467 
HERALDRY. 
1789, and Catharine-Anne-Saflah. His grace died Janu¬ 
ary 31, 1799, when he was fucceeded by the prefent 
duke. 
Creations. —Baron Ofborne of Kiveton, and Vif- 
count Latimer, Auguft 15, 1673; Earl of Danby, in the 
county of York, June 27, 1674; Marquis of Caermar- 
then, April 20, 1689; and Duke of Leeds, in the county 
of York, May 4, 1694. 
Residences. —Horubv Caftle, and Kiveton Park, in 
Yorkfhire; and Godolphin Park, in the county of Corn- 
wall.—Town-houfe, Grofvenor-fquare. 
Armorial Bearings. —See the annexed Engraving. 
Motto. —Pax in bdlo .—“ Peace in war.” 
RUSSEL, DUKE OF BEDFORD. 
JOHN RUSSEL, Duke and Earl of BEDFORD, 
Marquis of Ta„viftock, Baron RulTel of Cheneys and 
Thornhaugh, and Baron Howland of Streatham ; fuc¬ 
ceeded his brother Francis, the late duke. May 2, 1802: 
born July 6, 1766 ; married at Brulfels, March 21, 1786, 
Geoegiana-Elizabeth, fecond daughter of George Byng, 
vifcount Torrington, who died Oftober 10, 1801, leav¬ 
ing ilfue Francis, marquis of Taviftock, heir apparent, 
born May 13, 1788; George-William, born May 8, 
1790; and John, born Auguft 19, 1792. His grace mar¬ 
ried, fecondly, June 23, 1803, lady Georgiana Gordon, 
daughter of Alexander duke of Gordon, and has ilfue, 
Wriothefley, born May 11, 1804; Edward, born April 
24, 1S05; and Charles-James-Fox, born Feb. 10, 1807.. 
The family of RulTel came originally from Normandy, 
and was fettled in the county of Dorfet fo early as the 
beginning of the reign of king John. It is recorded that 
John, firft lord RulTel and earl of Bedford, was pro¬ 
moted to thefe titles in confequence of having attended 
upon Philip archduke of Auftria, foil of the emperor 
Maximilian, when he was driven by a violent ftorm 
upon the coaft of Great Britain. By Henry VIII. he 
was created lord RulTel of Cheneys; and July 18, 1540, 
appointed lord high admiral of England. Having re- 
ligned this office, he was, December 3, 1543, promoted 
to be lord privy feal, in which office he continued for 
the remainder of his life. He was afterwards created 
earl of Bedford, and died March 14, 1555. 
Francis, fecond earl of Bedford, his Ton, was em¬ 
ployed in various emballies by queen Elizabeth. Wil¬ 
liam, .yotingeft Ton of Francis, ferved under the earl of 
Teicefter in the United Provinces, and, May 16, 1594, 
was appointed lord deputy of Ireland, where he made a 
fuccefsful campaign againft the rebel Tir-Ovven. Upon 
the acceffion of James I. he was created a peer by the 
title of’Baron RulTel of Thornhaugh in the county of 
Northampton. He died October 9, 1613. 
Francis, fourth earl of Bedford, his Ton, made a con- 
fiderable figure during the troubles in the reign of 
Charles I. He was the intimate friend of Mr. Pym ; 
and is reprefented by the earl of Clarendon as having 
been always inclined to moderate meafures. When the 
king had it in contemplation to appoint an adminiftration 
from the popular party, the earl of Bedford was fixed 
upon for lord high treafurer. He died May 9, 1641. 
Edward, earl of Ort’ord, firft lord cornmilfioner of the 
admiralty, was the grandfon of Francis. He was greatly 
inflrumental in the luccefs of the prince of Orange in 
1688. He gained an important viCIory over the French 
fleet at La Hogue, May 19, 1692. He was three times 
appointed firft lord commiffioner of the admiralty ; and 
was created, May 7, 1697, baron of Shingey, in the 
county of Cambridge, vifcount BarSeur in the duchy of 
Normandy., and earl of Orford in the county of Suffolk. 
He died without ilfue November 26, 1727. 
William, fifth earl, and firft duke, of Bedford, the 
foil of Francis, was July 14, 1642, appointed general of 
the horfe in the fervice of parliament, and difplayed An¬ 
gular bravery at the battle of Edgehill. In 3643, when 
the houfe of lords was voted to be ufelefs, he went over 
to the royal party, and ferved in the army of Charles I, 
at the battle of Newbury. DilTatisfied with his recep¬ 
tion, he changed lides, December 25, 1643, and his eftate 
was for a ffiort time fequeftered, By king William he 
was created marquis of Taviftock and duke of Bedford; 
and, among the motives for this promotion affigned .in 
the patent, it is obferved, “ That this was not the leaft, 
that he was father to the lord Ruflel, the ornament of 
his age, whofe name could never be forgotten, fo long 
as men preferved any efteem for fan&ity of manners, 
greatnefs of mind, and a love to their country, conftant 
even to death.” The duke died September 7, 1700. 
The mother of William lord RulTel was Anne, daughter 
and heir to Robert Carr earl of Somerfet. 
William, lord RulTel, highly diftingniffied himfelf as 
the principal leader of the original whig party in 1680, 
and as a ftrenuous advocate for the bill of exclufion. It 
is obferved by fir William Temple, “That his fetting 
himfelf at the head of thefe affairs had a great influence 
on the ‘houfe, being a perfon in general repute-, as an 
honeft worthy gentleman, without tricks or private am¬ 
bition, who was known to venture as great a ftake as 
any fubjeft in England.” He was accufed of being con¬ 
cerned in the Rye-houfe plot ; and," nobly refilling to 
efcape, was condemned, and executed July 21, 1683. 
He married Rachel, daughter and heir to Thomas 
Wriothefley earl of Southampton, lord high treafiirer of 
England. His attainder was reverfed March 16, 1689. 
Wriothefley, fecond duke of Bedford, foil of William 
lord RuffeT, married Elizabeth, daughter and heir of 
John Howland of the county of Surrey, efquire, and 
was in confequence created, during the life of his father, 
baron Howland of Streatham. Wriothefley, third duke 
of Bedford, his fon, died without ilfue Odtober 23, 1732* 
John, fourth duke of Bedford, his brother, was, De¬ 
cember 27, 1744, conftituted firft lord commiffioner of 
the admiralty, and at the breaking out of the rebellion 
raifed a regiment of foot for his majefty’s fervice. Re- 
ligninghis feat at the admiralty board, he was, February- 
13, 1748, appointed one of the principal fecretaries of 
ftate, which office he refigned in July, 1751- He was 
declared, December 15, 1756, lord-lieutenant-general 
and general-governor of the kingdom of Ireland, which 
office he held for upwards of twelve months. His grace 
was appointed, November 25, 1761, lord keeper ot the 
privy feal ; and September 4, 1762, ambaffador ex¬ 
traordinary and minifter plenipotentiary to negociate a 
treaty of peace with the court of France. He returned 
in the_following year, and, having refigned the privy 
feal, was, September 9, declared lord prefident of the 
council, which office he held till July 12, 1765. His 
gFace married April.2, 1737, Gertrude, daughter of 
J,ohn firft earl Gower; by whom he had iffue, 1. 
Francis marquis of Taviftock, who married, July 7, 
1764, Elizabeth, daughter of William Anne fecond earl 
of Albemarle; by which lady he had iffue, Francis the 
late duke, and John the prefent duke. The marquis 
of Taviftock-loft his life in confequence of a fall from 
his horle, March 22, 1767, and the marchionefs, from 
her affliction for his accident, died November 2, 1768. 
2. Caroline, born January 14, 1743, and married to 
George duke of Marlborough, Auguft 23, 1762.—His 
grace John the fourth duke died on January 14, 1771, 
when he was fucceeded by his grandfon Francis, the 
fifth and late duke ; who dying unmarried in 1802, was 
fucceeded by his brother John, the prefent and fixth 
duke of Bedford. 
Creations. —Baron RulTel of Cheneys in the coupty 
of Bucks, March 9, 1539. Earl of the county of Bed¬ 
ford, January .19, 1550. Baron Ruffel of Thornhaugh 
in the county of Northampton, July 21, 1603. Marquis 
of Taviftock in the county of Devon, and Duke of Bed¬ 
ford, May 11, 1694. Baron Howland of Streatham in 
the county of Surrey, June 13, 1695. 
Residences, —Woburn Abbey, in the county of 
Bedford $ 
