monogynia, natural order of rubiaceas, Jvff. 
The generic characters are—Calyx : perianthium five- 
parted, acute, very fmall, fuperior, upright, permanept. 
Corolla: monopetalous ; tube five-cornered, very long; 
border five-parted, equal, fmall, acute. Stamina : fila¬ 
ments tubulate, inferted at the middle of the corolla ; 
antherae oblong, linear, the fame length with the corolla. 
Pittillum : germ ovate, with a conical tip, inferior ; ftyle 
filiform, the fame length with the corolla ; ftigma linear, 
blunt. Pericarpium : berry oval, furrowed, five-celled, 
crowned. Seeds: very many, roundifh, comprelfed, very 
fmall.— EJfential Character. CoTolla five-cleft; berry five- 
celled, inferior, many-feeded. 
Species, s. Hamelia patens, or declining'haiTielia: ra¬ 
cemes terminating, coloured ; leaves ternate, villofe, 
pubefeent. This is a ftirub or fmall tree growing five 
or fix feet high. Branches diverging, fpreading, round, 
impoth. Leaves ovate, acuminate, entire, nerved, the 
upper furface pubefeent, hoary on the back, villofe, 
foft, coloured about the edge ; flowers directed one way, 
fubfeffile, diftant, bright red or fcarlet; there js one fo- 
litary flower, fetfile at the fubdivifions. Native of Hifpa- 
niola; where Swartz has obferved it, in hedges on the 
mountains. Mr. Miller cultivated it in 1768 ; he fays 
that the feeds were brought from Senegal by Adanfon, 
and that Houftoun found it in America. 
HAM 
2. Hamelia grandiflora, or great-flowered hamelia r 
racemes terminating and axillary ; leaves ternate, levi¬ 
gated.; tube of the corolla bpllying. This grows to be 
a large and (lately tree, affording very broad boards for 
tables or cabinets, of theToftnefs and grain of elm, 
w hence tl\e name of Spanijk elm, having many undulated 
light brown or grey lines in it. The cabinet-makers, 
who ufe it very much, call it prince-wood. The bark is 
afh-coloured, and.very fmooth. The encls of the branches 
are befet with leaves two inches long and one broad in 
the middle, from whence they decreafe in breadth to 
both extreme?; they are fmooth, not ferrate, o^ a frefh 
green colour, and fet on foot-ftalks three quarters of an 
inch long. The flowers (land feveral together; they 
are large, from a narrow bafe opening wider, almoft like 
a bell-flower, of a fulplmreous colour,, or like the yel¬ 
low flowers of the Marvel of Peru. It is fent to Europe 
in great quantities for the ufe of cabinet-makers, &c. 
and when young it makes good hoops. It is a native of 
Jamaica, Hifpaniola, and other parts of the Weft Indies. 
It flowers here from September to November; and was 
introduced in 1778-, by Thomas Clark, M. D. 
3. Hamelia axillaris, or axillary hamelia: fubherba- 
ceous; racepies axillary; flowers moftly directed one 
way, fe (Tile ; leaves ovate-lanceolate.' Native of Jamaica 
and Hifpaniola. - • ■ 
4. Hamelia' chryfantha, or yellow-flowered hamelia : 
racemes terminating; leaves oblong, wedge-lhaped, acu¬ 
minate, very fmooth; flowers pedicelled. This is a na¬ 
tive of Jamaica. According to Browne, the fize and the 
different difpofitions of their leaves make the whole dif¬ 
ference between this and thefecond fpecies. The height 
feldom exceeds four feet. The flowers are yellow, and 
the leaves entire. 
Propagation and Culture. This plant is propagated by 
feeds, when they can be procured frefh from the coun¬ 
tries where it grows naturally : thefe fhould be fo.wn in 
fmall pots, and plunged into a moderate hot-bed : the 
plants generally appear in about five or fix weeks after, 
and (hould then be treated in the fame way as other 
plants from the fame countries; giving them proper air 
in warm weather, and gently refreftiing them with wa¬ 
ter ; and when they are fit to tranfplant, they (hould be 
each planted in a fmall pot, plunging them into the hot¬ 
bed again, where they (hould be (haded from the fun 
until they have’taken new root, when they (hould have 
air and moifture according to the warmth of the fealon. 
In the autumn the plants muft be removed into the tan- 
ftove, plunging the pots into the bed, where they (hould 
be always continued: this flowers in July and Auguft, 
when it makes a pretty appearance. As the feeds of this 
plant are feldom brought to England, fo the plant may 
be propagated by cuttings, which if planted in fmall 
pots, plunged into a moderate hot-becl, and clof'ely co¬ 
vered with either bell or hand glades, will put out roots 
in about (ix weeks, and may then be treated in the fame 
way as the feedling plants. 
HAM'ELMANN (Herman), an eminent Lutheran 
divine, born at Qfnaburgh in 1325. He was an early 
convert to the principles of the reformation, of which 
he commenced preacher iri his native city. He was no¬ 
minated. fuperintendent of the churches in the duchy of 
Brunfwick, and in 1593 was appointed fuperintendent- 
general of the duchy of Olderburgh. He died in 1595. 
The principal of his works are, 1. Commentarius in Penta- 
teuchum y 'i $( 3, folio. 2. Hijloria Wejlphaliorum Saculi XVI. 
3. Chronicum Oldemburgicum, ( 3 c. 
HAM'ELN, a fortified town of. Germany, in the circle 
of Lower Saxony, and capital of a quarter in the princi¬ 
pality of Calenberg, to which it gives name, fituated 
on the Wefer, which here forms an ifland, and is fur- 
niflied with a fiuice for the convenience of the (hipping. 
The river Hamel, which probably gave name to the 
town, here joins the Wefer. In the town are about fix 
hundred liouleS of merchants and tradefmen, with fifty 
