80S HER 
Bridol, and other places; and, by means of the fame 
navigation, the city is fupplied with coals from the 
fored of Deane. A great market is held upon S,t. An¬ 
drew’s day for cattle, horfes, &c. Three markets are 
alfo held in each week, on Wednefdays and Saturdays 
for poultry, butter, eggs, &c. and on Fridays for live 
flock. There are annually four fairs, to wit, on the 
fird Tuefday after the 2d of February 5 on the Wednefday 
in the Eader-week; on the id of July ; and on the 20th 
of October. At the October fair, befides a.great num¬ 
ber of cattle, horfes. Sec. a confiderable quantity of 
falted butter is brought from the adjacent counties of 
Wales. On the north fide of the city, at a fmall didance 
from Cadle-green, Hereford infirmary is placed, in a 
very airy and commodious fituation ; and is mod libe¬ 
rally fupported by the voluntary l'ubfcriptions of the 
charitable and humane, both in the city and county at 
large. Among other fmall hofpitals in the environs, is 
one known by the name of Coningdiy’s hofpital for old 
loldiers, fituated at a fmall didance from Widemarlh- 
gate, near which is a remarkable ancient done pulpit, 
which never fails to excite the attention of the curious 
traveller. There are feveral other hofpitals well en¬ 
dowed, for the fupport of old and decayed citizens, 
both male and female. There is alfo a fchool, called 
Blue-fchool, without Byeder’s Gale, fupported by fub- 
feription, for the clothing and teaching a certain number 
of boys and girls. Hereford gave long the title of earl 
to the noble family of the Bohuns ; then of duke to 
Henry of Lancader, afterwards Henry IV. king.of Eng¬ 
land ; after him, of earl to Stafford earl of .Buckingham ; 
then of vifeount to Devereux earl of Effex, which a 
collateral branch of this family dill enjoys, and is 
thereby the premier vifeount ot England. See the 
article Heraldry, p. 545 of this volume. 
HER.'E FORD SHI RE, an inland county of England, 
fituated on the borders of Wales; having to the north 
the county of Salop or Shropfliire; to the wed the 
counties of Radnor and Brecknock, the latter feparated 
by the Hatterel hills, or Black Mountain ; to the fouth 
Monmouth (hire and Gloucederdiire, the former fepa- 
r.tted by the river Munnow ; the latter, in part, by the 
Wye; and to the ead Worcefterfliire. It is almod of a 
circular form ; having its circumference made irregular 
by many windings and indentations. During the Saxon 
heptarchy, this county was included in the kingdom of 
Mercia. It is now in the province of Canterbury, the 
diocefe of its own name, and in the Oxford circuit; 
being forty-fix miles long, forty miles broad, and 220 
miles in circumference; containing 1200 fquare miles, 
or 768,000 acres; divided into eleven hundreds, 17 6 
parilhes; one city, Hereford; and feven market-towns, 
viz. Leominder or Lemder, which gives the title of 
vifeount to the family of Ferrnor, and fends two mem¬ 
bers to parliament; Rofs, which gives the title of baron 
to the Herbert family; Weobley, which fends two 
members to parliament; Pembridge, Ledbury, Brom¬ 
yard, and Kineton. Its rivers are the Wye, Lugg, 
Munnow, Arrow, Frome, Doir, Leddon, and Tame. 
The mod noted places are Marfha Hill, Malvern Hills, 
Hatterel Hills, Frome Hill, Black Mount, Gilden Vale, 
Bringwood Chace, Hawood and Derefold Foreds, Cre- 
den Hill, and Brynmaur Wood. Before the conqued, 
this county was reckoned a part of \Vales ; and, being- 
then a frontier between England and Wales, it had 
twenty-eight drong cadles, a few only of which now 
remain. Herefordfhire is one of thofe counties which 
mod happily unite the rich and fertile with the piCtu- 
refque and romantic. 
The poet Dyer’s defeription of the ancient Siluria, of 
which it formed a confiderable part, paints it in beautiful 
colours: 
Pleafant Siluria, land of various views, 
Hills, rivers, woods, and lawns, and purple groves 
H E R 
Pomaceons, mingled with the curling growth 
Of tendril hops, that flaunt upon their poles. Fleece. 
The fertility and pleafantnefs of this country are 
greatly owing to the fine rivers by which it is watered. 
The principal is the Wye, Which, entering on the wefl- 
ern fide, almod croffes the county, meandering to the 
fouth-ead; when, turning direfitly fouth, it reaches the 
boundavy of Gloucederdiire, and then bending wed- 
ward, arrives at the borders of Monmouthlhire. The 
romantic beauties of the Wye, which flows in a deep 
bed between lofty rocks clothed with hanging woods, 
and here and there crowned with ruined cadles, have 
employed tire deferiptive powers of the pen and pencil, 
and can never too frequently, engage the curiofity of 
travellers. 
The Lugisalfo a confiderable dream, which, riling in 
north-wed, on the confines of Radnor, after flowing 
acrofs great part of this county, and receiving many 
rivulets from the north and ead, falls into the Wye a 
little below Hereford, and compels it to take its fouth- 
tyard direction.' The Munnow above mentioned as 
forming the limit on the Monmoftthfhire border, fpvings 
from the Hatterel-hills; and, after receiving the Doir, 
flowing out of a valley, called from its fuperior fertility 
the Golden Vale, goes on to join the Wye at the ancient 
town of Monmouth. The’northern extremity of the 
county is ajfo eroded in two places by the Tame, 
Two products render Herefordfhire particularly fa¬ 
mous—its’cider and its wool. Hops alfo form a cpnli- 
derable part of its agriculture. The apples producing 
the cider grow in greater abundance here than in any 
other county in Great Britain, being plentiful and 
fpontaneous even in the hedge-rows. Of thefe the fruits 
are of variouskinds,yielding liquorsof different drength 
and qualities. The mod celebrated is the red-dreak, 
laid to be peculiar to this county, and hence claims the 
didinCtive appellation of HerefordJhirecid.tr. The Styer 
ci'der is remarkable for a drength and body unufual to 
this liquor, and has hence been complimented with the 
fuperior title of Englilh champaign. 
The fheep of Herefordfhire are fmall, affording a fine 
filky wool, in quality fuperior to that of the favourite 
Sufiex breed. The Lemder wool iias long been famous, 
as well as that from the didriCt called Irchinfield, near 
Rofs. The grain of this fruitful county is not lefs ex¬ 
cellent than its other products. The wheat of its vales, 
and the barley of its high grounds, are equal to the bed 
in England. 
As the employments of agriculture are fo fuccefsfully 
followed here, it cannot be cxpeCted that the inhabitants 
lhould turn their induftry to manufactures. The towns 
of Herefordfliire are therefore inconfiderable in that 
refpeCt. 
HE'REGATE, or He'regeld,/. [Saxon; Pecunia 
feu tributum alendo exercitui col/atum.'] A tribute or tax 
levied anciently forthe maintenance of an army; fimilar 
to our modern Subsidy, which fee. 
HEREIN', adv. In this.—My bed endeavours fhall 
be done herein. Shakefpeare. 
HEREIN'TO, adv. Into this.—Becaufe the point 
about which we drive is the quality of our laws, our 
fird entrance kereinto cannot better be made than with 
confideration of the nature of law in general. Hooker. 
HEREMIT'ICAL, ddj. [It fhould be writteneretnetical, 
from eremite, of a defert; heremetique, Fr.] Soli¬ 
tary; fuitable to a hermit.—You deferibe fo well your 
heremitical date of life, that none of the ancient anchorites 
could go beyond you for a cave in a rock. Pope. 
HEREN'CIA, a town of Spain, in New Cadile : forty 
miles fouth-ead of Toledo. 
HER'ENDITZ, a town of Croatia: fix miles fouth- 
wed of Sluin. 
HER'ENTALS, a town of the duchy of Brabant, on 
the Little Nethe, built in the year 1209, by Henry IV. 
duke 
