HERA 
is heir to her mother, without being fo to her father; 
who, marrying a fecond wife, has’male iffue, which be¬ 
comes the reprefentative of the father. In order, there* 
fore, to obtain for the lady, what (he is unqueftionably 
entitled to, namely, the inheritance of her mother, the 
heralds have adopted a method which (hows at once the 
reprefentation, namely by placing the arms of her 
father in a canton on her maternal coat, and thusenabling 
her to quarter all the arms to which her late mother 
became entitled. 
We have adopted, in the engraved table, the efcooheon 
of pretence, indead of the impalement, for a better elu¬ 
cidation of rhe principlesof marflialling.thearms of heir- 
elfes, although we are well aware that this mode was 
not in ufe at the period when the reprefentative of the 
families mentioned in the table exirted. 
Of FLAGS and COLOURS. 
Since the age of the Phoenicians, the firft people 
who ventured out to aidant feas, all nations have 
adopted fome peculiar marks to didinguifli their veflels 
from others, whenever the allurements of trade or the 
fury of war called them out of their havens to foreign 
(bores. We read in one of the moft enthufiaftic palfages 
of the fublime prophecies of Ezekiel, chap, xxvii. v. 7. 
tiie following words addrefled to the city of Tyre, 
defcribed under the allegory of a (hip : Hyacinthus et 
purpura dj infulis ElijahfaElafunt operimentum tuum ; “Your 
pavilion has been made of hyacinth and purple from the 
iiiand of Elijah;” from which it is allowable to infer, 
that the national colours of the trading city of Tyre, 
the emporium of the world at that time, were blue and 
Jrarlet; (fee Pukpure, p. 427.) .fince the word aperi~ 
menium may be tranllated by pavilion, which the French 
u(e to this day to (igiiify a naval flag ; for they fay 
commonly, lepavilion Anglois, Efpagnol , Francois &c. having 
no other way to exprels naval flags or colours. Ancient 
(hips had no conveniences under deck, and therefore a 
large pavilion or tent was eretded on the (tern, the 
colour of which was likely to didinguifli the lea-faring 
nations. Fenelon, who had (hidied the manners and 
habits of the ancients with fo much attention and fuc- 
cefs, that his immortal Telemachu' might fairly pafs 
for a genuine tranflation of a Greek poem, makes his 
hero elcape the enemy by imitating the colour of the 
ribbons and other charadteriftic ornaments fufpended to 
the malis of their (hips. Pliny tells us that the (tern 
and prow of trading veflels and men-of-war were without 
exception decorated with colours, and at Athens, Co¬ 
rinth, add Sicyon, the profeflion of ihip-painters preceded 
the famous ichools of painting in thole cities. We 
read in the journals of circumnavigators, that even the 
barbarous tribes who inhabit the i(lands of the Pacific 
Ocean and South Sea, as wel 1 as the lavages of America, 
all make ufe of fome appropriate means to be eadly 
recognized whenever they navigate their rude and 
clumly canoes at fome diftance from their native creeks. 
Woven reeds were ufed for fails, and ruflies for drea¬ 
mers, hence the common word jlag for both the water- 
plant and the naval colours ; as the w ord bark for the rind 
of a tree, and the (mall (hip originally made out of it. 
Although naval flags do not come -immediately under 
the cognizance of heraldry, yet it mu ft be allowed that 
they are intimately connected with the fcience, fince ie- 
veral of them exhibit the lefpeftive armorial enfigns of 
the nations they belong to, whilft others have a bear¬ 
ing .of their own. We (hall content ourfelves with fe- 
leCting a few inftances, which we truft will be accepta¬ 
ble to our readers. See alio the article Signal. ' 
The American States have adopted a flag ..which-may 
bedefciibed as follows: Gules, lix bendlets argent, on 
a canton azure thirteen dars 3,2,3,2,3, of the'fecond. 
See Plate X. fig. 17. 
The Czar'of Mufcovy. Party per fefs argent and 
Vol. IX.-No. 599. 
LDRY. 453 
gules, a fefs azure charged with a demi.eagle with two 
heads crowned or. See Heraldry, Plate X. fig. 18. 
The flag of Poland is gules, an arm embowed naked 
holding a fcymetar proper, the upper fleeve azure. See 
Heraldry Plate X. fi^. 19. 
The French revolutionary colours are paly of,three, 
azure argent and gules. See Heraldry Plate X. fig. 20. 
The flag of Algiers is azure a fefs gules fuimountcd 
with a bar vert. See Heraldry Plate X. fig. »r. 
The flag of Tetuan is gules a fefs vert. See Heraldry 
Plate X. fig. 22. 
The flag of Malta is white enfigned with a crofs 
gules, the form,of which is fo,peculiar to the order of 
knighthood of that name, that it, has retained the deno¬ 
mination of the Malta-crofs. See Plate X. fig. 13. 
The colours of Leghorn are on a flag argent a crofs 
botionny gules. See Plate X. fig. 24. 
The flag of Hamburgh is charged with three towers 
argent. See Plate X. fig. 23. 
The colours of Perfiti are, or three decrements arge«t. 
See Plate X. fig. 26. 
It mu ft be obferved that many of tliefe bearings are 
not confident with the drift rules of heraldry. 
FUNERAL ACHIEVEMENTS. 
Heraldry, as clearly appears by the foregoing pages, 
feems to be the condant and faithful companion of man 
through the different periods of his life. At his birlh, 
(he udiers.him into the world by the real and appropriate 
title he ought to bear; in his youth, die amufes and 
indrufts his mind by the difplay of her fcientific rules 
and dgnificant enluminures ; when of age, die teaches 
him how to eredt and decorate his family nianfion, what 
(hields of arms (hould (well in bold relievo over the 
portals of his cadle, or adorn in hidorical array the 
frize and cornices of his hall's. Herclaflicai-penciUransfers 
the fplendid honours of her pallet to the pannels of his 
carriage; enlivens with her (evenfold tindtures the 
liveries of his attendants, and embroiders his mantle 
with hereditary armories, which charadterize and 
honourably didinguifli him through public and pri¬ 
vate life. Heraldry has diredled him in what family 
to feek for his lovely confort, the fair partner of every 
focial enjoyment; the pedigree of his ancedors is again 
unfolded to his view, and heraldry, with unerring hand, 
poiqts out the names which courtefy or family dif- 
tindlions have felected for his children. If the found 
of the trumpet calls him from thefe domedic comforts, 
to nobler employments in defence of his country, the 
genius of heraldry dandsby his lide holding as a mirror 
his trudy buckler, which (he has fo curioudy wrought 
with the achievements of his ancedors, that we may- 
fay of him, as Virgil does of his hero in a different 
view,. “ Avorum attollens humero famamque et fata 
Juorum .” So alfo, wh?n his earthly career is run, and 
the tomb of his ancedors opens its doried valves to re¬ 
ceive the remains of one whofe life was glorioudy fpent 
in the fervice of his country ; who fo highly merited the 
affection of his relations, and the regard of His friends; 
heraldry is dill at hand, endeavouring to confole the 
mourners for the lols they fudained by amufing the eye 
with armorial pageantry, calculated to animate and raife 
the drooping heart from grief. The family banners 
that proudly float around the herfe, of that wave in 
(olenin proceflion through the flreets, amid the admiring 
crowd; the fable vehicle, and the family efcutcheons, 
the trappings of the horles, and the numerous (hields 
which ornament the gothic pile where the body is to be 
depodted : in one word, the whole of the funeral pomp 
is marftalled by the hands of heraldry ; who, .to defeat 
as much as poilible the combined efforts of time and of 
death, officially configns his name to her facred records, 
as the lad tribute die can pay to the memory of her 
departed friend. 
5 Z TJie 
