604 HERA 
annuities to them granted, covenanted never to acknow¬ 
ledge any other king of England but Edward and his 
fucceffors, defcended from Lionel duke of Clarence, and 
that they would be ready to ferve him in all his wars 
againft the Scots in Britain and Ireland. Thus revolt¬ 
ing from his natural prince James III. and connecting 
himfelf with his adversary, James fent John Stuart earl 
of Athol, anceftor of the prefent duke, to fub.due him, 
and to infure his future fubordination to his crown ; in 
which he completely fucceeded. It was when fetting 
forward on this expedition .againft the Hebrides, that 
the earl of Athol affumed the motto of “Furth fortune, 
and fill the fetters;” which-afterwards was confirmed 
to his defendants, and to which enterprize their fup- 
porters, &c. allude. Over a great part of the front of 
Balvenny Caftle, in Bamffshire, extends a fcroll, where¬ 
on is the motto of tire Athol family in the.more ancient 
orthography, “ Furth fortuin, and fil the fattris.” 
GRAHAM (JAMES), Duke, Marquis, and,EAtu., 
of MONTROSE, Marquis and Baron of Graham, Dun- 
daff, Kincairn, Mindock, and Kinaber, in Scotland; 
and Earl Graham, and Lord Belford, in’ the county of 
Northumberland, in England ; Knight of the Thillle, 
Mailer of the Eorfe to the King, Lord Juftice General 
of Scotland, Lord Lieutenant of Stirlingfifire, Hereditary 
Sheriff of Dumbartonlhire, Chancellor of the Univerfity 
of Glafgovv, Prefident of the Society of Antiquaries of 
Scotland, and Prefident Extraordinary of the Royal 
Bank of Scotland, D.C.L. born February 8, 1755 ; fuc - 
ceeded his father, the late duke, September 23, 179°; 
married, March 5, 1785, Jemima-Elizabeth, daughter 
of John, earl of Alhburnham, by whom he had iffue a 
foil, born September 4, 1786; the marchionefs died 
fourteen days after, and the child on April 29, 1787. 
His grace married,T'econdly, July 24, 1790, Charlotte, 
filler to William duke of Manchefter, by which lady 
he has iffue, a daughter, born June 3,, 1791; another 
daughter, born September 30, 1792; a third daughter, 
born October 2, 1793 ; a fon, marquis of Graham, heir 
apparent, born July 16, 1799; a daughter, born June 
22, 1805 ; and a fon, born February 2, 1807. 
The family of Graham is defcended from Greme, who 
was placed at the head of the Scottifh government du¬ 
ring the minority of king Eugene II. whofe acceflion 
to the crown is dated A.D. 419. He had many fevere 
engagements with the Britons; and, by forcing the ram¬ 
part they had ereCted between the firths of Forth and 
Clyde, gained fo much reputation, that from him that 
trench received the name of Graham’s Dyke, which it 
retains to the prefent day. 
Sir David Graham, in the reign of king Alexander 
III. had poffefiion of the barony of Kincardine and was 
father of fir Patrick, who was killed at the battle of 
Dunbar, fighting again!! the Englifli, in 1297 ; and fir 
John, who was the fupporter and friend of the celebrated 
lir William Wallace, and was killed at the battle of 
Falkirk, July 22, 1299. Sir David, the grandfon of fir 
Patrick, was a ftrenuousadherent to the family of Bruce, 
and was taken prifoner, together with king .David, at 
the battle of Durham, October 17, 1346. Patrick, his 
fon, bore the Ityle of lord of Graham,, Dundaff, and 
Kincardin; and by a younger fon was Anceftor of the 
extinCl earls of Menteith. 
William, lord Graham, defcended from the elder 
branch, diltinguiflied himfelf by his loyaltyfcto James 
III. and was by James IV. March 3, 1504, advanced- to 
the dignity of earl of Montrofe, in the county of Forfar. 
He had iffue, 1. William, fecond earl of Montrofe. 2. 
Andrew, who was elefted firft protellant bilhop of Dum- 
blaine, in 1575, and died in 1606. Earl William the fa¬ 
ther was killed, together.with king James IV. in the 
battle of Flodden Field, September 7, 1513. William, 
fecond earl of Montrofe, had iffue Robert, commonlj’ 
called Mailer of Montrofe, who was killed at the battle 
L D R Y. 
of Pinkey, September 10, 1547. John, third earl of 
Montrofe, fon of Roberr, was appointed by James VI. 
May 1, 1582, lord high treafurer of Scotland ; which 
office he refigned in 1585 ; and was farther conftituted, 
in January 1598, lord high chancellor of the kingdom 
of Scotland, in which office lie continued till the year 
1604. At the fame time he was appointed regent of the 
kingdom of Scotland for life, and died November 9, 
1608'. John, fourth earl of Montrofe, his fon, was in, 
the year 1625, declared lore! prefident of the privy coun¬ 
cil of the kingdom of Scotland, and died November 24, 
in the following year. 
James, fifth earl of Montrofe, his fon, was the m.oft 
adventurous and intrepid character of the age in which 
he lived. In early youth he' engaged in the party of 
the Scottifii covenanters; but, being deputed to nego. 
ciate witli Charles 1. at Berwick, in 1639, he became re. 
conciled to his fovereign ; and ever after devoted hjiji- 
fdf to his fervice. In 1644, he was created marquis of 
Montrofe, and received a commiffion from the king, 
conftituting him captain general and commander in chief 
of the'forces in Scotland. Upon this occafion, by al- 
raoll incredible efforts, heraifed a fmall army, and gain¬ 
ed fix victories in one year againft a great fuperiority of ■ 
numbers. He then marched to Edinburgh, and put 
himfelf in poffefiion of the metropolis, but was at length 
defeated, September 13, 1645, by a detachment from 
England, at Philiphaugh. In the following year, when 
king Charles furrend.ered himfelf to the Scottifii army at 
Newark, lie received orders from the fovereign to retire 
from the kingdom, which he obeyed. Having refilled 
for fome time at Paris, he contracted an acquaintance 
with cardinal de Retz, by.whpm his genius and courage 
are highly celebrated. In 1650, his commiffion of cap¬ 
tain general was renewed by Charles II. and, having 
collected a fmall force of about five hundred men, lie 
failed for Scotland. Here he was defeated and taken 
prifoner, and was treated by the adherents of the cove¬ 
nant, who were then negociating with the king, with 
every unmerited l'pecies of indignity. Being brought 
before the Scottifii parliament, the, marquis difplayed 
the utmo-ft firmnefs and dignity, and was fentenced to 
be hanged upon a gibbet thirty feet high, and then to 
have his head ftuck up at Edinburgh, and his legs and 
arms at four principal towns of the kingdom. When 
this judgment was pronounced, he replied, “ that he 
was prouder to have his head fet upon the gate of the 
prifon, than to have his picture hanged'even in the bed¬ 
chamber of the king his matter;” adding, “ that he 
willied that he had limbs enough to be difperfed into 
all the cities of Chriftendom, there to remain as tefti- 
monies of the caufe for which he fuffered.” >He was 
executed May 21, 1650. 
James, fecond marquis of Montrofe, his fon, was re- 
ftored to his honours and eftate at ttfe reiteration, by 
Charles II. and had iffue Janies, third marquis of Mon¬ 
trofe ; who was conftituted, in 1682, lord prefident of 
the privy council of the kingdom of Scotland, and died 
April 23, 1684. James fourth marquis of Montrofe, his 
fon, was conltifcuted by queen Anne, in 1705, lord high 
admiral of the kingdom of Scotland, which office he ex¬ 
changed in the following year for that of lord prefident 
of the privy council, in which polt he continued till the , 
union. By the fame princefs lie was farther created, , 
April 24, 1707, marquis of Graham, and duke of Mon¬ 
trofe, with remainder to his heirs of entail, and declared, 
February 28, 1709, lord keeper of the privy feal of the 
kingdom of Scotland, which office lie yefigned in 1713. 
Upon the acceffion of George I. he was railed, Septem- ' 
ber 24, 1714,40 the office of principal feeretary of (late 
for the kingdom of Scotland, which o.ffice he exchanged, 
July 9, 1716, for that of lord clerk regifter; and was 
further conftituted, November ij, in that year, lord 
keeper of the great leal. He married Chriftiana Car- 
negy, daughter of David, third earl of Northelk; by 
