528 
HERA 
WAS PLACED IN his hands. The war which broke 
cut at this period, x was attended in its commencement 
with federal difaftrous events, particularly the capture 
of Minorca ; and, the adminiflration becoming in a high 
degree unpopular, the voice of the nation called for the 
appointment of Mr. Pitt to the conduit of public affairs. 
He was Accordingly nominated, December 4, 1756, one 
of his majefty’s principal fecretaries of flate. From this 
office he was difmiffed, April 9, 1757, and reinftated 
June 29, iri the fame year. His adminiflration was at¬ 
tended with the moft brilliant fuccefs ; and forms one 
of the grandef! epochs of the Englifh hiflory. Mr. Pitt 
refigned the feals of fecretary of date, Odtober 5, 1761, 
and accepted a peerage for his lady, and a penfion of 
three thoufand pounds for the joint lives of himfeff, his 
confort, and his eldeft fon. In 1763, fir William Pynfent, 
of Burton Pynfent, in the county of Somerlet, baronet, 
bequeathed to Mr. Pitt the bulk of his fortune, in con- 
fideration of the fervices he had rendered to his country. 
After his refignation, many attempts were made to efta- 
biifh a permanent adminiflration ; but thefe proving inef¬ 
fectual, he was again called into office, July 30, 1766, 
conftituted lord keeper'of the privy feal, and created 
vi(count Pitt of Burton Pynfent, and earl of Chatham. 
Mr. Pitt had been from his early youth the martyr of an 
hereditary gout, and loon after this period was rendered 
incapable by that infirmity of attending to public bufi¬ 
ne Is. He refigned the place of lord keeper of the privy 
feal, November 2, 1768. Lord Chatham directed his lafl 
parliamentary efforts to a vigorous oppofition to the 
American war ; but, it being at length propofed in the 
honfe of lords, April 8, 1778, to.recognize the American 
independence, the propofition was vehemently opfmfed 
by Ibrd Chatham, who was feized with a fudden illne'fs 
in the courfe of the debate, and died in the following 
month. He was buried in Weflminfler-abbey at the pub¬ 
lic expence; and it was voted by parliament that a Suit¬ 
able monument fliould be ereCted to his memory, and 
that an annuity of four thoufand pounds fliould be an¬ 
nexed to the inheritors of his title for ever ; he having 
been one of tkofe folitary Jl'atifmn, who nobly defpifed the accu¬ 
mulation of wealth at the public expence. 
The earl of Chatham married Hefter Grenville, ba- 
ronefs Chatham; by which lady, who died April 3, 1803, 
he had iffue, 1. John, the prelent earl; 2. Heller, mar¬ 
ried to the prefent earl Stanhppe, and died on July 18, 
3800; 3. Harriet, married, September 28, 1785, to Ed- 
ward-James, fon of the firll lord Eliot, and died Sep¬ 
tember 24, 17S6, leaving iffue a daughter; 4. William, 
born May 28, 1759, a privy counfellor, firft lo17i.com- 
miffioner of the treafury, chancellor and under-treafurer 
of the exchequer, lord warden and admiral of the Cinque 
Ports, and governor of Dover-caftle. This great flatef- 
man was at the head of his fovereign’s councilsfor twen¬ 
ty-two years, and died univerfally'regretted January 23, 
3806. He was buried at the public expence; a monu¬ 
ment ereCted to his memory in Weftminfter-abbey, and 
40,oool. voted by parliament for the payment of his 
debts: he hqving, like his venerable, father, defpifed 
the idea of enriching himfelf by the overflowings of the 
treafury.—5. James-Charles, in the royal navy, died in 
1780. His lordfhip, the firft earl of Chatham, died May 
jj, 1778, after having been carried home from the houle 
of lords, where he had fainted away in confequence of 
the violent exertions he hud made in his fpeech ; and 
was fucceeded by his eldell fon, John, the prefent and 
Second earl. 
Creations. —Vifcount Pitt, and Earl of Chatham, 
July 30, 1766; and Baron Chatham, in right of his mo¬ 
ther, fo created October 5, 1761. 
Residenc es. —Gedding Place, in the county of Kent. 
-—Towh-houfe, in Dover-flreeL 
ArmorialB ea ring s. —See the annexed Engraving. 
Motto ..—Renigno numine .—^ By God’s blefling.” 
LDRY. 
BATHURST, EARL BATHURST. 
HENRY BATHURST, Earl BATHURST, Baron 
Bathurfl of Battlefden, and Baron Apfley ; a Muller 
and Worker of his Majefty’s Mint, a Lord of Trade 
and Plantations, one of the Tellers of the Exchequer, 
and Joint Clerk of the Crown; born May 22, 1762; 
fucceeded his father, the late earl, Aug till 6, 1794; 
married, April 1, 1789, Georgians, youngeft daughter 
of the late lord George Lennox, and filler to Charles, 
prefent duke of Richmond; by whom he has, iffue, Hen* 
ry-George, lord Apfley, heir apparent, born February 
2+, 1790; William-Lennox, born February 14, 1791; 
Louifa-Georgiana, born September 22, 1792; Seymour- 
Thomas, born October 27, 1793; Emily-Charlotte, born 
February 9, 1798. 
The family of Bathurfl; has been traced back to the’ 
reign of Henry VI. and the ancient family feat of Bathurfl, 
in the county of Suffex, was deftroyed in the civil war 
between the houfes of York and Lancafler. George 
Bathurfl, in the reign of Charles I. had ifl'ue thirteen 
fons, lix of which loft their lives in fighting the battles 
of the royal party; and of the furvivors, Ralph, who 
embraced the clerical profelfion, has been admired for 
his L-atin poetry ; and celebrated for his independence 
in refilling the bilhopric of Briftol, in April 1691. Ben. 
jamin, younger fon of George, was cofferer of the house¬ 
hold to queen Anne, and died April 27, 1704. 
Allen, his fon, was by queen Anne created baron 
Bathurfl, of Battlefden, and was eminently diftinguilhed 
as the patron of men of letters,, being the friend of Pope, - 
Swift, Atterbury, and'Sterne. He was one of the molt 
diftinguilhed members of the’ oppofition to fir Robert 
Walpole, and difplayed great eloquence and ability in 
parliamentary.debate. Upon the refignation of that mi- 
nifterg he was conftituted, July 13, 1742, captain of the 
band of gentlemen penfioners, which office he refigned 
in 1744. By George III. he was created earl Bathurfl, 
of Bathurfl. He married Catharine, daughter and heir 
of fir Peter Apfley, of Apfley, in the county of Suffex, 
knight; by which lady, who died June 9, 1768, he had 
the following iffue: Benjamin, who married Elizabeth, 
daughter of Charles earl of Aylelbury, and died Janu¬ 
ary 17, 1767, without iffue, as did his lady, -November 
12, 1771; Henry, the fecond earl; John, died May 6, 
1777, unmarried. Allen, in holy orders, died unmar¬ 
ried, Auguft 22, 1767. Frances, married, firft, Auguft 
6, 1731, to William Wodehoufe, efq. fon and hem of 
lir John Wodehoufe, baronet; and fecondly, to James 
Whitlhfd, of Ireland, efq. Catharine, married to Re¬ 
ginald Courtenay, efq. brother to .the firft vifcount 
Courtenay, and left ifl'ue, the late bilhop of Exeter, and 
died in 1783. Jane, married to John Buller, efq. of 
Morval, in Cornwall, and had iffue three fons and three 
daughters. Leonora, married, September 1752, the late 
general Edward Urjnfton, and died Ottober 1798. Anne, 
married, April 13, 1752, the Rev. James Benfon, LL.b! 
His lordlhtp died September 16, 1775, and was fucceeded 
by his fon, Henry, the fecond earl, born May 2, 1714; 
who was appointed one of the judges of the court of 
common pleas, conftituted lord high chancellor of Great 
Britain, and in 1776 aCted as high fteward of Great Bri¬ 
tain, on the trial of the duchefs of Kingflon ; lie mar¬ 
ried Anne, daughter and heir of-James, efq. widow 
of Charles Philips, efq. and by her, who died Feb. 8, 
1758, he had no ifl'ue. He married, fecondly, Tryphena, ’ 
daughter of Thomas Scawen, efq. by wljom he had ifl'ue, 
Tryphena, born Oft. 23, 1760; Henry, the prefent earl; 
Catharine, born June 14, 1764; Selina-Letitia, born June 
3, 27663 S.ufanhah, born February 3, 1768 ; Apfley, bom 
Oct. 34, 1769. His lordfhip died Auguft 6, 1794, and was 
fucceeded by Henry, the prefent and third ear). 
Creations. —Baron Bathurfl, December 31, 1711; 
Lord Apfley, January 22, 3771 ; and Earl Bathurfl,. 
Auguft i2, 1772. 
■ Residences., 
