H E D 
g98 IJ E D 
HE'DTC, a fmall ifland in the Atlantic, about five 
leagues from the coaft of France, chiefly inhabited by 
fifliermen ; it contains a town of the fame name, and a 
fart called Pengarde: two leagues and a half eaft of 
Belle-lfle. Lat.4.7. 23. N. Ion. 14. 42. E. Ferro. 
HED'INGHAM GAS'TLE, a market town in the 
county of Eflex, diftant forty-eight miles from London, 
fix from Sudbury, and four from Halfted ; it is plea- 
fanfly fituated, and has many refpeftable inhabitants. 
There is no particular manufactory carried on, but the 
growth of hops is very confiderable, as its fituation for 
that purpofe feems preferable to any other place in the 
county of Eflex. The cattle was founded by Aubrey de 
If ere, in the reign of William the Conqueror, anno 1066. 
A priory was alfo founded in this place for black-veiled 
nuns of the Benedidtine order, by Lucia de Vere ; which 
is now converted into a farm-houfe. . The market is 
held on Tuefdays; there are alfo two fairs in the year, 
on May 14, and July 25. At a fmall diftance from the 
town is Earl’s Colne Priory, founded by the afore-men¬ 
tioned Aubrey de Vere, about the time he built the caf- 
tle ; and here his remains were interred. 
HE'DIO (Jafper), a German Lutheran divine, born 
at Etlingen, in the marquiliite of Baden, towards the 
latter end of the fifteenth century. He purfued his aca¬ 
demical fludies at Friburg, in the Brifgaw, where he 
was admitted to the degree of M. A. after which he at¬ 
tended a courfe of theological lectures at Bafil, where 
lie was created dodlor of divinity in 1520. At that time 
Luther’s opinions were rapidly fpreading.in Germany, 
and were embraced by Hedio. Being afterwards-ap¬ 
pointed preacher at the principal church in Mentz, he 
gave offence to fome of his hearers by the freedom of 
his pulpit addrefles, and drew on himfelf the persecu¬ 
tion of tfie monks, by boldly expofing their abufes. 
Thefe circumftances occafioned his withdrawing from 
Mentz, in 1523, and retiring to Strafburg, where he be¬ 
came an able coadjutor to Wolfgang Capito and Martin 
Bucer, in propagating the doftrines of the reformation. 
In 1543, Herman count de Wied, archbifhop and elec¬ 
tor of Cologne, having become a profelyte to the doc¬ 
trines of the reformers, and being defirous of introducing 
them into his diocefe in the room of the. popifh fyllem, 
fent for Bucer and Hedio to aflift hirrrin that work. But 
the canons of his cathedral, finding that their• dignity 
and wealth were in danger, appealed to the emperor, 
who. took them under his protection, and enjoined them 
to proceed with rigour again!! all who revolted from the 
eftablifhed church. In confequence of the imperial in¬ 
terference,, the reformers were expofed to no fmall 
danger, and with difficulty efcaped to Strafburg. In 
that city Hedio Spent the remainder of his life, ac¬ 
tive in the discharge'of the palloral duties, and devot¬ 
ing his private hours to the preparation of his nume¬ 
rous literary productions. He died in 1552. He was 
the author of 1. Commentaries upon the gofpels, and 
the epiftles, partly written by himfelf, and partly com¬ 
piled” from others. 2. Hijlorica Synopjis, bringing down 
the Univerfal Hiftory of Sabellicus from 1504 to 1538. 
3. Chronicon Abbatis Urjpergenfis, corrected, with a continu¬ 
ation from the year 1230 to 1537. 4. Chronicon Germani- 
cum ; and trailflations into German of the hiltories of Jo- 
fephus, Eufebius, and Hegefippus, St-. Chryfoftom’s Ho¬ 
milies, the Memoirs of Philip de Commines, and other 
fimilar works. 
HED'LINGER (John Charles), a celebrated me- 
dalift, born in the canton of Schweitz,. in Swiflerland, 
in March, 1691. Though deftined by his father to a 
different department,.he applied to the fine arts, and in 
1700 ftudied drawing at Bolenza. When he returned 
to the place of his nativity, he refolved to be a die-cut¬ 
ter; and, at his own requeft, his father, in 1709, placed 
linn under the care of William Cramer, director of the 
mint at Sion, by whofe help he made a rapid progrefs. 
At the battfcod Toggenbrug, in 17x2, he Served among 
the volunteers as a lieutenant. On his return from thi* 
expedition his mafier confid.ered him as fufficiently ca¬ 
pable to cut dies for the ftates of Montbeillard and Po- 
rentrui. Having heard of the celebrated medalift, Fer¬ 
dinand Saint Urbain, of Nancy, who died at Rome in 
172Q, herepaired to that artift, who propofed to carry him 
into Italy ; but, as Hedlinger preferred vifiting Paris,, 
he proceeded thither in 1717, and applied with great 
afliduity to his occupation. In Paris he acquired the 
friendffiip of Charles Roettier, medalift to the king,, 
and of Nicholas de Launoy, who engaged him to exe¬ 
cute fome medals for his majefty ; in confequence of 
which he was prefented with a gold box. Baron Goertz 
having received orders from Charles XII. of Sweden, to 
procure a medalift to fupply the room of Arvide Carl- 
ftein, this place was propofed to Hedlinger, who accept¬ 
ed it; and in 1718, after refiding eighteen months at Pa¬ 
ris, he proceeded to Sweden, where he was appointed 
diredor of the mint. As all cabinets were open to him, 
and as he had acquired a ftrong tafte for antiquities, he 
conceived a great defire of feeing Italy. Permiflion be¬ 
ing obtained for this purpofe, he left Stockholm in 1726, 
and continued his tour as far as Naples, where he exam¬ 
ined every thing: worthy of notice, and extended his ac¬ 
quaintance with eminent artifts. At Rome he executed 
a medal of pope Benedict XIII. and made an excellent 
likenefs; for which he was honoured with the crofs of 
the order of Chrift. He next paid a vifit to Venice ; and 
thence proceeded through Germany to Copenhagen, 
and then returned to Stockholm. He now ftruck feve- 
ral medals relating to the Swedifh commerce, manufac¬ 
tures, and mines, with a chronological feries of the 
Swedifti kings. The emprefs of Ruffin having requefted 
the queen of Sweden to permit him to come to Peterf- 
burgh, he went thither in 1735; and, having ftruck an 
excellent likenefs of her imperial majefty, he returned, 
at the end of two years, loaded with favours. After 
paffing fome years partly in Swiflerland, and partly at 
Berlin and Stockholm, he finally fettled in his own coun¬ 
try about the beginning of 1746. In 1748 he went to 
Nuremberg to execute the medals diftributed as prizes 
by the academy of Berlin, for which he received firft 
impreflions of each in gold, and was elected a member. 
He laboured to the very lad with unimpaired faculties ; 
a proof of which is, his medals of George II. the em¬ 
prefs queen, and Charles XII. of Sweden, executed in 
his leventy-feventh year ; and he had undertaken a de¬ 
fies of medals to commemorate the principal events in 
the hiftory of Swiflerland ; but this undertaking was be¬ 
yond the compafs of his life. He died at Schweitz of a 
fit bf apoplexy in 1771, at-the age of eighty. All his 
medals were engraven and publilhed in Swiflerland by 
M. Mecheln, under the title of (Euvres de Chevalier Hed¬ 
linger, &c. Bajle, 1776, folio; to which is prefixed, an 
account of his life. A catalogue raifonne of his medals 
may be feen in the third volume of I. C. Fuefslin’s Hif¬ 
tory of the Helvetic Artifts. 
HED'WIG (John), a diftinguiffied botanift, born in 
1730, at Cronftadt in Tranfylvania. He received the 
rudiments of learning in his native place, difplaying, 
from his earlieft years, a fondnefs for botanical purfuits; 
and after his father’s death, he pafled two years at the 
public fchool of Prefburg, in Hungary. In 1752 he en¬ 
tered at the univerfity of Leipfic, where he attended the 
lectures in philofophy, mathematics, and medicine, dif- 
tinguiftiing himfell by Angular diligence and regularity 
of condudt. He attached himfelf particularly to the ce¬ 
lebrated Ludwig, and, befides his ordinary bufinefs, af- 
fified him in the regulation of his library, anatomical 
mufeum, and botanical garden. In 1756.be was admit¬ 
ted into the family of Bole, the botanical profelfor, for 
whom he prepared plants for demonftration, and attend¬ 
ed patients in the public infirmary. He took the degree 
of M. D. in 1759, and went to fettle in the practice of 
the profeffion at Chemnitz in Saxony. Here he in¬ 
dulged. 
