HERA 
perors, kings, and fovereign dates, ufually bear; as be¬ 
ing annexed to the territories, kingdoms, and provinces, 
they poiTefs. 
Arms of Pretenfion, are thofe of fuch kingdoms, pro¬ 
vinces, or territories, to which a prince or lord has fome 
claim, and which he adds to his own, although the faid 
kingdoms or territories be poflefled by a foreign prince 
or other lord. 
Arms of ConceJJton, or augmentation of honour, are ei¬ 
ther entire arms, or the addition of fome figures, given 
by princes as a reward for extraordinary fervices. 
Arms of Community, are thofe of biihoprics, cities, uni- 
verfitfes, academies, focieties, companies, and other bo¬ 
dies corporate. 
Arms of Patronage, are fuch as governors of provinces, 
lords of manors, patrons of benefices, See. add to their 
family-arms, as a token of their fuperiority, rights, and 
jurifdidtion. 
Arms of Family, or paternal arms , are thofe that be¬ 
long to one particular family, that diftinguifh it from 
others, and which no perfon is fuffered to alTume with¬ 
out committing a crime which fovereigns have a right 
to reftrain and punifh. 
Arms of Alliance, are thofe which families, or private 
perfonsj take up and join to their own, to denote the al¬ 
liances they have contracted by marriage. 
Arms of Succejjion, are fuch as are taken up by perfons 
who inherit certain eftates, manors, &c. either by will, 
entail, or donation, and which they generally impale or 
quarter with their own arms. 
DEFINITIONS of HERALDIC TERMS-. 
Previoufly to our giving a comprehenfive defeription 
of all the charges which are the component parts of any 
coat of arms, it may not be ufelefs to offer to the reader 
a clear and concife explanation of the fcientific terms 
which occur fo often in treatifes of heraldry; and, in 
order to facilitate the underftanding of Latin and French 
works relative to this fubjeft, we have fubjoined, as of¬ 
ten as we Could with fuificient authority, their corre- 
fponding exprellions in thofe languages. We have ob¬ 
tained, however, repeating feveral of the words that are 
explained more fully in the courfe of this treatife. 
Abatement, a device added to coats of arms, to 
•denote fome (lain, and whereby the original dignity of 
coat-armour was rendered of lefs efteem. Lat. diminu- 
tiones armorum ; Fr. 'abatement. 
Achievement, the coat of arms of a perfon, or fa¬ 
mily, wfth all the exterior ornaments of the fhield, hel¬ 
met, mantlings, motto, &c. together with the quarter- 
ings which they may have acquired by alliances or other 
means. Funeral Achievements are termed hatchments\ 
Lat. injigniagentilitid ; Fr. armories. 
Addorsed, fignifies borne or fet back to back, Fr. 
aiojft. 
Adumbration,, the fhadow only of any figure, out¬ 
lined and painted of a colour darker than the field. Lat. 
adumbratio. 
Affronte', fet with the face lookingfrontwife. 
Allerion, an imaginary bird, made to refemble a 
mutilated eagle, and faid to be ufed in the French bla- 
eonry to denote vanquifhed Imperialifts. Lat. aquilee 
mutilce ; Fr. aiglettes. 
Amethyst, a term ufed inftead of purpart, or pur¬ 
ple, in blazoning the, arms of the Englifh nobility. See 
the Paradigm. 
Annulet, a circle, fometimes. borne as a charge in 
coats of arms, and alfo added to them as a difference for 
the fifth fon. Lat. annulus-, Fr. anntau. 
Afaume'e,. a hand opened and upright. 
Arg,ent, the common French word for Jilver, of which 
metal all white fields or charges are fuppol'ed to confift. 
Lat. argentum ; but as thefe words, Or, Argent, are ufed 
adjedtively, the Latin ought to be aureus, argenteus. 
Armed, a word ufe to exprefs the horns, hoofs, 
L D R Y. 419 
beak, or talons, of any beaft or bird of prey, when borne 
of a different tincture from their bodies. Lat. armattis ; 
Fr. arrae. 
Armorist, a perfon (killed in the knowledge of coats 
of arms. 
Arrondie, denotes a charge, or part of it, made of 
a round form. 
Attired, is faid of the horns of flags or deer, when 
of a different tindture from their bodies or heads. Lat. 
armatus-, Fr. acorne. 
Augmentation, denotes a particular'mark of ho¬ 
nour, granted in addition, by the fovereign, either quar¬ 
tered with the family-arais, or borne on an efcutcheon, 
chief, canton, Sec. 
Azu re, is ufed to exprefs i/af. In heraldry engrav¬ 
ings, this colour is denoted by horizontal lines drawn 
from the dexter to the finifter fide of the fcutcheon. 
Lat. caeruleus ; Fr. azur. 
Badge, a fign or mark by which the bearer is to be 
diftinguifhed. 
Banded, a head, or any figure tied round with a band 
of a different tindture. Lat. ligatus • Fr. lie. 
Banner, a flag, ftandard, or enlign, carried at the 
end of a lance, or pole, and generally made fquare. 
'There are fome families in Europe who Hill bear their 
coat of arms in-an efcutcheon of this form, as that^ for 
example,.of de Coucy,. originally of Picardy, Lat. vexil- 
lum Fr. banniere. 
Banneret a very ancient title of honour, faid to de¬ 
rive its inftitution from the Romans, towards the end of 
the emperor Gratian’s reign. Their fhield was fquare, 
and they bore their arms in a banner of the fame form. 
Bar, a diminutive of the fefs. Lat. vcSlis ; Fr. barre. 
Barbed, is ufed to denote the green prickly leaves, 
which are reprefented on the outfide of the full-blown 
rofe, and the pheon of an arrow. Lat. barbatus; Fr, 
barbe. 
Baron and Femme, ufed in blazoning the arms of a 
man and his wife marfhalled together. 
Barrulet, a diminutive of the bar. Lat. fafciola ; 
Fr. barelle. 
Barry,, denotes a field divided horizontally into 
feveral equal partitions of two different tindlures alter¬ 
nately difpofed. If the divifron be odd, the field muft 
be firft named, and the number of bars mentioned. Lat. 
fafciolatus ; Fr. barelle. 
Barry-bendy, denotes a field divided into even 
parts, both barwife and-bend wife. 
Barways or Barwise, a charge difpofed after the 
manner of a- bar. See Heraldry Plate II. fig. 
Baton, a ftafF or truncheon, borne in Englifh coats 
of arms, as a badge of illegitimacy. Lat. bacillus ; Fr. 
baton. See Heraldry Plate HI. 
Battering-ram, an engine much in ufe among the 
ancients, before gunpowder was invented, for beating 
down the walls of the places they befieged. Lat. aries 5 
Fr. be Her. 
Battlements, the interflices on caftle-Walls or 
towers. 
Beaked, faid of /the bills of birds,, when they are of 
a different tinfture from the body, Lat ..rojlratus-, Fr. 
becque. 
Beaver, that part of the helmet which defends the 
fight; called by fome heralds, guarde vifure ;. vifor. 
Belled, having bells affixed to tome part of the 
charge; generally faid of falcons, hawks, &c. 
Bend, one of the honourable or principal ordinaries. 
Lat. tania ; Fr. bande. Bend-finijier , is that which comes 
from the finifter to the dexter fide of the fhield : and 
we fay “ in bend ,” when figures borne in coats of arms 
are placed obliquely, from the dexter chief to the finifter 
bafe, as the bend lies, or vice verfa. See Plate III. 
Bendlet, a diminutive of the fourth part or bend. 
Lat. taniola ; Fr. bandelette. 
Bendy, a field, divided diagonally into an even. 
number 
