H E L 
A fupernumerary fervant.—I live in the corner of a vaft 
unfurniftied houfe: my family copfifts of a fteward, a 
groom, a helper in the (table, a footman, and an old maid. 
Swift. 
HELP'FUL, adj. Ufeful; that which givesafliftance : 
Let’s fight with gentle words, 
’Till time lend friends, and friends their helpful fwords. 
Shakefpeare. 
Wholefome; falutary.—A (kilful chemift can as well, 
by feparation of vifible elements, draw helpful medicines 
out of poifon, as poifon out of the moll: healthful herbs. 
Raleigh. 
HELP'ING, J. The aft ofafiifting. 
HELP'LESS, adj. Wanting power to fuccour one’s 
felf.—Let our enemies rage and perfecute the poor and 
the helplefs J but let it be our glory to be pure and peace¬ 
able. Rogers. —Wanting fupport or afiiftance : 
How fiiall I then your helplefs fame defend ? 
’Twill then be infamy to feem your friend. Pope. 
Irremediable; admitting no help : 
Such helplefs harms it’s better hidden keep. 
Than rip up grief, where it may not avail. Spenfer. 
yl&fupplied ; void : with of. This is unufual, perhaps 
improper : 
Naked he lies, and ready to expire, 
Helplefs of all that human wants require. Dryden. 
HELP'LESSLY, adv. Without ability; without fuc¬ 
cour. 
HELP'LESSNESS, f. Want of ability ; want of fuc¬ 
cour. 
HEL'SING,/. A brafs coin among the Saxons, equi¬ 
valent to our halfpenny. 
HEL'SINGBORG, a fea-port town of Sweden, in 
the province of Schonen, on the coafi of the Sound, op- 
polite ldellingoer. It had formerly a ftrong caftle, but 
iuffered feverely in the wars of the 17th century, fo that 
it is now a defencelefs place, with little commerce. It 
has, however, manufactures of ribbons, hats, and boots. 
Here is a ferry acrofs the Sound to Denmark : twenty- 
eight miles north-welt of Lund, and fifty welt of Chrif- 
tianftadt. Lat. 56. 2. N. Ion. 12.40. E. Greenwich. 
HEL'SINGFORS, afea-port town of Sweden, in the 
rovince of Nyland, on the north coafi of the Gulf of 
inland ; built by Guftavus I. it is defended by feveral 
forts, and is conlidered as one of the belt towns in the 
province : 140 miles ealt-fouth-eaft of Abo. Lat. 60. 
20. N. Ion. 24. 42. E. Greenwich. 
HELSIN'GIC, adj. [from Helfingia , a province of 
Sweden.] Belonging to a character or letter peculiar to 
lome ancient inlcription found in the province of Hel¬ 
fingia. 
HEL'SINGLAND, a province of Sweden, in Nord- 
land, bounded on the north by Jamtland and Medelpad, 
on the eaft by the Gulf of Bothnia, on the fouth by 
Geftricia, and on the louth-wefi and weft by Dalecarlia; 
about 120 miles in length, and ninety in breadth. The 
proportion of arable land is (mall, but fertile ; the paf- 
ture lands feed great-numbers of cattle; flax forms a 
principal article of cultivation ; the rivers and lakes 
abound with filh. The forerts are extenfive, and well 
liipplied with wood, both for timber and the ufe of the 
iron mines, of which there are many in the province. 
The chief articles of commerce are iron, flax, linen, 
tallow, butter, tar, deals, timber, &c. The principal 
town is Hudickfwall. 
HELSINGO'ER, a town of Denmark, fituated on the 
eaft coaft of the illand of Zealand, built on the fide of 
a mountain, near the Sound, next to Copenhagen the 
richeft and moll beautiful town of the iftand. All mer- 
chant-veirels palling through the Sound pay a duty at 
this place, eta which account every nation that trades 
to the Baltic has its conful here. In 1311, this town 
Vol. IX. No. 391, 
H E L 365 
was laid wafte and plundered by the inhabitants of Rof- 
tock and Wifmar ; and was lacked a fecond time in 1522, 
by the combined fleet of the Hanfe-towns. Chriftian II. 
would have given this town up to the Dutch, but the' 
inhabitants opppfed it; on which account they incurred 
that monarch’s difpleafure, and the toll, or cyftom- 
houfe, was rembved to Copenhagen ; but, howfiVer, it 
did not continue there long. Helfingoer lias no har¬ 
bour, but a goc-' Vnd fafe road : twenty miles north of. 
Copenhagen. Lat. 56. 2. N. Ion. 12. 37. E. Greenwich; 
HEL'STON, a pleafant and populous town in the 
county of Cornwall, 14 miles diftant front Falmouth, and 
270 from London ; fituated on the river Cober, near its 
influx into the fea. It is one of theCornifli towns appoint¬ 
ed for the coinage of tin ; and is the place of aflembly for 
the weft divifion of the (hire. It has a good market on Sa¬ 
turdays; and fairs on March 13, July 20, September 9, 
November 8, the fecond Saturday before St. Thomas’s- 
day, and the Saturday before Midlent-Sunday, Palm- 
Sunday, and Whit-Monday. It had formerly a priory 
and a caftle, and fent members to parliament in the reign 
ot Edward I. but was not incorporated till the 27th of 
queen Elizabeth, who vefted the jurifdidtion in a mayor, 
four aldermen, common-councilmen, and twenty-four 
aftiftants. In 1774, the corporation being reduced to one 
alderman and eight freemen, (there being no mayor,) a 
new charter was granted, which appointed thirty-one 
freemen, but included the remaining corporators. Here 
is a large market-houfe, and a guild-hall ; and the town 
confifts of four ftreets that lie in the form of a crofs, 
with a little channel of water running through each. 
The fteeple of the church with its fpire is ninety feet 
high, and ferves as a fea-mark. A little below the town 
there is a good harbour, where the tin-lhips take in their 
lading. King John exempted Helfton from paying toll 
any where but in the city of London ; and from being 
impleaded any where but in their own borough. 
HEL'TER-SKEL'TER, adv. [As Skinner fancies, 
from jjeolptepi pceabo, the darknefs of hell; hell, fays 
he, being a place of confufion.] In a hurry ; without- 
order ; tumultuoufly : 
Sir John, I am thy Piftol, and thy friend ; 
And kelter-Jkelter have I rode to England, 
And tidings do I bring. ° Shakefpeare. 
HELVE, f. [helpe, Sax.] The handle of an axe.—. 
The flipping ol an axe from the helve, whereby another 
is (lain, was the work of God himfelf. Raleigh. 
To HELVE, v. a. To fit with a helve or handle. 
To HELVE, v. a. To fit with a haft, to fit with a 
handle. 
HELVEL'LA, f in botany, a genus of the clafs cryp- 
togamia, order fungi. The generic charafters are—Pi- 
leus on a ftem, fmooth on both fides; feeds thrown out 
from under the furface. 
Species. 1. Helvetia mitra: ftem femi-tranfparent,’ 
ribbed, grooved; pileus, lobes growing to the ftem. 
When old it turns quite black, which is the reafon why 
Schaeffer has figured it fo many times. It is extremely 
variable, the ftem from half an inch to two inches dia¬ 
meter, from one and a half to four or five inches high ; 
the colour from that of colourlefs horn to pearly, to 
brown, and almoft to black. The pileus is not lefs varia¬ 
ble in ftiape and fize than the ftem. Stem, or rather a 
bundle of ftems, about three inches high, nearly pellu¬ 
cid ; cannefted together by places, often ferpentine, 
ribbed and grooved ; from one to two inches diameter ; 
pileus covering feveral ftems united together, rather 
brownilh, thin ; brittle and tender ; hanging over ; its 
under furface feems granulated, and is of a pale brown. 
See the Plate, fig. j. This fpe’cies is found near Bun¬ 
gay, but rather rare ; by Withering, clofe to the wall 
by the upper Stew, at Edgbafton; from Auguft to No¬ 
vember. 
3. Helvella pineti: without any ftalk, as (hown on the 
S A Plate 
