325 H E L I O T 
leaves obovate, villofe, entire; fpikes fimple and conju¬ 
gate; feeds dotted. Both natives of the Eaft Indies, 
and fent by Koenig. This alfo is a native of Arabia ; 
the Arabian plant differing from the Indian, according 
to Vahl, only in having the twigs, leaves, and feeds, 
more clofely villofe and filky. 
15. Heliotropium capitatum: leaves oblong-ovate, 
quite entire, fmooth, hoary underneath ; flowers in axil¬ 
lary heads; flem arborefcent. This fort rifes with a 
Ihrubby ftalk fix or fevenfeet high ; the young branches 
aie clofely covered with a white down, and the leaves 
on thefe are very hoary and entire, but thofe on the older 
branches are greener, and fome of them are notched on 
their edges; at each joint of the ftalks come out two 
fliort branches oppofite, with fmall hoary leaves placed 
oppofite; thefe, when bruifed, emit a ftrong odour, 
which to fome perfons is very difagreeable, but others 
are pleafed with it. The plants rarely flower in England; 
when they do, the flowers are white, colledled in round¬ 
ish heads, which turn backward, and fit clofe to the 
branches. The leaves continue all the year. 
16. Heliotropium Canarienfe: leaves ovate, crenate, 
oppofite; flowers in dichotomous axillary heads; fiem 
arborefcent. Grows naturally in the Canary Iflands, 
fifing with a woody ftalk three or four feet high, divid¬ 
ing into many branches, with leaves upon long foot- 
ftalks ; hairy, and of an afh-colour on their under fide. 
The flowers are produced from the fide of the branches 
on pretty long peduncles, each fuftaining four ihort 
roundifh fpikes or heads, which divide by pairs, and 
fpread from each other; the flowers are white, and ap¬ 
pear in June and July, but are not fucceeded by feeds 
in England. The leaves, when bruifed, emit an agree¬ 
able odour, for which it is by fome perfons much 
efteemed ; the gardeners have given it the title of Madame 
Maintenon, but for what reafon we know not. 
17. Heliotropium procumbens: ftem procumbent; 
leaves ovate, tomentofe, quite entire; fpikes folitary, 
terminating. This fort was fent from Carthagena in 
New Spain, where it grows naturally on the fandy ftiores. 
It i&an annual plant, with trailing ftalks, which grow fix 
or feven inches long, with fmall leaves. The flowers 
are produced at the end of the branches, in Angle fliort 
fpikes, which are reflexed; they are fmall and white, 
making little appearance. 
18. Heliotropium Americanum : leaves oblong-ovate, 
tomentofe; fpikes conjugate, terminating; ftem Ihrubby. 
Sent by the late Dr. Houftoun from La Vera Cruz, where 
he found it growing in plenty. It rifes with a Ihrubby 
ftalk three feet high, dividing into flender branches, 
which are clofely garnilhed with leaves, placed without 
order. The flowers are produced at the end of the 
branches in double fpikes, which are flender, Ihort, and 
ftraight, not recurved as the other fpecies. The flowers 
are fmall-and white; and the plant is perennial. 
19. Heliotropium tetrandrum : leaves ovate-lanceo¬ 
late, fmooth, oppofite; fpikes heaped,terminating. Stem 
herbaceous, annual, one foot high, fomewhat eredt, dif- 
fufedjwhitilh, obtufely four-cornered, with purple joints. 
Flowers red, in long clofe fpikes; corolla fomewhat 
bell-Ihaped. Found in the gardens of Cochin-china. 
20. Heliotropium undulatum : leaves lanceolate, hif- 
pid, rolled back at the edge, waved; fpikes conjugate; 
corollas villofe; ftem procumbent. 21. Heliotropium 
lineatum: leaves elliptic, petioled, rolled back at the 
edge, flat; fpikes conjugate ; ftem procumbent. Natives 
of Arabia; and, by'their habit, inflorefcence, and tooth 
between the fegments of the corolla, certainly belong to 
this genus. 
23. Heliotropium ternatum: leaves in threes, and al¬ 
ternate, lanceolate, hoary underneath ; fpikes terminat¬ 
ing, conjugate. Perhaps only a variety of H. frutico- 
fum, with broader leaves. Native of the Weft Indies. 
23. Heliotropium pinnatum : leaves pinnate. Stem 
*redt, herbaceous,, fimple,. only branching a little at 
R O P I U M. 
the bafe, a foot high, the fize of a goofe-quill, villofe. 
Found by Thouin at the ftraits of Magellan. 
24. Heliotropium amplexicaule: leaves lanceolate, ob- 
tufe, half-ftem-clafping ; fpikes branching; ftem ftirub- 
by. This has the habit of H. Peruvianum; and was 
found in Brafil by Thouin. 
Propagation and Culture. The firft fpecies may be pro¬ 
pagated either by feeds or cuttings. The feed's may be 
fown upon a moderate hot-bed in the fpring : when the 
plants are fit to remove, tranfplant them into fmall pots 
filled with light earth, plunge them into a hot-bed, and 
Ihade them till they have taken new root; then inure 
them by degrees to the air, into which remove them in 
fummer, placing them in a Iheltered fituation; in au¬ 
tumn houfe them in a good greenhoufe, where they will 
flower great part of winter. If the cuttings be put into 
pots filled with light earth during any of the fummer 
months, and plunged into a moderate hot-bed, they will 
take root freely, but thefe do not make fo good plants 
as thofe raifed from feeds. A ftove is mod congenial to 
this plant in winter. A pure atmofphere is eflential to 
its exiftence. In hot weather it muft be well fupplied 
with water, and in winter it muft be carefully guarded 
againft froft, fo fatal to the natives of Peru. The fifth 
and feventh are annual forts, which fucceed better from 
feeds which fcatter in the autumn, or are fown in that 
feafon, than in the fpring; for when they are fown in 
the fpring they feldom come up the fame feafon; but, 
if thefe feeds be fuffered to fhed, the plants will main¬ 
tain themfelves, without any other culture, but keeping 
them clean from weeds, and thinning them where they 
are too clofe. 
2 , 17, 18. Thefe are propagated by feeds, but the 
difficulty of getting them frelh from America, and the 
uncertainty of their growing unlefs they are fown abroad, 
and brought over in earth, has rendered them rare in 
Europe. Being plants of little beauty, requiring a ftove, 
with a peculiar foil and management, they have been 
cultivated merely for variety in botanic gardens. The 
eleventh fort is propagated by feeds, which muft be 
procured from the places where it naturally grows, for it 
never produces any in Europe; thefe feeds Ihould be 
fown in a tub of earth in the country, for when the 
dried feeds come over they feldom grow ; and if they 
do, it is not before the fecond year : fo that, if the feeds, 
are fown as foon as they are ripe in a tub of earth, when 
they arrive in England the tub fltould be plunged into 
a hot-bed of tanners’ bark, which will bring up the 
plants; and when thefe are fit to remove, they Ihould 
be each planted in a feparate fmall pot filled with earth, 
compofed of fand and light undunged earth, with a 
little lime-rubbilh well mixed together, then plunged 
into a hot-bed of tanners’ bark, and Ihaded until they 
have taken new root; after which, they muft be treated 
as other tender exotic plants, always keeping them in 
the tan-bed in the ftove, giving them but little water,, 
efpecially during the winter feafon. The fifteenth and 
fixteenth are too tender to live through the winter in 
the open air in this country, fo muft be kept in a green¬ 
houfe during that feafon; but only requiring to be 
fcreened. from froft, they may be placed with myrtle* 
and the other hardy green-houfe plants, where they may 
have a large fltare of air in mild weather, and be treated 
in the fame way; they are ealily propagated by cuttings 
during any of the fuminer months, which, if planted in 
a Ihady border and duly fupplied with water, will take 
root in five or fix weeks; then they may be potted, and. 
placed in a Ihady fituation till they have taken new root,, 
after which they may be treated as the old plants. The 
other forts have not yet been introduced into our gar¬ 
dens. See Lithosfermum, Mentha, and Tour. 
NEFORTIA. 
HELIOTRO PIUM CANA'RIENSE, f. in botany. 
See Bystr!opogon. 
HELIOTROT 1 UM TRICOC CON. See Croton. 
HELISPHERTCAL, 
