266 
HAY 
HAW'TFIORN, / in botany. See Crataegus, 
HAW'THORN-BERRY,/. The fruit or feed of the 
hawthorn. 
HAW'THORN-BUSH, / The white thorn, a white, 
thorn grown bulhy. 
HAW'THORN-HEDGE,/. A quick hedge, a hedge 
confiding chiefly of hawthorn. 
HAW'YE, a river of Wales, which runs into the 
Ython, in the county of Radnor. 
HAY,/, [hieg, hig, Sa x.hey, Dut.] Grafs dried to 
fodder cattle in winter.—Make hay while the fun thines. 
Camden. —For a feleftion of the beft grades for hay, fee 
the article Grass, vol. viii. p. 796-799.—See alfo the 
article Husbandry. 
Carts of hay, ^whieh Hand to be fold in the Ilay-mar- 
ket, London, are to pay three-pence, and draw one pen¬ 
ny, per load; and lliall not ftaiid loaden with hay after 
three o’clock in the afternoon, &c. on pain of forfeiting 
five (hillings. Hay fold between the fil'd of June and 
the lad of Augud, being new hay, is to weigh fixty 
pounds a-trufs and old hay the red of the year fifty- 
fix pounds, under the penalty of one (hilling and fix- 
pence for every trufs offered to fale. Stats. 2 Will, and 
Mary. c. 8. 8 and 9 Will. III. c. 17. 31 Geo. II. c. 40. 
Whitechapel hay-market, under fiat. 11 Geo. 1 11. c. 157 
is to be held from feven in the morning to one in the af¬ 
ternoon, from Lady-day to Michaelmas, and from eight 
to twelve during the other half-year. 
To dance the Hay. To dance in a ring: probably from 
dancing round a hay-cock.—I will play on the tabor to 
the worthies, and let them dance the hay. Shahefpeare. 
HAY, /. [from hate, Fr. a hedge.] A net which 
inclofes the haunt of an animal, commonly ufed by 
poachers.—Coneys are dedroyed by hays, curs, fpaniels, 
or tumblers, bred up for that purpofe. Mortimer. 
HAY, adj. Belonging today, confiding of hay. 
HAY,/ [French.] A hedge..—Hay-bote or hedge- 
bote, is wood for repairing hays, hedges, or fences. 
Blachjlone. 
HAY, an ancient town of Brecknockfhire, in South 
Wales, diflant 153 miles from London. It has a market 
on Saturdays; and three fairs, on May 17 Augud 12, 
and October 10. It is feated on the river Hay, over 
which it has a handfome done bridge of feven arches. 
It ltands.on the north-ead corner of the county ; and was 
formerly fortified by the Romans with acadle and wall. 
In the reign of Henry IV. it felt the fury of a civil 
war ; for Owen Glendour, when he took up arms againd 
that king, not only burnt it to the ground, but laid 
wade all the parts adjacent; and nothing remains of its 
cadle but a mound of earth, and the intrenchment round 
it. The town, as to its prefent date, is not contempti¬ 
ble, and. has in its centre a curious Gothic gateway of a 
cadle, built after the deflruCtion of its Norman one ; but 
there are no farther remains of the fecond cadle except 
the entrance. 
HAY (L’), a town of France, in the department of 
Paris : one league and a half.fouth of Paris. 
HAY (William), a gentleman didinguilhed by vari¬ 
ous agreeable writings, born in 1695, at Glynbourn in 
Suflex, the feat of his father, who died foon after his 
birth, and left him heir of -a moderate eflate. After a 
preparatory education, he was fent to Oxford, where he 
remained till his twentieth year, and then removed to 
the Temple for the dudy of the law. He quitted that 
lituation on account of ill health, and made a tour on 
the continent. A weak confutation, accompanying a 
deformed body, caufed him to pafs leveral years in ru¬ 
ral retirement, amufing himfelf with books, and the ex- 
ercife of his pen. In 1728 he publiflied An Effay on 
Civil Government, which proved him to have thought 
largely on that important topic. He entered into the 
married date in 1731, with a daughter of Thomas Pel¬ 
ham, efq- of Catsfield, by whom he had.tfiree fons, who 
arrived to manhood. He engaged in public life not long 
after his marriage, and was chofen member of parlia- 
H A Y 
ment for the borough of Seaford, which town he con¬ 
tinued to reprefent as long as he lived. He fupported 
the minidry of fir Robert Walpole, who rewarded his 
fervices, in 1738, with the place of commifiioner in the 
Viftualing-office. When this became incompatible with 
a parliamentary feat, he obtained the appointment of 
keeper of the records in the Tower. He was a very alli- 
duous attendant in the houfe of commons, and was al¬ 
ways independent enough to diflent from meafures which 
he difapproved. He publiflied, in 1735, Remarks on 
the Laws relating to the Poor; of which a fecond edi¬ 
tion, enlarged, was printed in 1751. In 1753, came out 
his Religio Philofophi, a work containing many folid and 
valuable obfervations. His Eflay on Deformity, in 
1754 , was the mod popular of his writings. It had both 
the merit of novelty in the fubjeCt, and of a peculiar 
happinefs in the mode of treating it, principally arifing 
from the amiable naivete with which the writer conti¬ 
nually alludes to his own bodily conformation. His 
two poetical publications, a Tranflation of Hawkins 
Brown’s Latin Poem on the Immortality of the Soul, 
and Tranflations and Imitations of feleCt Epigrams of 
Martial, complete the lid of his literary productions.'- 
He died of a paralytic droke, in June 1755, aged fixty 
years. The embeilifitmeuts of his mind made ample 
recompence for the ungracefulnefs of his perfon. As 
an ufeful member of fociety, amagidrate, and a fenator, 
he will long remain an example worthy of imitation in 
others. In each of thefe characters his views were ex¬ 
tended for the public good, without low or felfilh de- 
figns; and his private and domedic life was highly be¬ 
neficial to the circle within its influence. From the 
time he began to' refide in Suflex, he turned his thoughts 
to the improvement of his eflates, encouraged agricul¬ 
ture, cultivated gardening in almod all its branches, 
and was perhaps the fird who began to ornament-corn¬ 
fields with walks and plantations. He alfo endeavoured 
to make ufeful experiments a part of the amufements of 
his family. In 1743, a fmall quantity of filk was ma¬ 
nufactured in Spitalfields, from filk-worms bred at his 
houfe, fufficient to anfwer the purpofe of proving that 
good Jilk can be produced in England, though at an ex¬ 
pence too great perhaps to make it an article of trade, 
on account of the price of labour. His diligent dudy 
of the law in the early part of his life, well fitted him for 
a magidrate. For near thirty years he aCted in the corn- 
million of the peace, and constantly attended all its meet¬ 
ings in the divilion to which he belonged. Fie never 
refilled to fee thofe perfons who applied to him for jof¬ 
fice, though their numbers often made it fatiguing to 
him; his meals, or his company, were left by him, that 
he might not keep thofe waiting who came from a dis¬ 
tance ; nor did he fuffer any, even the fmallefi, fee, to 
be taken in his houfe. Flis aClivity did not dop here, 
for he was many years chairman of the quarter-fellions 
for the eadern divilion of his county. His unwearied 
endeavours' in parliament to obtain amendment in the 
laws relating to the poor, prove that his heart, as well 
as head, was engaged in that bufinefs. Though he is 
mentioned as a fupporter of the meafures of fir Robert 
Walpole, yet he wasalways difcriminative, and on every 
occalion thought for himlelf. When he was clearly of 
an opinion contrary to thofe with whom he-ufually act¬ 
ed, he was not content with giving a filent vote againd 
what they propofed, but publicly declared the reafons 
for his diflent. It has been long fince remarked, that 
fitch- men are not often the favourites of any party. 
Two of his fons furvived him. The elded, Thomas, 
rofe to be lieutenant-colonel of the queen’s, dragoons. 
He afterwards filled the fame command in the Suflex 
militia, reprefented the borough of Lewes in two parlia¬ 
ments, and died in 1786. The fecond foil, William, 
went into the fervice pf the Ead-India Company in a ci- . 
vil department, and enjoyed a high reputation; but re¬ 
maining a hofiage with Meer Coflim, he was mod cru¬ 
elly put to death in 1763, The works of Mr. Hay, 
which 
