m H E D 
Calyx one-leafed, hemifpherical, five-toothed; co¬ 
rolla: none; drupe oval, one-oelled ; nut ovate, co¬ 
vered with fibres, one celled ; the fhell hard. 
Hedycrea incana, a finale fpecies. It is a tree, but 
grows only to the height of three or four feet, with a 
trunk five or fix inches in diameter. The bark is afh- 
coloured, very thin, falling in large pieces, and renewing 
itfelf every year. The wood is hard, whitifh, and when 
f.iwed has the fmell of rancid oil. The extremities ot 
the branches and twigs have oval leaves, ending in a 
point, fmooth and green on the upper furface, covered 
with a very white down underneath, and placed alter¬ 
nately ; their petiole is fhort, accompanied at the bafe 
by two oppofite ftipules. The flowers grow in a fpike 
at the ends of the branches and twigs : they are white, 
clofe, and feflile. The fruit is the fize of a large olive, 
white dotted on the outfide with red ; the pulp is white, 
melting, and of a fweetifh tafie ; the fhell or nut is bony j 
and feparates with difficulty from the fibres in the pulp : 
the kernel is two-lobed. Native of Guiana, where it is 
called caligni by the natives, who are very fond'of the 
fruit, which is ripe in Otftober and November. 
HEDYCH'IUM, /. in botany, a genus of the clafs 
menandria, order monogynia. Eflential generic cha¬ 
racters—Calyx : one-leaved, appearing as if broken; 
corolla with a very long tube, and double three-parted 
border; nedtary two-leaved. 
Hedychium coronarium, a Tingle ,fpecies; with ftem 
eredt : leaves bifarious, oblohg, fheathing : fpine denfe, 1 
at the top of the ftem : corollas nodding, much longer 
than the calyx. Native of India. 
HEDYOS'MUM, f. [from the Greek, , fweet, 
and 0V//.5J, fmell.] In botany, a genus of the clafs mo- 
noecia, order polyandria. The genetic characters are— 
Male flowers. Calyx: ament without fcales, covered 
on every fide with ftamens ; perianthium none. Corolla: 
none. Stamina: filaments none; antherae very many, 
imbricately heaped together, upright, oblong, acu¬ 
minate at the tip, converging at the bafe into an oblong 
ament, and 'placed on a linear receptacle. Females 
folitary on the fame tree. Calyx: perianthium one- 
leafed, covering the germ, three-toothed at the tip: 
teeth minute, upright. Corolla: none. Piftillum: 
germ oblong, three-cornered; ftyle very fhort, three- 
cornered; ftigma Ample, obtufe. Pericarpium : berry 
roundifli, three-cornered, (mail, fuperior. Seed : Tin¬ 
gle, hard, three-fided, Aiming.— EJfential Charafter. Male. 
Ament covefed with anthera;; no perianthium, corolla, 
or filaments. Female. Calyx three-toothed; corolla 
none ; fiyle one, three-cornered ; berry three-cornered, 
one-feeded. 
Species, i. Hedyofmumnutans: ftem fhrubby, branches 
loofe, leaves lanceolate acuminate. 2, Fledyofmum 
arborefeens: ftem arborefeent, branches ftiff, upright, 
leaves ovate-lanceolate. Natives of Jamaica. 
HEDYOS'MUS,y. in botany. See Cunila. “ 
HEDYO'TIS,y. [from the Greek fweet, and 
cvz, cJlof, an ear; fuppofed to be a fpecific in deafnefs.J 
In botany, a .genus of the clafs tetrandria,order monogy¬ 
nia, natural order of ftellatae, (rubiaceae, Juff.) The 
generic characters are—Calyx : perianthium one-leafed, 
four-parted, fuperior, permanent: parts linear, fliarp. 
Coroila : mon'o.petalous, funnel-fhaped, a little longer 
than the calyx, half-four-cleft; clefts patulous, nearly 
equal. Stamina: filaments four, Tubulate, inferted at 
the finufes of the corolla ; antherae roundifli. Piftillum: 
germ roundifli, inferior; ftyle.filiform, the length of the 
ftamens; ftigmas two, thickifh. Pericarpium: capfule 
twin-globular, two-celled, gaping next the coronal calyx 
with a tranfverfe cleft. Seeds: few, angular (very 
numerous in H. herbacea, Gartner.)—Eflential Charafter. 
Corolla, monopetalous,funnel-fhaped; capfule, two-cel¬ 
led, many-fefeded, inferior. 
Species. 1. Hedyotis maritima: leaves oval blunt; 
flowers oppofite, feflile. Stems herbaceous, proftrate. 
H E D 
a hand in length, fmooth and even: leaves oppofite, one 
fhort petioles, fpreading, fomewhat flefliy. Flowers 
lateral. Fruit the fize of coriander. Native of the Eafl 
Indies. 
2. Hedyotis pumila : leaves ovate fharp, flowers al- 
ternate.peduncled. This has the appearance of Anagallis 
arvenfis. Root annual. Stems little branched, a hand 
in length, fmooth and even. Native of Tranquebnr. 
3. Hedyotis fruticofa : leaves lanceolate, petioled ; 
corymbs terminating, involucred. This has the ap- 
pearance of Phyllitis. Stem four-cornered : leaves op- 
pofite, fmooth, nerved, quite entire. Native of Ceylon. 
Retzius deferibes a fpecies which he received from 
China, under this name; .hut, as it differs in feveral 
refpeCts from that which Linnaeus deferibes in the Flora 
Zeylanica, we camiot determine whether it be the fame 
or'not. 
4. Hedyotis auricularia, or earwort: leayes lance¬ 
olate-ovate, flowers in whorls. Stems fmooth, long; 
branches long, jointed, alternate. It is accounted a 
fpecific in deafnefs. Native of Ceylon. 
5. Hedyotis herbacea : leaves linear-lanceolate, ftem 
herbaceous dichotomous, peduncles in pairs. Stem 
eight inches high, flender, procumbent. Flowers ax¬ 
illary, in pairs, but often folitary ; corolla white, fub- 
campanulate. Seeds very numerous, fmall, fmooth, 
brown. Native of Ceylon and Cochin-china. 
6. Hedyotis graminifolia : leaves linear, ftem decum¬ 
bent, panicle racemed with the flowers directed one 
way, peduncles following the fun. Perennial; ftems 
filiform, weak as in Stellaria graminea, a foot long. 
Leaves remotely oppofite. Corolla blue; the fegments 
before noon expanding very wide, in the evening two 
upright, and two bent back. Seeds very minute, nu¬ 
merous. Native of the Eaft Indies. It is repeated 
under the name of Oldenlandia ftriCta in Syft. Veg. 
162. 10. but it belongs rather to this genus. 
7. Hedyotis hifpida : leaves linejg-lanceolate, flowers 
in whorls. Stems half a foot in length, decumbent, 
quadrangular, hifpid, with a branch or two. Brought 
from Canton by Wennerberg. 
8. Hedyotis rupeftris: leaves four faced awl-fhaped 
channelled; flowers feflile,axillary, corollas villofe with 
a crooked tube. This is a fhrub, feldom exceeding 
three feet in height. Branches dift'ufed, often procum¬ 
bent at the bafe, otherwife ereft. Leaves linear, acu¬ 
minate, quite entire, flefhy, thick, fhining, grooved at 
the . back, convex on the fides, oppofite, numerous. 
The petioles are united on each fide by a membrane em¬ 
bracing the branch, and blunt with a point. Flowers 
yellow, without feent, feflile, axillary, folitary; the 
germ and part of the corolla are concealed within the 
finus of the leaf. Native of Havannah, on rocks by the 
fea coaft; alfo of Jamaica. 
HEDYPNO'IS, [Greek; breathing a pleafant odour.] 
In botany, a genus of the clafs fyngenefia, order poly- 
gamia aequalis, natural order of compofitas femiflof- 
culofaj, (cichoraceas, JuJ'.) The generic characters 
are—Calyx : common calycled, cylindrical, ten-leaved 
or thereabouts, permanent; fcales linear, ereCt, acute, 
equal ; calycled at the bafe with fewer narrower fcales, 
which are fhort and clofe. Corolla: compound fubim- 
bricate, uniform; corollules herifiaphrodite, many. 
Proper monopetalous, ligulate, linear, truncate, five¬ 
toothed. Stamina : filaments five, capillary, very fhort; 
antherae cylindrical, tubulous. Piftillum: germ ob¬ 
long ; ftyle filiform, length of the ftamens; ftigmas two, 
reflex. Pericarpium: none; common calyx hardened, 
converging, almoft globular, covering the marginal feeds 
with its fcales. Seeds: folitary, fomewhat oblong, 
bowed in a little, ftreaked, roughifh, the length of the 
calyx. The outer crowned with the calycle membra¬ 
naceous, ere&ifh, obfeurely five-cornered, toothletted ; 
pappus none. The inner crowned with the calycle 
oblcure, many-briftled, very fhort, within which is a 
pappus 
