350 
HELMINTHOLOGY. 
wolf or other ravenous fifh, he Hums the danger by ftra- it projects its tentacula or feelers in fearch of food, and 
tagem. He fquirls, out a black liquor, by which the draws them in when at relE 
water becomes black as ink, under fhelter of which he Amphitrite, is alfo a tubular worm, beautifully 
baffles the purfuit of his enemy. This black liquor has decorated with tentacula in a radiated form, which it 
been denominated by M. le Cat eelhiops animal, and is extends and withdraws at pleafure. See fpecirnens of 
elaborated in a particular gland. The Romans ufed it thefe in the Engraving adapted to the article Amphi- 
as ink ; and it is faid to be an ingredient in the compo. trite, in our firft volume. 
fition of Indian ink. The back-bone of this animal is TerebellA, is fometimes naked, and fometimes in-, 
converted into that u-feful article of ftationary called clofed in a tube; it is armed with a clavate.prcbofcis,' 
pounce. In hot climates thefe creatures are found .of and has the faculty of boring through the ftouteft plank; 
an enormous fize. The Indians affirm, that fome have it is extremely'deftruftive to veffels lying at anchor 
been feen two fathoms broad over their centre, and each round the Weft-India Iftands; and with equal eafe de- 
arm nine fathoms long. When the Indians navigate their ftroys the piles and timbers of wharfs. It is found in 
little boats, they go in dread of them; and, left thefe moft feas. 
animals (hould.fling their arms over and draw them tin- Nai§, is a fmall harmlefs" worm, Inhabiting ftagnant 
der water, they never fail without'ah axe to cut them waters, fea-weeds, See. 
off. When ufed for.food, they are fetwed up in their Actinia, is a fixed cylindrical animal, with furpri- 
own liquor, which from boiling, with the addition of Ting retractile-and expanfive powers, furnilhed with a 
nitre, becomes red. Bartholine fays, upon cutting’one • circular arrangement of tentacula placed round a central 
of them open, fo' great a light broke forth, that at night, mouth in the form of beads, which from their form and ' 
upon taking away the candle, the whole'houfe feemed colour have the exad refemblance of a flower. The 
to be in a blaze.—See the article Sepia. various fpecies of this/genus furnilh the flow'er-garden 
The Sepia, from its fuperior fize,'of courfe emits the of the fea ; and are named carnations, anemonies, mari- 
largeft Hallies of phofphoric light ; but many others of golds, &'c. according-to the colour and form of their 
this order have the fame faculty of illuminating the wa- tentacula, either-in aq expanded or contra died'ftate : 
ters, particularly the Medufa genus, many of which, they are hence called animalflowers, i 
■when expanded and floating near the fmooth furfiice of Ascidia, is alfo a beautiful genus, the fpecies of 
a calm fea, and in the dead of night, attrad their prey which are fixedon pieces of rock, fliells, fea-weeds, &c. 
by the beauty and fplendour of their reflected light. and are all more or lefs fliaped in the form of a jar or 
Fig. 2, in the preceding Engraving, reprefents the bottle: they are included, in a kind of fheath, out of 
Medusa hemifpherica, in its quiefeent (fate, and of its which they expand their anterior part to receive their 
natural fize. Its appearance is that of a drop of tranf- food, and retire again when fated.—See the Plate of 
parent jelly ; and fo minute are the red. globules or thefe in our fecond volume. 
bafes of the tentacula which furround the dilc, that they Mamma ri a, is a fmall naked worm, which inhabits 
are fcarcely to be diftlnguifhed without the help of the the Northern Ocean and Greenland Seas, 
microfeope. Yet has this little creature, wheo it fails Pedicella ri a, is a fmall foft worm, fixed on a 
in queft of food, the faculty of expanding its tentacula rigid peduncle, with a reddilh. round head, refembling 
or arms to a fize equal to that which is ftiown at fig. 3.— a fmall cherry.—A fpecimen of this worm is given in 
For figures of larger and more elegant fpecies, fee the the annexed Engraving, at fig. 7. 
Engraving adapted to the article Medusa. Tethys, is about fix inches long, with a cylindrical 
TheLiMAX, or flug, is confeffedly the moft Ample as probofeis, under an’expanded membrane, 
well as moft humble of this order of vermes; and being Pterotrachb-a, has a moveable fin under the tail, 
univerfally known, affords aready comprehenliori of the and its head is. crowned with conic fpines, fet over a 
flimy nature and retractile quality of the flefh of thefe long probofeis or fucker. 
animals, which can expand or contract at pleafure. Derris, is a cylindrical worm, compofed of flexible 
Onchidium, ,is the flug of Eengal, of a gree'nifh iifh- articulations, tapering to a point behind, 
colour: it has the faculty of continually changing its Holothuria, ranks among the moft elegant of the 
farm and fize from circular to linear, and, like the Me- vermes contained in this order ; its mouth is inverted 
dufa above deferibed, is quite drawn in when .at reft. with flefliy branched tentacula or feelefa, which are re- 
Lapljsia, is a very Angular misfhapen mafs, enve- traftile ; and it can expand or contract its body at plea- 
loped in a loofe fkiiv; when touched it difeharges a black fure.—See the curious engravings adapted to the article 
dr red fqnies, very fetid ;>• and is faid to caufe the hail' Holothuria. 
to fall off the hands of thofe who touch it. Lobaria, is a worm rarely met with ; and is thus 
Doris, is a creeping flug-like animal, oblong, , named from having its tail compofed of four lobes, 
and flat beneath, with the mouth below, and rent on Triton, is a fmall worm, diftinguifhed by a long 
the back behind, furrounded with a fringe. They are fpiral probofeis; and tvvelve ciliateftentacula. 
in general beautifully .coloured, finely gloffed, and Lern^ea; is a very curious genus, having a kind of 
fringed. The Doris claviger.a is Ihown in the abov v e- oblong naked body; head deftitute of .eyes, but fur- 
mentioned Engraving at fig. 4, in its creeping ftate ; nilhed with~ftrong branched tentacula or horns, by which 
and at fig. 5, it is turned upon its back: the fpecies it infinuates itfelf between the gills of fifh, and there 
called the argo, or fea-ltmon, is figured and explained in fucks its nourilhment. Its ovaries are external, pro- 
vol. vi. p. 26. V jedting like two tails from the lower extremity, which 
Aphrodita, is a creeping"Tea-animal, Angularly it glues on the cheek of the fifli rvhereto it adheres, and 
furniihed witii briftly fafciculate fdet, brown fur on the there the young are hatched. It is faid to be extremely 
back, bordere i with green-gold Iiair, and (harp fpines, troublefome to moff lpecies of eod-filh.—See this worm 
on the fides; it is often devoured by the cod-filh.— dorreftly delineated in the Helminthology Plate III. 
See lome curious fpecirnens of this genus figured in ihe fig. 6, with the ovaries in an advanced ftate of pregnancy. 
Engraving adapted to that article in our firft volume. The genus Clio forms a very curious little family 
Nereis, is a long creeping' worm, with numerous in this order: they are quite fmall, being Only met with 
lateral peduncles dr feet on each fide ; they frequently from the iize of a pea to about an inch in length. They 
affemble in confiderable numbers, and illuminate the are furniihed with a kind of ftmath, from, which they 
fea in fo fplendid a manner as to make it appear as if protrude their body,, and retradl it again, as it belt fuits 
on fire.—This very curious animal is exhibited in the their pnrpofe. They pdffefs a dilatable membrane on 
Helminthology Plate 111. fig. 8. each fide, in the Ihape of wings, which gives them the 
Spio, is contained in a coriaceous tube, from which appearance of an infe£t, but which ferves them as fins.. 
Sc Y LLiE A» 
