■810 H X R 
kingdom of Tunis, fituated on the eaft'coaft: fifty miles 
foutli of Tunis. 
HER'LE, a town of the duchy of Limburg : fix miles 
eaft-north-eaft of Fauquemont. 
HERM (L’), a town of France, in the department 
of the Upper Gar.onn'e, and chief place of a canton in the 
diftriCt of Muret: two leagues fouth-weft of Muret. 
HERM./E 1 A,,/ in antiquity, ancient Greek feftivals in 
honour of Hermes, or Mercury. One of them was cele¬ 
brated by the Pheneata; in Arcadia; a fecond by the 
Cyllenians in Elis; and a third by the Tanagneans, 
where Mercury was reprefented with a ram upon his 
fhoulder, becaufe he was faid to have walked through 
the city in that manner in time of a plague, and to have 
cured the fick; in memory of which, it was cuftomary 
at this feftival for one of the moft beautiful youths in the 
city to walk round the walls with a ram upon his 
fhoulder. A fourth feftival of the fame name was ob- 
ferved in Crete, when it was ufual for the fer-vants to fit 
down at the table while their mafters waited ; a cuftom 
which was alfo obferved at the Roman Saturnalia. 
HERMAi'UM, in ancient geography, a town of Ar¬ 
cadia.—Alfo a promontory at the eaft of Carthage, the 
moft northern point of all Africa, now Cape Bon. Livy. 
HERMAG'ORAS, a man’s name; a rhetorician who 
taught at Rome. 
HER'MAL, a town of Germany, in Weftphalia, and 
bilhopric of Liege, fituated near the Meufe : three miles 
fouth-fouth-weft ofVifet. 
HER'MALA, a kingdom of the ifiand of Borneo, 
with a town of the fame name, fituated near the fea-coaft. 
HER'MAN, [of hepe, Sax. an army, and man.] A 
proper name of men. 
HER'MAN MI'ESTIZ, a town of Bohemia, in the 
circle of Chrudim, near which are quarries of different-, 
coloured marble: three miles weft of Chrudim. 
HER'MANCE, a town of Savoy, fituated on the 
coaft of the Lake of-Geneva: feven miles north-north- 
eaft of Geneva. 
HER'MANCE, a river of Savoy, which runs into 
the Lake of Geneva at the' town of the fame name. 
HER'MANN (James), a Swifs mathematician and 
divine, born at Bafil in 1678. He purfued his (Indies 
at the univerfiiy in his native city; and, having been 
admitted to the degree of M.A. went through a courfe 
of divinity, and w.as received into the miniftry in 1701. 
His principal attachment, however, was to mathematical 
ftudies, in which he profited by the inftruCtions of the 
celebrated James Bernouilli, and proved one of his moft 
diftinguifhed difciples. So early as the year 1700, he 
had become fuch a proficient, that he produced an able 
defence of the principles of the differential calculus, 
■againft the objections of the famous Nieuwentyt, in a 
piece entitled Refponjio ad Confidcrationes J'ecundas celeberrimi 
Nieuwentyt , circaprincipiaCalculidiffer.entialis. He travelled 
for improvement through Germany, Holland., England, 
and France; and on his return to Bafil, he devoted him- 
felf with renewed ardour to the mathematical fciences. 
In 1707, upon the recommendation of M. Leibnitz to 
the curators of the univerfity of Padua, he was ap¬ 
pointed mathematical profeH'or in that feminary; 
in 1708 he was chofen a member of the Inftitute at 
Bologna, and in 1710 of the Academy of Sciences at 
B rlin ; from whence he removed to Frankfort on the 
Oder, where M. Leibnitz had obtained for him the 
chair of mathematical profeftor from the king of Pruflia. 
Here he publiftied,‘in 1716, De Phoronumia, five de Viribus 
& Modbus Corporum folidorum & ftuidorum, 41 o. His next 
publication was, An Hiftorieal Diftertation on the Syftem 
of M. Leibnitz relating to Dynamics, inferted in a col¬ 
lection of literary and fcientific differtations compofed 
by his colleagues, printed in 1718; and in the following- 
year he publiftied A Diftertation on the Laws of Nature 
reipe Cling the Forces of Bodies, and their true Mea- 
Luremeat, intended as a reply to Dr, Clarke’s objections 
HER 
againft the fyftem of Leibnitz. Afterwards he enlarged 
thefe pieces, and they were inferted in the firft volume 
of the Memoirs of the Imperial Academy of Sciences 
at Peterlburgh. In 1731, M. Hermann was induced to 
return to his-native country, upon being chofen profe'ffor 
of natural and moral law at Bafil; but he did not quit 
Peterlburgh without receiving honorary marks of the 
regard of the emprefs A nne > w b° alfo fettled on him a, 
confiderable penfion, upon the condition of his tranf- 
mitting from time to time mathematical differtations to 
Peterlburgh, for infertion in the Memoirs of the Imperial 
Academy. He lived only a fhort time to enjoy thefe 
favours, being cut off by a fever in 1733, when about- 
fifty-five years of age. He had been eleCted a foreign 
member of the Royal Academy of Sciences at Paris. 
Beftdes the pieces already enumerated, he was the 
author of, 1. Difquifitio dioptrica de curvatura radiorum Vijio- 
rwn, Atmofphariam trajicimtium, d?c. 2. De nova Accelerations 
Lege, qua gravia verfus Terr am feruntur, &c. 3. Difquifitio 
de Vibrationibus Chordarum tenfarum. ■ 4. Solutio Problematis 
de Trajebloriis Curvarum inveniendis. 
HER'MANN (Paul), an eminent botanift, native of 
Halle in Saxony. He praCtifed phyfic in the iHand of 
Ceylon, and at the Cape of Good Hope, and iti 1679 
was made profeffor of botany at Leyden, and curator of 
the botanical garden. He obtained great reputation in 
that fcience, and died in 1695. His firft publication 
was a Catalogue of the Plants in the Univerfity Garden,, 
printed in 1687, 8vo. in which are deferibed feveral 
new and rare fpecies, with figures. His Flor * Lugdunc- 
Batava jlores, printed under the name of Zumbach, in 
1690, contains his method of botanical clailification, 
which was founded upon the nakednefs of the feeds, or 
their enclofure in the feed-veffels. The method of 
Boerhaave deviated little from that of Hermann. His 
Paradifus Batavus, continens plus centum Plantas affabre eeri 
incifas, 4to. 1698, was a pofthumous work, edited by 
Sherard. The other works of tliib author are : 1. Mufai 
Indici Catalogus , continens varia Exotica Animalia, Infeaa , 
Vegetabilia, Miner alia, 17U, 8vo. 2. Lapis Lydius Materia 
medico:, 1704, 8vo. in this the new characters of plants 
eltablilhed by Hermann are applied to illuftrate their 
medicinal properties. He left at his death four hundred 
and fifty very fine drawings prepared for a Mufaum Cey- 
lanicum ; and alfo a vaft collection of dried plants, which 
ferved for the bafis of the Flora Ceylanica of Linnaeus. 
He alfo left a Catalogue of Plants of the Cape of Good 
Hope, with drawings of feveral; but they have been 
unfortunately loft to the public. 
HERMAN'NIA, f. [named by Tournefort, in me¬ 
mory of the above-mentioned Paul Hermann. ] 1 n botany, a 
genus of the clafs monadelphia, order pentandria, natu¬ 
ral order of columniferse, (tiliaceae, JuJJ.) The generic 
characters are—Calyx : perianthium one-leafed, five- 
cleft, roundifti, inflated, the little clefts bent in, perma. 
nent. Corolla: pentapetalous, fpiral againft the fun ; 
claws the length of the calyx, with a little membrane 
on each fide converging into a cowled neCtareous tube ; 
border fpreading, broadifti, blunt. Stamina: filaments 
five, broadith, very flightly coalefcing at bottom into 
one body; anthers? upright, acuminate, converging. 
Piftillum : germ roundilh, five-fided, five-cornered; 
liyles five, filiform, approximating, tubulate, longer 
than the ftamens ; ftigma fimple. Pericarpium : capfule 
roundifti, five-fided, gaping at the top. Seeds: very 
many, fmall; (kidney-form, Gartner.) — EJJential CharaEler. 
Styles five ; capfule five-celled ; petals femi-tubular at 
the bafe, oblique. 
Species. 1. Hermannia althaeifolia, or marfti-mallow'- 
leaved hermannia: leaves ovate, crenate, plaited, to- 
mentofe ; flowering calyxes belLfhaped, angular; fti- 
pules oblong, leafy. This feldom rifes more than two 
feet and a half high; the ftem is not very woody, and 
the branches are foft and (lender. The flowers are pro¬ 
duced in loofe panicles at the ends of the branches; they 
are 
