2 U H A R 
before it was facrificed ; its entrails ; the flames which 
confirmed the facrifice; and the flour, frankincenfe, &c. 
which was ufed. If the bead was led tip to the altar 
with difficulty, if it efcaped from the conductor's hands, 
roared when it received the blow, or died in agonies, 
the omen was unfortunate. But, on the contrary, if it 
followed without conrpulfion, received the blow with¬ 
out refiftance, and died without groaning, and after 
much effufion of blood, the harulpex foretold profpe- 
rity. When the body of the vidim was opened, each 
part was fcrupuloufly examined; if any thing was want¬ 
ing, if it had a double liver, or a lean heart, the omen 
was unfortunate. If the entrails fell from the hands of 
the harnfpex, or feemed befmeared with too much blood, 
or if no heart appeared, as for inftance it happened in 
the two viftiliis which J. Caefar offered a little before 
his death, the omen was equally unlucky. When the 
flame was quickly kindled, and when it violently con- 
fumed the facrifice, and arofe pure and bright, and like 
a pyramid, without any palenefs, fmoke, fparkling, or 
crackling, the omen was favourable. But the contrary 
augury was drawn, when the fire was kindled with diffi¬ 
culty, and was extinguiffied before the facrifice was to¬ 
tally confumed, or when it rolled in circles round the 
victim with intermediate fpaces between the flames. In 
regard to the frankincenfe., meal, water, and wine, if 
there was any deficiency in the quantity, if the colour 
was different,-or the quality was changed, or if any thing 
was done with irregularity, it was'deemed inaufpicious. 
This cufiom of confulting the entrails of victims did 
not originate in Tufcany, but was in ufe among the 
Chaldaeans, Greeks, Egyptians, See. and the-more" en¬ 
lightened part of mankind well knew how to render it 
fublervient to their wiffies or tyranny. Agefilatts, when 
in Egypt, raifed the drooping fpirit of his foldiers by a 
fitperffitious artifice. He fecretly wrote in his hand the 
word ihxyi, vi&ory, in large characters, and holding the 
entrails of a victim in his hand till the impreffion was 
communicated to the fle’ffi, he (hewed it to his foldiers, 
and animated them by obfervtng, that the gods fignified 
their approaching victories even by marking it in the 
body of the fiicrificed animals. Cic. de Div. 
HARUS'PICES, the feCt or order of foothfayers, 
who followed the mode of augury or divination efta- 
bliflied by Harufpex, as deferibed above. 
HA-'RUZ, a man’s name. 
HAR'WICH, a confiderable fea-port town in the 
county of Eilex, difiant leventy-two miles from Lon¬ 
don ; the (tation of the- packet-boats for Holland, with 
a fafe and convenient harbour, which is fo fpacious, 
that in the Dutch war, one hundred fail of men of war 
have anchored there at one time, with their tenders, 
befides three or four hundred fail of colliers; for it is 
entirely harbour to within two miles of Ipfwich-, 'and 
able to receive (hips of ioo guns all the way.. June 3, 
1665, the great: battle was fought oft'this place, wherein 
eighteen capital Dutch (hips were taken, and fourteen 
deffroyed. Though the entrance into the fea is between 
two and three miles wide at high-water, yet the chan¬ 
nel where (hips muff keep to enter the harbour, which 
is on the Suffolk fide, is deep and narrow; fo that all 
(hips that come in or go out are commanded by the guns 
at Languard-fort on that fide. Languard-fort feems to 
belong to Suff olk, but is in the limits of Eifiex, and has 
a magnificent profpeCt.of the coafts of both counties. It 
was ereCted in 1188, and is maintained for the defence 
of the port of Harwich. It is placed on a point of land 
fo furrounded with the fea at high-water, that it looks 
like a little ifiand at one mile diffant from the (hore. 
The making its foundation folid enough for fo good a 
fortification coft many years labour, and a prodigious 
expence. It was repaired in the reign of James I. when 
it was a much; more confiderable fortification than at 
prefent, having four baftions mounted with fixty very 
large guns; particularly thofe on the royal baftion, which 
H A R 
would throw a twenty-eight-pound ball over Harwieh. 
Here is a fmall garrifon, with a governor, and a platform 
of guns. The fort has lately been refitted and greatly 
enlarged for the conveniency of the officers of the ord¬ 
nance, engineers, and matrofles; and a barrack is built 
for the foldiers. Harwich was fortified heretofore on 
the land-fide, but in the reign of Charles I. the fortifi¬ 
cations were demoliflied. Here is a very good dock for 
building (hips, with the necefiary ftore-houfes, cranes, 
launches, See. The church here, ever fince the refor¬ 
mation, has been# chapel to the mother-cluirch at Do- 
ver-court. The town of Harwich is well-built and po¬ 
pulous, has a good maritime trade, is almoft encom, 
palled by the fea, and has ftrong works. It is walled 
in, and the fireets are paved with clay, which, tumbling 
down from the cliff, where is a petrifying water between 
the town and Beacon-hill, foon grows as hard as fione ; 
and the inhabitants boaft that the wall is as ffrong, and 
the ftreets as clean, as thofe formed of real fione. 
Harwich has been 'long reforted to as a bathing-place. 
Here are two hot and two cold falt-water baths, of ele¬ 
gant lirudure and curious contrivance. The buildings 
ffand in a large refervoir, containing many hundred tons 
of pure fea-water, renewed by every tide from the fea ; 
from this refervoir the baths are continually fupplied 
with pure running fea-water, at every hour of the day, 
by a contrivance that exactly refembles a natural fpring. 
Here are alfo vapour-baths, either for immerfing the 
whole body, or any particular limb or limbs, in the fleam 
of hot fea-water. This place was fir ft made a free bo¬ 
rough, and had a grant of its market (held on Tuefdays) 
in the .reign of Edward II. Its government was fettled 
by charter of James I. in a mayor, cliofen yearly, out 
Of qighf aldermen, who, with twenty-four capital bur- 
geffes, the eledors, and the recorder, form the corpora¬ 
tion. . By this charter it had alfo a power to eled two 
burgeffes to parliament, the grant of its Friday market, 
and its two fairs, on May-day and Odoher 18, which 
are each for tlnce days. This town, which derives its 
name from the Saxon word hajiepic, a haven or bay, 
has no great claim to antiquity. It, however, fent mem¬ 
bers as early as 17 Edward III. when it difeontinued, 
until it was reftored by James I. The right of election 
is in the mayor, aldermen, and capital burgefles,, or 
headboroughs, refident within the lame. In the pen- 
lion-lifirof Charles II. it appeared, that Thomas King, 
member for Harwich, had a penfion'of 50I. a-feffion, be- 
fi'des meat, drink, and now and then a (hit of clothes. 
Orwell.river, or Ipfwich-water, runs from Ipfwich to 
Harwich, twelve miles, where it falls into the fea ; and, 
with the Stour from Manning-tree, forms the harbour of 
Harwich, called Orwell-haven. Thefe waters render the 
fituation extremely convenient for fmall craft; and in 
confequence upwards- of fixty fifliing-veffels are kept 
here, and employed in the North r Sea fifliery, which 
forms a very confiderable part of the trade of the place. 
HAR'WICH, a townfhip of the American States, on 
Cape Cod, in Barnffabie county, Malfachufetts, lying 
between Yarmouth and Chatham, eighty-eight miles 
fouth-eaft from Bofton, containing 2392 inhabitants. It 
extends quite acrofs the Cape, which is about fix miles 
over-. Their marine bufinefs lies chiefly in the fiffiery. 
The remains of the Indians of this townfhip are reduced 
to only fix or (even families, who live at Potanu.inaquut. 
HAR'WICH, a townfhip of the American States, in 
Rutland county, Vermont, containing 165 inhabitants. 
HAR'WINGTON, a poft-'town of ther American 
-States, in Connedi’cut, in Litchfield county, eight miles 
eaff of Litchfield, and twenty-four weft-by-north of 
Hartford. 
HAR'WOOD, a fmall town in the North Riding of 
Yorkshire, (even miles from Leeds, with a fione bridge 
of four arches over the Wharfe, which -runs in a bed of 
fione as clear as cryftal. Near it are the ruins of an an¬ 
cient caftle, built foon after the conqueff, and which 
remained 
