.448 HERA 
explanation of heraldic terms, and p. 436.) he adopted 
it as his own. The fmall animal called genet , palling be¬ 
tween two fprigs of broom, was his other cognizance, 
and is> deferibed in the records of the heralds office : 
** K ported, ung genette pajfant entre deux planter, de genejle.” 
The genet is.the Viverragenetta of Linnaeps. “ The ears 
of the genet are a little pointed; the body is (lender,, 
and the tail very long. The colour.of the body is a 
tawny-red fpolted with black, and the ridge of the 
back is marked with a black; line : the tail isannulated 
with black and tawny, and the feet are black. It is 
about the fize of a marlin, but the fur is fhorter.” See 
the article Viverra. 
Edward III. adopted the flump of a tree, “ therby to 
fignify his ilourilhing iflue.” His moft magnanimous 
fon Edward, fur’named, from his iron armour, the Black 
Prince, had “ a funne aryfing out of the clowdes, be- 
tokenning that, although his noble courage and princely 
valour had hitherto "beetle hid and obfeured from the 
World, now he was aryfing ;to glory and honnor in 
France.” This gallant hero, at the battle of Crefly, 
affumed the three oftrich’s feathers and coronet which 
he took from John king pf Bohemia, who was flain in 
his encounter with the prince ; and added to it the mo¬ 
del!: arid fubmiffive motto, ich oxen, “ I ferve.” See 
the Heraldry Plate XIV. This badge has been ever 
iince continued to the princes tff Wales. 
The badge of Richard II. was a white hart lodged, 
with a crown round his neck chained or ;—he bore alfo 
a fun in its fplendor, from the badge.of his father ; and 
on his monument in Weftminfter Abbey his robe is 
ftrewed with branches of peafepds opened, the peafe 
running opt; the meaning of which we have not been 
able to afeertain in a manner that could be fatisfattory 
to our readers. 
Henry IV. bore on a fable ground, three oflrich’s 
feathers ermine, for a difference from the badge of 
his brother the black prince.'—Alfo a fox-tail de¬ 
pendent proper, in allufion to the old faying : “ if the 
lion’s Ikinne were too ffiort, to piece it with a fox’s tail j” 
' meaning, that where ftrength and courage cannot con¬ 
quer, cunning and fubtility muff be ufed : a maxim 
which may have frequently fuccpeded, though not ad- 
miffible at all times. The red rofe, which he bore alfo, 
he inherited from his grandfather Henry the firft duke 
of Lancafter; the fwan and antelope he exhibited in his 
Angle combat with Mowbray duke of Norfolk; who 
himfelf, in allufion to his name, had mulberry-trees for 
his badge. 
Henry V. is faid to have firft enfigned the arms 
of England with an imperial crown, and to have reduced 
the fleurs-de-lys to three, in the bearing for that king¬ 
dom, in imitation of his contemporary the king of 
France, who had .given up the Seme. He bore for his- 
badges a burning torch, and a fleur-de-lys crowned. 
His motto was ung fans plus, “ one and no more.” 
Henry Vl. chole a panther feme of roundlets of all 
hues, and alfo two oftrich’s feathers in faltire argent. 
Edward IV. took the white rofe, being the badge of 
Mortymer earl of March, in whofe right he had that 
■ earldom alfo'; becaufe Richard earl of Cambridge,- 
grandfather to that king, had married Anne daughter 
and Xeir of Roger de Mortymer, earl of March. But 
after the battle of Mortymer’s crofs, where he law, (or 
thought he had feen, aut videt, aut.vidijfep'utat) three funs 
conjoined in one; he added golden rays to the rofe. 
His other badge, the falcon in the fetterlock, was that 
of Edmund de Langlev, his grandfather, fifth fon of 
Edward III. 
Richard 111 . ufed “ the white rofe in the fun,” as his 
brother Edward IV. had it. 
Henry VII. adopted the portcullis of the houfe of So- 
merfet,-anda rofe per pale gules and argent. Afterwards-, 
he placed the white rofe within the red one. As he was 
crowned king on the field of battle, with the crown of 
L D R Y. 
Richard III. found in a hawthorn buffi, hebore the crown 
and the buffi, with the lettersH. R. andH. E. as maybe 
feen in the windows of his chape! at Weftminfter-abbey. 
Henry VIII. bore alfo the red rofe encornpaffing the 
white, fometimes in the fun-beams and crowned. 
Queen Elizabeth took the pheenix burning, with the 
motto “femper eadem Her other badge was a falcon 
argent crowned or, holding a feeptre of the fecond, and 
handing on^Jie flumps of a tree, between two growing 
branches of white and red rofes; which badge had been 
given to her mother, Ann Bullen, by Henry VIII.—-The 
foregoing notes on the fucceffive badges of our kings 
have been carefully extracted from a manufeript writ¬ 
ten in the earlieft part of the reign of Jame > 1 . 
Since the reign of queen Elizabeth, the fpir.it of chi¬ 
valry, which had declined confiderably in the fixteenth 
centliry, being entirely funk, badges have grown in con- 
fequence into difufe. They originated with the war¬ 
like fports of tilts and tournaments; and with thofe 
they ended. Many of them were fuperfeded by crefts; 
foroe, tint few, became crefts themfelves ; and fewer 
ftill have been preferved. Some of our nobility retain the 
family badges, as in the inftance of the earl of DelHwar, 
who bears the crimpette and impaled rofe; and the earl 
of Abergavenny, who ftill retains the rofe and portcullis. 
On account of the fatal feiffion of the royal houfes of, 
York and Lancaftep, the white and red rofe became, as 
vve have noticed above, the diftinCtive badges of,the 
two contending branches of the fame Item ; deluges of 
blood empurpled the field of Albion during the mighty 
ftrife, till at length, in Bofworth field, Richard III. be- • 
ing flain, Richmond, of the houfe of Tudor, became 
poffiefled of the throne, and exclaimed : 
As we have ta’en the facrament, 
We will unite the white rofe and the red. Shakefpearc. 
This badge of the united rofes is ftill the noble cog¬ 
nizance of England ; to which the thijlle or badge of 
Scotland, and the Jhamrock of Ireland, have been fuccef- 
fively added, according to the period of the junction of 
thofe kingdoms under the feeptre and fway of the fame 
monarch, reprefented by the fame parliament, and pro¬ 
tected by the wife laws of the fame happy conftitution. 
See Plate IX. fig. 28, with the collar of SS, which 
plate exhibits the moft confpicuous badges and crefts 
of the three united kingdoms, in a manner as correCt as co¬ 
pies and-deferiptions from the beft of authorities, the He¬ 
ralds’ Office, could poffibly produce. 
Of SUPPORTERS. 
Thefe are natural, allegorical, or chimerical, figures, 
placed on a compartment or fcroll at the bottom of the 
ftiield which they feem to fupport. Their origin, like 
. that of feveral other parts of the fcience of Heraldry, is 
enveloped and perhaps irretrievably loft in the clouds 
of antiquity. Some authors pretend that they were at 
firft painted as if holding the ftiield behind, and from 
fome old fpecimens of this manner they alfo derive the 
origin of the creft as well as that of the fupporters. See 
Plate XI. fig. 1. The moft probable opinion is that they 
' firft were made ufe of and publicly exhibited as a part of 
chivalrous pageantry at tournaments, where the knights 
caufed their banners to be carried', and fometimes their 
ffiields to be held, by their pages, fervants, or attend¬ 
ants, difguifed under the ffiape of lions, tigers, leopards, 
&c. in order that their arms might be infpeCted by 
other knights, and thereby their family and connections 1 
afeertained. It appears'that thefe efcuteheons.or flags 
were lent to the place of entertainment a few days , 
before it began; and a grand proceffidn, called la montre, 
thefhow, uled to take place after the mafs of the Holy GhoJ}, 
from the ehurch to the lifts, amidft the acclamations of 
the admiring multitude, through the principal ftreets of, 
the city. We have, in ancient books oPheraldry, feveral 
inltances, well drawn and,coloured, of thefe animals 
1 Handing 
