WQ ‘ HAM 
land in 1646. His mother was filter to the duke of Or¬ 
mond, viceroy of that illand. The troubles.of'the time 
drove his family to France while he was an infant, and 
he: was brought up In the language and religion of that 
country. He made feveral vifits to England in the reign 
of Charles II. but his religion prevented him. from ob¬ 
taining any public employment here. 'James II. gave 
him a regiment of infantry in Ireland, and made him go¬ 
vernor of Limeric; but, upon the ruin of that mo¬ 
narch’s affairs, he, was obliged to accompany him back 
to France, which he never afterwards left. He was 
greatly admired in the firft circle's for his wit and po¬ 
liteness, joined to the molt estimable qualities of the 
heart. He died in 1720, at the-age of feventy-four. 
His works are in the French language, and were printed 
collectively in 6 vols. 121110. in 1749. They confift of 
Poems; of Fairy Tales; and of the Memoirs of Count 
Grammont, the principal of his coinpofitions. This, 
fays Voltaire, “is of all books that in which a flender 
ground-work is fet off with the molt lively, and agreea¬ 
ble ftyle.” The late lord Orford (Horace Walpole) 
printed a fplendid edition of it at his private prefs, 
adorned with fine engravings from original portraits. 
HA'MIN, a town of-Arabia Felix, in the province of 
Oman : 140 miles north-north-eaft of Haffek. 
HA'MING, a town of Sweden, in the province of 
Smlermanland thirteen mile's fouth of Stockholm. 
' IIA'MIT A L, [Heb.] The name of a woman. 
HAM'KINjy - . In Cookery, a kind of pudding made 
in a Ihoulder of mutton. 
HAM'LE,y. In chronology, the eleventh month of 
the Ethiopian year, nearly anfwering to Auguft. 
HAM'LET, f. [ham, Sax. and let , the diminutive 
termination.] A final! village.—Within the felf-fame 
lordfhip, parilh, or hamlet , lands have divers degrees of 
value. Bacon. 
He pitch’d upon the plain 
His mighty camp, and, when the day return'd, 
The country wafted, and the hamlets burn’-d. Dryden. 
HAM'LET, a prince celebrated in the annals of Den¬ 
mark ; whofe name has been rendered familiar in this 
country, and his ftory interefting, by being the fubjeft 
of one of the nobleft tragedies of our immortal Shake- 
fpeare. Adjoining to a royal palace, which Hands about 
half a mile from that of Cronborg in Elfineur, is a gar¬ 
den, which is called Hamlet's Garden, and is faid by tra¬ 
dition to be the very fpot where the murder of his fa- ' 
ther was perpetrated. The houfe is of modern date, 
and is fituated at the foot of a fandy ridge near the fea. 
The garden occupies the fide of the hill, and is laid out 
in terraces rifing one above another. Elfineur is the 
feene of Shakefpeare’s Hamlet; and the original hiftory 
from which our poet derived the principal incidents of 
his play is founded upon fafts, but fo deeply buried in 
remote, antiquity, that it is difficult to diferiminate truth 
from fable. Saxo-Grammaticus, who flouriffied in the 
12th century, is the earlieft'hiftorian of Denmark that 
relates the adventures of Hamlet. His account is ex¬ 
tradited, and much altered, by Belleforeft a French au¬ 
thor ; an Englilh tranflatran of whofe romance was pub- 
lilhed .under the title of the Hiftorye of Hamblet : and 
from this tranllationShakefpeare formed the ground-work 
of his play, though with many alterations and additions. 
HAMM, a town of Germany, in the circle of Weft- 
phalia, and county of Mark, of which it is the capital ; 
large, well built, and ftirrounded with ditches and pali- 
fades, which ferve for walls. The Calvinifts have an 
academy, with three profelfors, a Latin fchool, and a 
irariffi church. The Lutherans have a church, and the 
Roman-Catholics a convent. A little to the weft of 
the town is a fortrefs, called Fort Ferdinand. Hamm is a 
place of good trade, and was formerly Hanfeatic. The 
linen bleacheries are fine and exienfive: feventeen miles 
Louth of MmUler. Lat. 51,42. N. ion. 45. 12. E. Ferro. 
HAM 
HAM'MA,/. In old records, a clofe joining to a 
houfe, a croft, a little meadow. 
HAM'MAM FARAU'N, the name of a hot fpring 
which rifes by two apertures out of a rock-, at the foot ;■ 
of a high mountain, three days journey from Suez. 
It is ufed in baths by the neighbouring lick, who com¬ 
monly ftay forty days for a cure, during which their 
only food is a fruit, called laj'af, which grows here. 
An extenfive burying place near the baths would feeni 
to fuggeft fome doubts of the beneficial effefts of this 
regimen. The-tradition that the Jews parted-this way, 
and that Pharaoh’s army was drowned here, has occa- 
fioned this place to receive the name of Birket-cl-Faraun. 
The Arabs are taught to believe that Pharaoh is doing 
penance at the bottom of this well, and vomits up the 
fulphurebus vapour with which the water is impreg¬ 
nated. Niebuhr. 
HAM'MAM LEEF', a town of Africa, in-the king¬ 
dom of Tunis, celebrated for its baths: thirteen miles 
fouth-weft of Tunis. 
HAMMAMLU', a town of Afiatic Turkey, in the 
province of Natolia : thirty-fix miles weft of Kara-hifar. 
HAM'MATH, a city of Palertine, belonging to the . 
tribe of Naphtali; probably the fame with Hammath- 
dor. Jo/h. xix. 35. 
HAM'MEDATH, [Heb.] A man’s name. 
To HAM'MEL, v. a. To hamftring ; to hough. Scott. 
FIAM'MELECH, [Heb.] A man’s name. 
HAM'MELING, f. In the forelt law, the aft of 
hamftringing. Dift. of Arts. 
HAM'MEL’s TOWN, a town of the American States, 
in Dauphine county, Pennfylvania : five miles front 
Sufquehannah river, and eighty-five ffom Philadelphia. 
HAM'MER, f. [harnejt, Sax. hammer , Dan.] The 
inftrument confiding of a long handle and heavy head, 
with which any thing is forged or driven.—The fmith 
every morning rifes freffi to his hammer and his anvil. 
South. 
The armourers, 
With bufy hammers clofing rivets up, 
Give dreadful note of preparation. Shakefpeare. 
Any thing deftruftive.—That renowned pillar of truth 
and hammer of herefies, St. Auguftine. Hakewill. 
The hammer is an inftrument of great importance in 
feveral of the mechanical arts, as well as in many in¬ 
ferior handicraft employments. In fulling-mills, and 
divers works in the large way, hammers are conftrufted 
of an immenfe fize, and worked by water or fteam. 
Among the handicraft trades, the principal employment 
of the hammer is in works of the forge; fuch as in 
making edge-tools, hard-ware, and the numerous pur- 
pofes of the fmith, who is obliged to life a feries of 
hammers of the following denominations : 1. The hand- 
hammer, which is of fuch weight that it may be wielded 
or governed with one hand at the anvil. 2. The up- 
hand fledge, ufed with both hands, and feldom lifted 
above the head. 3. The about-fledge, which is the 
largeft hammer of all, and held by both hands at the 
fartheft end of the handle; and being fwung at arins- 
length over the head, is made to fall upon the work 
with as heavy a ftroke as poffible..' 4. The rivetting-' 
hammer, which is feldom ufed at the forge unlefs upon 
final 1 work. 
A very great improvement has been lately made in 
the forge hammer, by Mr. George Walby, of Gofwell- 
ftreet, London. 'Phis hammer is calculated for'forging 
edge-tools, bricklayers’trowels, rounding of Ihips’ bolts, 
beating gold or tin foil, planiffiing brafs, copper, or 
other metallic plates, or for any kind of work in which 
a large hammer may be required upon a Ample princi¬ 
ple. The weight , of this, hammer is feventy pounds; - 
which may be readily worked by one man, with the 
fpeed of three hundred blows per.minute, with the 
greateft accuracy and eafe; and it performs the work 
of two or three men. The rteel is kept in better tern. 
4 per 
