HEDY 
pappus of five ere&ifh awned chaffs. Reeeptaculum : 
naked.— EJfential CharaEler. Calyx calycled, with (hoft 
fcales; feeds crowned with the calycle, outer without 
down, covered up in the fcales of the calyx ; inner having 
a down of five eredtilh awned chaffs; reeeptaculum na¬ 
ked, hollow-dotted. 
This genus embraces fome fpecies of Htoseris and 
of Crepis; and, according to J it (fieri, Lapsana za- 
cintha, Linn. For Hudfon’s fpecies of Hedypnois, fee 
Apargia; feealfo Leontodon and Tragopogon. 
HEDYS'ARUM, [from the Greek, fweet, and 
ctfov, ointment.] In botany, a genus of the clafs diadel- 
phia, order decandria, natural order of papilionaceas or 
leguminofae. The generic chara&ers are—Calyx : pe- 
rianthium one-leafed, half five-cleft; clefts fubulate, 
upright,permanent. Corolla: papilionaceous,.ftreaked ; 
banner re flex-comp re (fed, ovate-oblong, emarginate, 
long; wings oblong, narrower than the other petals, 
ftraight; keel ftraight, compreffed, broader outwardly, 
tranfverfely blunt, from the bafe to the fwelling part 
bifid. Stamina : filaments diadelphous,(Ample and nine- 
cleft,) bent in at a right angle ; anth?rae roundifh, com- 
prelfed. Piftillum: germ flender, compreffed, linear; 
fly le fubulate, bent in with the ftamens; ftigma very 
fimple. Pericarpium: legume ' with roundifh com- 
preffed joints, two-valved and containing one feed. Seed: 
kidney-lhaped, folitary. The pericarp difiering in this 
genus., has occafioned its being unnaturally feparated into 
feveral genera.— EJfential CharaEler. Corolla, keel’tranf- 
verfely obtufe, legume jointed, with one feed in each 
joint. 
The numerous fpecies of this genus are moftly herba¬ 
ceous: fome few, however, (1,6,12,16,17,18, 27, 29, 30, 
40,43,46,56,57,60,73,74,75,81,83,) are fhrubby, at 
leaf!: at bottom. The leaves are fimple, ternate, or une¬ 
qually pinnate; in one cafe only binate: hence the 
iubordinate divifion of the genus into four parts. The 
ftipules are diftindt from the petiole. The petiolulesof 
the ternate leaves are jointed into the petiole, and are 
frequently fubftipulated with a filiform ftipule. The 
flowers are axillary with one or many flowered pedun¬ 
cles; or they frequently terminate the Item in fpikes or 
panicles. The bra dies are fometimes large, varying in 
their conftrudtion; fometimes fmall, or even almoft 
evanefeent. The legume varies in form, being in fome 
fpecies fubcylindric ; with truncate jointsin others com, 
prefled, and frequently contracted at the joints either on 
one fide or both. In fome forts the legume confifts of 
one joint only, containingone feed. Some few have both 
fimple and ternate leaves. Of the pinnate-leaved forts, 
fome have a crefled legume, and are diftinguifhed by the 
name of Onobryckis. The motion of the leaves in H. 
gyrans (36) is very remarkable. Only one fpecies (77) 
of this vaft genus, namely the Saint-Join, is native of 
Great Britain; and only ten are natives of Europe. Far 
the greater part are perennial. 
Species. I. With fimple leaves, 1. Hedyfarum alhagi, or 
prickly hedyfarutn: leaves lanceolate, obtufe; ftem 
fhrubby,, thorny, about three feet high, branching out 
on every fide; leaves ihaped like thole of broad-leaved 
knot-grafs, very fmooth, of a pale green colour, on 
Ihort foot-ftalks. Under thefe come out thorns, near an 
inch long, of a reddifh-brown colour. The flowers come 
out from the fide of the branches in fmall clufters ; they 
are purple in the middle, and reddilh about the rims. 
Legumes fickle-rtiaped. Native of the Levant. It is on 
this fhrub that manna ( trungebeen) is found in Mefopo- 
tamia and other Eaftern countries. It is chiefly gather¬ 
ed about Tauris, where the Ihrub grows plentifully. 
Sir George Wheeler found it growing in Tinos ; Tour- 
nefort alio found it in many plains of Armenia and , 
Georgia, and made a diftin6b genus of it under the name 
of Alhagi. It was cultivated in 1714, by the duchefs 
of Beaufort. 
2. Hedyfarum bupleurifolium, or hare’s-ear-leaved 
Vo l. IX. No. 586. 
SARUM. sol. 
hedyfarum: leaves lanceolate acute; ftem unarmed; 
ftipules fcariofe. Native of India. 
3. Hedyfarum linifolium, or flax-leaved hedyfarum : 
leaves linear, hoary ; ftem proftrate; legumes globular. 
Native of India. Koenig fent it under the name of 
Indigofera linifolia K 'which Vahl has adopted. The 
habit is different from that of the Hedyfarums, and the 
keel has a fp.ur on each fide as in the genus Indigofera. 
4. Hedyfarum nummularifqlium, or money-wort-lea¬ 
ved hedyfarum : leaves Wedge-fhaped. Native of India. 
It is annual, and flowers here from Jnly to September. 
5. Hedyfarum moniliferum, ‘or .necklace hedyfarum : 
leaves orbiculate; legumes necklace-thaped ; globular, 
jointed. Native of India ; perennial. 
6. Hedyfarum ftyracifolium, or ftorax-leaved hedy¬ 
farum: leaves cordate, orbiculate; retufe, fmooth on the 
upper furface; tomentofe underneath. Native of China. 
7. Hedyfarum reniforme, or kidney-leaved hedyfarum: 
leaves kidney-fhaped ; ftem columnar. Stems annual, 
a foot and half high,branched, flender, fmooth, procum¬ 
bent; flowers violet-coloured, in .terminating fpikes.- 
Native ot India, and the fuburbs of Canton in China. 
8. Hedyfarum fororium: leaves kidney-fliaped, emar¬ 
ginate ; ftem three-fided. Stem herbaceous, fawnentofe, 
fmooth, -a foot high. It refembles the foregoing fpe¬ 
cies, but is diftinguiflied by its three-fided farmentofe 
ftem, its fpotted leaves, and its two-jointed legumes. 
Native of India. 
9. Hedyfarum vefpertilionis, or bat-winged hedyfa¬ 
rum : leaves fimple and ternate ; middle leaflets two. 
lobed ; lobes lanceolate, divaricate; legumes plaited ; 
annual. Stem four feet high, upright, very ftraight, 
almoft fimple, round, butfour-cornered at the top, fur¬ 
rowed, hifpid with very fine hairs, frequently having 
one or two fliort upright branchlets. Leaves fomewhat 
crefcent-fhaped, four lines long, two inches broad, bent 
like a bow, retufe, three-nerved, veins like a net, fmooth, 
variegated yellow, red,and green: petioles long,ftraight, 
flender, alternately by threes; ftipules in pairs, (harp, 
minute. Flowers in a fimple, long, upright, terminating, 
fpike, or raceme. Seeds fomewhat kidney-lhaped, flat¬ 
ted, fliort, brown, fmooth ; there are frequently fmaller 
leaves at the top of the ftem, unequally and obtufely 
three-cornered, and there fometimes ternate. Grows in 
Cochin-china, but originally from Siam. 1 1 is cultivated 
for its beauty; and in a gentle breeze, the leaves as they 
move refemble fo many variegated butterflies. It flow¬ 
ers in July and Auguft, and is biennial. 
10. Hedyfarum Gangeticum, or oval-leaved hedyfa¬ 
rum : leaves ovate, acute, ftipuled. This is an annual 
plant, about three feet high, having a flender ftalk, in¬ 
clining to be fhrubby ; leaves on very fliort foot-ftalks. 
Some of the plants fend out one or two flender branches 
from the main ftalk, on the lower part of which are leaves 
of the fame form with thofe of the principal ftalk, but 
fmaller. On the upper part of the principal ftalk and 
branches are flowers for near a foot in length,of a worn- 
out purple colour, ftanding Angle at each joint. They 
are fucceeded by jointed pods an inch and half long, 
containing three or four feeds. Allied to H. ftyraci¬ 
folium, but larger. Flowers minute, in long, termina¬ 
ting fpikes; banner and keel of the corolla yellow; 
wings violet-coloured. Native of India and the fuburbs 
of Canton : cultivated in 1768 by Mr. Miller; and 
flowering here in July and Auguft. 
rr. Hedyfarum maculatum, or fpotted hedyfarum: 
leaves ovate,obtufe. Perennial, (annual ,MilLandHort.Kezu.) 
low, feflile, but neither procumbent nor creeping. Stems 
feveral, from a hand to a fpan long and a foot in height, 
either upright or reclining, round, flender-, roughjfli with 
flender hairs preffed clofe. Leaves alternate, refembling 
thofe of the caper, and almoft as large, thickifh, fmooth, 
green with paler fpots, having a pair of fliarp ftipules 
both at the bafe of the petioles and of the leaves them- 
felves. Flowers on the upper part of the ftalk, in pairs 
4 H one 
